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Pharmacon
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
ISSN : 14114283     EISSN : 26855062     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia is a collection of publication journals, covering all aspects of Pharmaceutical sciences, including Technology of Formulations, Excipients Optimization, Extract and Herbal Standardizations, Pharmacological activity determination on natural sources, Drug Synthesize and Development, Molecular Biology, Antibiotic Screening, Metabolite Profiling and Quantification, Clinical Pharmacy, Health and Environmental issues, published by Faculty of Pharmacy, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. We look forward to working with pharmaceutical community of researchers as we are intended to serve as a major resource for pharmaceutical information.
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Articles 345 Documents
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Optimization of Ethanol Extract Preparation Gel Formula from the Combination of Lime Peel and Neem Leaves : Optimum Physical Properties and Antibacterial Activity Rahmana, Andrea Yovva; Nurwaini, Setyo
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 21, Special Issue 1, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v21i0.23586

Abstract

Lime peel (Citrus aurantifolia) and neem leaf (Azadirachta indica) have antibacterial properties, especially against Staphylococcus aureus. These two ingredients can be used to treat various skin problems caused by Staphylococcus aureus. This study aimed to determine the optimal ratio of 96% ethanol extract of lime peel and neem leaves to produce a gel formula with optimum physical properties and antibacterial activity. Physical properties tested were pH test, adhesion test, spreadability test, and viscosity test. Antibacterial activity was measured by inhibition zone diameter when tested by the well method. There were 8 gel formula with the various ratio of components of lime peel and neem leaves extracts, FI (8:2), FII (6.5:3.5), FIII (5:5), FIV (3.5:6.5), FV (2:8). The optimization method used was Simplex Lattice Design using the Design Expert 11 application (Trial). The optimum formula obtained from the Design Expert was verified and analyzed using the SPSS one-sample t-test with a 95% confidence level. The optimum formula of lime peel and neem leaves obtained were 8.00%:2.00% with a desirability value of 0.471. The one sample t-test showed that the results were not significantly different between the predicted and verified values.
Antioxidant Activity of the Herbal Combination of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) with Soursop Leaves (Annona muricata L.) OR Celery (Apium graveolens L.) Wardatun, Sri; Sofihidayat, Trirakhma; Noorlaela, Ella; Agustin, Vina
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 21, Special Issue 1, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v21i0.23466

Abstract

Excessive free radicals in the body can cause various degenerative diseases; antioxidants can reduce the impact of free radical injury. Several plants have been tested for antioxidant activity, including black cumin (Nigella sativa L.), soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.), and celery (Apium graveolens L.). Black cumin is easy to find in several finished products on the market in Indonesia alone or in combination with other ingredients, including soursop leaves and celery. This study aimed to explore the interaction of laboratory-prepared and commercial combinations of black cumin extract with soursop or celery extract. The antioxidant activity of each extract was determined, and the combined antioxidant activity was calculated. The interactions of the combinations were identified based on the interaction factor values. The antioxidant activities were measured using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) reagent. The results revealed nearly all exhibited strong antioxidant activity, except for black cumin–based commercial combination preparations, which demonstrated weak had antioxidant activity. Moreover, all combination extracts—laboratory made or commercial—had an IF value of 1. Conclusion: The combination of black cumin extract with soursop or celery leaf extract resulted in an antagonistic effect (IF 1) on the antioxidant ability.
Analysis Of Nicotine Levels In Tingwe (Linting Dewe) Cigarette Using Ultraviolet-Vision Spectrophotometry Method Suharyanto, Suharyanto; Rahmadhani, Annisaa Shafaa
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 20, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v20i2.18332

Abstract

The most hazardous ingredient in cigarette tobacco is nicotine, which is also the main ingredient. In addition to being addicting, nicotine can cause cancer and lung issues. Tingwe cigarettes are produced locally with basic equipment and no addition of extra substances. The study's goal was to use UV Spectrophotometry to ascertain the amount of nicotine present in Tingwe cigarettes. According to the data, the nicotine content of brands A, B, and C was 1.5496 mg/cigarette (CV = 0.0382%, 2.1169 mg/cigarette (CV = 0.0096%), and 1.9987 mg/cigarette (CV = 0.0139%). Government Regulation Number 81 of 1999 states that a cigarette of tobacco can only contain 1.5 mg of nicotine, hence Tingwe brands A, B, and C do not adhere to this regulation.
Rungia pectinata (Linn.) Nees: A Review of Phytochemical Analysis and Pharmacological Activities Forid, Md. Shaekh; Azuri, Muhammad Saupi bin; Wan Ishak, Wan Maznah; Hossain, Md. Sanower
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 21, Special Issue 1, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v21i0.23596

Abstract

Rungia pectinata L. is an herbaceous weed traditionally used for many years for various disease conditions. Nevertheless, these indigenous medical practices are frequently regarded as self-limiting, necessitating a thorough examination of their purported benefits. This review aims to consolidate existing scientific insights and identify domains requiring additional research. The literature was searched using the keyword "Rungia pectinata" OR "Comb Rungia" in well-known scientific databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, and relevant papers were selected for this review. The leaf juice is used as a cooling agent and to treat smallpox in children, reducing pain and swelling. A paste made from the fresh leaves blended with castor oil can heal tinea capitis, a scaly fungoid scalp infection. This plant has a rich tradition of use in treating different disease conditions, such as hepatitis, acute conjunctivitis, children's dyspepsia, dysentery, and lymphoid tuberculosis. Additionally, it exhibits diverse pharmacological activities like antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, analgesic, antifungal, and antibacterial effects. This study found that it has secondary metabolites, such as amino acids, glycosides, phenolics, terpenes, phytosterols, tannins, flavonoids, and carbohydrates. Additionally, a total of 38 isolated compounds were identified in essential oils, with the dominant compounds being trans-phytol, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, and isophytol. However, the phytochemical compositions varied depending on the type of extraction process. R. pectinata presents a promising avenue for medicinal exploration, deeply rooted in traditional practices. This review underscores the need for a more thorough investigation into its diverse therapeutic applications and encourages further research to unlock the plant's full potential.
Reducing Activity of Interleukin-8 (IL-8) Extract of Sea Cucumber (Holothuroidea sp.) in Experimental Animals Induced by Carrageenan Aurum, Mursalina Nanda; Suhendi, Andi; Da'i, Muhammad; Fauzi, Ahmad
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 21, Special Issue 1, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v21i0.23471

Abstract

Interleukin-8 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a role in the inflammatory response. Sea cucumbers (Holothuria sp.) are used as alternative medicines that have anti-inflammatory activity. The study aims to determination of Sea cucumber (Holothuria sp.) as anti inflammation activty based on capability of reducing interleukin-8 (IL-8) on Rats induced by Carrageenan. Experimental research used was a post-test-only control group design. A total of 25 rats were divided into 5 groups, namely negative control, positive control (Na. Diclofenac), and treatment groups given Sea cucumber extract (doses of 45, 90, and 180 mg/ g BW). Carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema model was used for induction of inflammation. IL-8 of Paw tissue were measured by an ELISA reader at 450 nm wavelength. The result showed that treatrment groups has anti-inflammation activity based on IL-8 levels compared to negative and positive controls. The lowest levels of IL-8 showed at a dose of 90 mg/g BW. Based on One-way ANOVA, there were no significant differences of between groups. Sea cucumber has anti-inflammation activity by reducing IL-8 at all dose tested
Evaluation Of Medicine Storage Management and Compatibility With Storage Standards in The Pharmaceutical Warehouse of Hospital Badung Regency Giwangkara, I Gusti Agung Ayu Ningrat; Dewi, Dewa Ayu Putu Satrya; Mayun, I Gusti Ngurah; Suryaningsih, Ni Putu Aryati
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 20, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v20i2.23309

Abstract

The effectiveness of drug storage is essential for effective drug management; if it is inadequate, pharmacy services and performance will be compromised. Therefore, a review of drug storage management and the appropriateness of drug storage regulations is required. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of drug storage and the acceptability of drug storage in the pharmaceutical warehouse of Hospital, Badung Regency. This study used cross-sectional methodology, descriptive observational quantitative research, and data collected from all medicinal products between March and April 2023. A checklist taken from the 2010 Binfar guidelines became the research tool. The result Indicators of drug storage such as percentage of matched drugs with stock cards was 100%, percentage of expired drugs was 1,46%, percentage of empty stock was 0%. Result of standards of drug storage such as space organized, drug supplies were prepared, and storage facilities were used was 100%. The results of the suitability of drug storage facilities in the Pharmacy Warehouse of Regional Hospital Badung Regency are in accordance with the standards of drug storage facilities, while the results of the efficiency value of drug storage in the Pharmacy Warehouse of Regional Hospital Badung Regency show that it has not achieved maximum results. Evaluation of drug storage management in the Pharmacy Warehouse of Regency Hospital Badung needs to be carried out regularly to prevent expired drugs and ensure drug supplies are maintained.
The Effect of Pharmacist Counseling on Medication Adherence and Blood Pressure Values in Hypertensive Patients Sabiti, Farroh Bintang; Fatiha, Chilmia Nurul; Timur, Willi Wahyu; Dewi, Peggy Anastia
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 20, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v20i2.19304

Abstract

Hypertension is a disease often found in Indonesia. Hypertension can be controlled by compliance with taking medication and a healthy lifestyle. One effort to increase compliance is counseling. Pharmacist counseling can provide patient education and understanding of hypertension therapy while ensuring that patients are taking medication appropriately so as to increase compliance and control blood pressure. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of pharmacist counseling on drug compliance on blood pressure values in hypertensive patients at the Semarang Community Health Center. This research is a pre-experimental study with a One Group Pretest-Posttest design. Data collection was taken in March-April 2019. Blood pressure results were obtained before and after counseling with a value of p = 0.000 (p 0.05). This research can be concluded that pharmacist counseling can influence medication adherence and systolic and diastolic blood pressure values in hypertensive patients at the Semarang Community Health Center
Cytotoxic of Ethanol Extract of Leaves and Bark Mareme (Glochidion Arborescens Blume.) Against 4T1 Cancer Cells Haryoto, Haryoto; Saputri, Luki Rahmadani Tulus
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 21, Special Issue 1, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v21i0.23587

Abstract

Mareme plant (Glochidion arborescens Blume.) is a plant that has the potential to treat cancer. In a study on the leaves and bark of the Mareme (Glocidion arborescens Blume.) plant, tests for antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities were previously carried out. Secondary metabolites that play a role in cytotoxic activity in Mareme plants are flavonoids, and these compounds can specifically kill the progression of cancer cells. This study aims to determine the content of compounds, examine cytotoxic activity, and determine the percentage of living cells in the leaves and bark of Mareme (Glochidion arborescens Blume.). The leaves and bark of Mareme (Glochidion arborescens Blume.) were extracted by maceration using a 96% ethanol solvent, then identification of the compounds was carried out to determine the content contained in the ethanol extract of the leaves and stem bark of Mareme, and then a cytotoxic test was carried out using the MTT assay method. The compounds contained in Mareme leaves are flavonoids, tannins, steroids, saponins, and polyphenolics, while the chemical compounds in Mareme stem bark are flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and polyphenolics. Tests were carried out at concentrations of 500, 600, and 800 µg/mL. The results of the cytotoxic test showed that the value of live cells in the ethanol extract of Mareme leaves (Glochidion arborescens Blume.) was 114.21, 106.21, and 78.91%, respectively. While the value of live cells in the ethanol extract of Mareme stem bark (Glochidion arborescens Blume.) was 59.56, 56.37, and 42.85%, respectively. The higher the concentration, the smaller the living cells produced.
Antidiabetic Activity of Ethanol Extract of Red Castor Roots (Jatropha gossypiifolia L.) in White Wistar Rats Induced by Alloxan Putri, Annisa Nur Lathifah Amanda; Haryoto, Haryoto
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 21, Special Issue 1, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v21i0.23467

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder indicated by high blood glucose levels. Red castor is a plant that has potential in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. This study aims to measure the impact of ethanol extract from the roots of the red castor plant (Jatropha gossypiifolia L.) in reducing blood glucose levels in male white Wistar rats that have been induced with alloxan at a dose of 150 mg/kgBW. The study used 25 male mice divided into 5 treatment groups. The negative control group was given distilled water as a substitute for the substance being tested, while the positive control group was given a dose of glibenclamide of 5 mg/kgBW. Apart from that, there were 3 treatment groups that were given extract from red castor root at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kgBW respectively. Treatment was given for 14 days. Alloxan 150 mg/kgBW was used so that mice experienced an increase in blood glucose levels exceeding 200 mg/dL. The results of decreasing blood glucose levels respectively at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kgBW were 101.0 mg/dL, 81.6 mg/dL, and 79.4 mg/dL. The percentage reduction in blood glucose levels obtained at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kgBB was 73.63%, 77.89%, and 80.10%. Based on the results of statistical tests, the effect of using ethanol extract of red castor root at doses of 25 mg/kgBB, 50 mg/kgBB, and 100 mg/kgBB is comparable to using 5 mg/kgBB glibenclamide
Virtual Screening to Identification The Active Compounds from Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) as Analgetics Arief, Ihsanul; Inderiyani, Inderiyani
Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Vol 20, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/pharmacon.v20i2.19911

Abstract

Kratom (Mytragina speciosa) is one of the endemic plants in Southeast Asia in general and Kalimantan in particular which is proven to have activities as an analgesic, sedative (antidepressant), and, antiobesity, breast anticancer, antinociceptive, CYP450 induction, anti-inflammatory, opiate, antimicrobial, and antioxidant. However, no report states the active compounds from kratom leaves that have these activities. Therefore, this study will identify the active compounds contained in kratom leaves with a virtual screening process responsible for analgesic activity along with the prediction of adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) properties. The virtual screening process was performed based on molecular tethering, while the prediction of ADMET properties was done with the help of a web server. The results obtained showed that the compound (-)-epicatechin was most responsible for the analgesic activity of kratom leaves. The ADMET profile of this compound predicts that it has good bioavailability and is non-toxic.

Page 34 of 35 | Total Record : 345

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