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MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman
ISSN : 08520720     EISSN : 25023616     DOI : 10.30821
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman is a peer reviewed academic journal, established in 1976 as part of the State Islamic University of North Sumatra Medan (see: video), dedicated to the publication of scholarly articles in various branches of Islamic Studies, by which exchanges of ideas as research findings and contemporary issues are facilitated. MIQOT is accredited as an academic journal by the Ministry of Education and Culture, Republic of Indonesia (SK Dirjen Dikti No. 040/P/2014) valid through February 2019. Miqot welcomes contributions of articles in such fields as Quranic Studies, Prophetic Traditions, Theology, Philosophy, Law and Economics, History, Education, Communication, Literature, Anthropology, Sociology, and Psychology.
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Articles 364 Documents
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT THROUGH ACCREDITATION AT GRADUATE STUDIES UIN-SU MEDAN Hasan Asari; Hafsah Hafsah; Yusnaili Budianti
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 42, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v42i2.594

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Abstract: This article elaborates institutions of quality assurance and accreditation of departments in the context of quality improvement at Graduate Studies of UIN-SU Medan. This qualitative research discovered the following: First, the Quality Assurance Unit of the Graduate Studies, which was established in 2016, has not been operational mainly due to lack of competence of its personnel and insufficient fund. Second, the main hindrances in accreditation process are poor understanding of departments’ management, limited support from stakeholders, and insufficient funding. The ‘mentoring’ of UIN-SU Medan Quality Assurance Office could not have been more helpful and indeed has solved some of the problems. However this practice has not been so useful in developing internal quality assurance culture. Despite the fact that its departments have undergone two to three accreditation procedures, the Graduate Studies has not been successful in delivering a better result.Abstrak: Peningkatan Mutu Melalui Akreditasi Pada Pascasarjana UIN-SU Medan. Artikel ini menganalisis kelembagaan penjaminan mutu dan pelaksanaan akreditasi program studi dalam konteks peningkatan mutu pendidikan di lingkungan Pascasarjana UIN-SU Medan. Penelitian yang menerapkan prosedur penelitian kualitatif ini menemukan: Pertama, Unit Penjaminan Mutu Pascasarjana yang dibentuk tahun 2016 tidak operasional karena tidak sesuainya kompetensi personel yang ditempatkan serta tidak tersedianya dukungan finansial. Kedua, kesulitan utama dalam proses akreditasi adalah pemahaman pengelola Program Studi tentang akreditasi yang sangat variatif; rendahnya budaya mutu sivitas akademika; dan terbatasnya dukungan finansial. Pendampingan dari Lembaga Penjaminan Mutu UIN-SU Medan sangat membantu. Sayangnya pendampingan ini, meskipun menyelesaikan masalah secara ad hoc tetapi tidak mendukung berkembangnya budaya penjaminan mutu internal yang baik. Dengan berbagai persoalan yang ada, peringkat akreditasi Program Studi di lingkungan Pascasarjana UIN-SU Medan belum mengalami peningkatan meskipun masing-masing Program Studi sudah menjalani dua atau tiga kali akreditasi.Keywords: PTKIN, penjaminan mutu, akreditasi
PEREMPUAN MENGGUGAT: Telaah Perceraian Wanita Muslimah Berkarir di Kota Medan Fatimah Zuhrah
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 42, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v42i2.520

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Abstrak: Baiknya pondasi sebuah rumah tangga secara tidak langsung berpengaruh terhadap jatuh bangunnya sebuah negara, dan sebaliknya rusaknya pondasi sebuah keluarga berpengaruh terhadap merosot dan berkembangnya sebuah negara. Beberapa tahun belakangan ini jumlah permintaan gugat cerai istri terhadap suami mengalami peningkatan terutama dari isteri yang berkarir. Penelitian ini melihat permasalahan yang dibangun dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologis untuk melihat dan memahami faktor perceraian wanita muslimah berkarir di kota Medan berdasarkan fenomena, fakta dan data yang peneliti temui di lapangan. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian didapat bahwa untuk menegakkan konsep ideal sebuah keluarga sangat sulit untuk dilakukan pada masa sekarang. Kondisi perkawinan sekarang sangat berbeda dengan masa dahulu dalam pemaknaan relasi suami isteri. Dahulu pernikahan memiliki posisi sangat sakral, pernikahan dianggap sebagai ibadah, sehingga orang takut untuk bercerai, karena cerai dianggap aib dan dosa.Abstract: Women Prosecute: A Study of Divorce in Careered-Muslim Women in Medan City. The good foundation of a household indirectly affects the rise and fall of a country, and vice versa, the damage to a family’s foundation affects the decline and development of a country. In the last decade, the number of divorce petition against husbands has increased, especially from careered-wives. This paper attempts to study the problems using a phenomenological qualitative approach to thoroughly comprehend the factors of divorce of careered-Muslim women in Medan city based on the phenomena, facts and data that researchers encountered in the field. This study finds that to enforce the ideal concept of a family is not an easy task to do at present. The current condition and perception of marital tie within the society is very different from the past. At the early stage of development of human history, marriage were regarded as inherent in religious observance, and thus, people were reluctant to divorce since it was a disgrace and sin.Kata Kunci: gender, feminisme, cerai, wanita karir, Muslimah
KONTRIBUSI SYAIKH MUHAMMAD THAHIR JALALUDDIN DALAM BIDANG ILMU FALAK Arwin Juli Rakhmadi Butar-Butar
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 42, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v42i2.553

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Abstrak: Fajar adalah fenomena alami yang terjadi disebabkan rotasi Bumi pada porosnya. Permasalahan awal waktu fajar senantiasa menjadi kajian baik di kalangan fukaha maupun ilmuwan Muslim. Di Indonesia, sejak lama berlaku ketetapan dip-20 derajat di bawah ufuk dalam penentuan waktu Subuh. Ketentuan ini berasal dari pendapat Syaikh Muhammad Thahir Jalaluddin (w. 1376/1956) dalam karyanya Nukhbah al-Taqrîrât fi Hisâb al-Auqât. Makalah ini akan menelusuri pemikiran Syaikh Muhammad Thahir Jalaluddin tentang hal ini melalui karyanya tersebut dalam merumuskan konsepsi 20 derajat ini. Melalui analisis dan penelusuran sejumlah literatur, ditemukan bahwa dip -20 derajat ini ternyata dihasilkan hanya berdasarkan nukilan dari karya dan atau pemikiran tokoh-tokoh sebelumnya baik tokoh Nusantara maupun tokoh yang bermukim di Haramain, khususnya melalui kitab al-Mathla‘ al-Sa‘îd karya Husain Zaid Mesir.Abstract: Shaykh Muhammad Thahir Jalaluddin’s Contribution in Islamic Astronomy. This article studies on the early dawn time and its influence on the determination dawn in Indonesia. Dawn is a natural phenomenon that can be seen while the earth rotates on its axis. The issue of the beginning of dawn has become a heated debate both within the Indonesian Muslim scholars (fuqaha) and scientists alike. In Indonesia, to determine dawn prayer’s time has been set up dip -20 degree below the horizon. This determination was adopted from Muhammad Thahir Jalaluddin’s idea in his work Nukhbah al-Taqrîrât fi Hisâb al-Auqât. This paper is trying to explore Muhammad Thahir Jalaluddin’s thought concerning the issue through his work which formulated this conception of 20 degree. In this article, the author found that after a thorough and critical analysis of some important literature and references, it is concluded that this conception was strictly quoted from other works and other previous Muslim scholars idea who lived in Haramain, especially in the book al-Mathla‘ al-Sa‘îd which was written out by Husain Zaid Mishr.Kata Kunci: Muhammad Thahir Jalaluddin, waktu fajar, Nusantara, astronomi
RESPONS TOKOH ORMAS ISLAM TERHADAP PERAN PUBLIK PEREMPUAN Siti Halimah; Humaidah Hasibuan
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 42, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v42i2.596

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Abstrak: Studi ini menelaah respons organisasi keagamaan di Sumatera Utara: Al Washliyah, Al Ittihadiyah, Nahdlatul Ulama dan Muhammadiyah, terhadap peran publik perempuan. Bagaimana agama dan budaya dimaknai serta dipraktikkan pada tataran empiris dalam bentuk norma, fatwa dan sikap. Penelitian ini menemukan perkembangan signifikan fatwa kebebasan peran publik perempuan. Pada level fatwa respons ormas Islam di Sumatera Utara memperlihatkan aspek keterbukaan dan pem-baharuan. Fatwa telah merespons persoalan-persoalan praktis di samping persoalan hukum. Meskipun terdapat varian pemikiran tentang peran publik perempuan, tetapi secara kelembagaan respons tersebut menjadi bagian upaya pemecahan permasalahan relasi gender. Temuan ini menjadi pemikiran kritis bagi kalangan yang berpandangan bahwa isu ketimpangan gender dalam Islam bersumber dari pandangan ulama yang tidak sensitif gender.Abstract: The Responses of Islamic Societal Organization Figures Towards Women’s Public Role. This study focuses on the response of such religious organizations in North Sumatra as Al Washliyah, Al Ittihadiyah, Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah, towards women’s public role. This study also analyses the extent to which religion and culture could be interpreted and practiced at an empirical level in the form of norms, fatwas and attitudes. This study found the significant fatwa developments in the freedom of women’s public roles. At the fatwa level the response of Islamic organizations in North Sumatra shows the openness aspects and renewal. Fatwa has responded to practical issues in addition to legal issues. Although there are thought variants about the public role of women, the institutional response is part of efforts to solve gender relations problems. This finding is being a critical thinking for those who believe that the issue of gender inequality in Islam comes from the views of scholars who are not snsitive to gender.Kata Kunci: feminisme, fatwa, sosio-kultural, perempuan, ormas Islam, gender 
NARASI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI ACEH: Biografi Intelektual M. Arifin Amin Mohd. Nasir; Mhd. Rasid Ritonga
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 42, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v42i2.416

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Abstrak: Perkembangan pendidikan Islam di Aceh Timur selalu merujuk pada salah seorang tokoh pendidikan Islam yang telah banyak mendedikasikan dirinya bagi pendidikan Islam. Ironisnya, nama ini tidak pernah direkam dalam lintasan sejarah pendidikan (Islam) Aceh. Tulisan ini menginvestigasi tidak hanya profil dan karya tulis M. Arifin Amin, tetapi juga kontribusi Arifin terhadap perkembangan pendidikan Islam serta faktor yang sangat dimungkinkan lahirnya inisiasi untuk mendirikan lembaga-lembaga pendidikan Islam di Aceh Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan perspektif sosiologi historis Max Weber dengan menggunakan causal analysis untuk menginterpretasikan berbagai faktor yang melahirkan tindakan Arifin terhadap pendidikan Islam di Aceh Timur. Penelitian ini menggali informasi dari informan yang dilakukan melalui indepth interview dan mengumpulkan karya intelektual serta dokumen lembaga-lembaga pendidikan Islam di mana Arifin merupakan tokoh sentral. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Arifin tidak hanya terlibat aktif dalam organisasi sosial dan pendidikan, tetapi juga aktif dalam bidang politik dan sejarah.Abstract: Islamic Education Narratives in Aceh: M. Arifin Amin’s Intellectual Biography. The development of Islamic education in East Aceh always refers to M. Arifin Amin who has dedicated his life to Islamic education. Ironically, this name was never recorded in the history of education (Islam) of Aceh. It is, therefore, important to investigate M. Arifin Amin’s profile and most importantly Arifin’s contribution to the development of Islamic education as well as the most likely factors that trigger Arifin to establish Islamic educational institutions in East Aceh. This research used Weber’s historical sociology using causal analysis to interpret the various factors that gave birth to Arifin’s action towards Islamic education in East Aceh. This research gathered information from informants conducted through in-depth interviews and collected documents related to intellectual works and Islamic educational institutions where Arifin is a central figure. The study found that Arifin did not only actively get involved in social and educational organizations but also in politics and history.Kata Kunci: pendidikan Islam, Aceh, pendidikan tinggi
THE PRINCIPLES FOR IJTIHÂD IN RESPONSE TO THE CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS Fauzi Fauzi
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 42, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v42i2.557

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Abstract: This article focuses on the qualifications a mujtahid should meet in responding to current problems in the modern era. The author argues that the quality of hadith is influential in legal deduction of taklîfî rulings which might fall under the category of: wâjib, sunnah, mubâh, harâm and makrûh. Mujtahid is also required to be able to understand consensus arguments (ijmâ‘) amongst scholars so that no mujtahid can exercise their legal deduction which contradicts with the existing consensus. It is also urgent that a mujtahid understand the position of the analogy both theoretically and practically and understand the differences between the methods of ijtihâd starting from the phase of revelation, the period of Companion of the Prophet to the time of the legal school of thoughts. On top of the above-mentioned conditions, a mujtahid would only be able to respond to contemporary issues when he or she has an adequate understanding of the maslahah or what is popularly known as public interest in Islamic legal discourse.Abstrak: Rambu-rambu Perumusan Hukum dalam Merespon Masalah Kontemporer. Artikel ini menfokuskan pada standar persayaratan yang harus dipenuhi seorang mujtahid dalam merespon masalah kekinian di era modern. Penulis mengemu-kakan bahwa bahwa kualitas hadis berpengaruh dalam menyimpulkan hukum taklîfî yang berada pada tataran: wâjib, sunnah, mubâh, harâm dan makrûh. Mujtahid juga dipersyaratkan mampu memahami argumen konsensus (ijmâ’) antara ulama sehingga tidak ada mujtahid yang melakukan istinbâth hukum yang berlawanan dengan konsensus yang ada, memahami kedudukan analogi baik secara teoritis maupun praktis dan memahami perbedaan metode ijtihâd lintas masa mulai fase turunnya wahyu, masa sahabat, masa tabiin dan masa mazhab. Di atas semua persyaratan tersebut di atas, seorang mujtahid hanya akan mampu merespon isu-isu kontemporer ketika memiliki pemahaman yang memadai tentang teori maslahah atau public interest.Keywords: Islamic law, ijtihâd, mujtahid, contemporary issues
KEDUDUKAN QANUN JINAYAT ACEH DALAM SISTEM HUKUM PIDANA NASIONAL INDONESIA Ridwan Nurdin
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 42, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v42i2.542

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Abstrak: Aceh justru telah melahirkan sebuah KUHP versi Aceh yang lumrah disebut Qanun Jinayat Aceh pada 2014 silam, di tengah pembicaraan tentang Rancangan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (RKUHP) Nasional. Sebagai bagian dari wilayah Indonesia, keadaan demikian menimbulkan polemik terjadinya perbedaan (dualisme) hukum antara Aceh dan wilayah lain di Indonesia dalam menanggulangi kejahatan. Dinamika pemidanaan itulah yang menjadi fokus dalam artikel ini. Penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya keunikan dalam Qanun Jinayat Aceh yang patut dijadikan stimulus bagi pembangunan hukum pidana nasional. Di samping itu, reorientasi pemidanaan di Aceh patut menjadi agenda lain demi terintegrasinya Aceh ke dalam sistem hukum pidana nasional. Keistimewaan tidak harus dimaknai sebagai pembeda, melainkan penguat bagi kesatuan sistem hukum di mana Qanun Jinayat Aceh merupakan bagian dari sub-sistem hukum pidana tersebut.Abstract: The Position of Aceh Criminal Code in Indonesian National Criminal Code System. In the amidst discussions on the National Criminal Code (RKUHP) draft, Aceh has produced a version of Aceh Criminal Code-commonly referred to as Aceh Qanun Jinayat in 2014. As part of the Indonesian territory, such circumstances certainly bring about a lot of polemics. Among the polemics is the legal difference (dualism) between Aceh and other parts of Indonesia in overcoming the crime. This article focuses on the dynamics of the crime. The study shows the uniqueness of the Aceh Qanun Jinayat which should be a stimulus for the development of the national criminal law. In addition, the reorientation of punishment in Aceh should be another agenda for the sake of Aceh integration into the national penal system. This privilege should not be interpreted as a differentiator, but a reinforcement of the unity system where Aceh Qanun Jinayat is a part of sub-system of criminal law.Kata Kunci: Aceh, hukum pidana, qanun, jinayat
PERKEMBANGAN TERKINI STUDI HADIS DI INDONESIA Ramli Abdul Wahid; Dedi Masri
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 42, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v42i2.572

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Abstrak: Diakui bahwa perkembangan studi hadis tidak berbanding lurus dengan percepatan bidang ilmu keislaman lainnya. Artikel ini mengkaji perkembangan mutakhir studi hadis di Indonesia. Penulis mengemukakan bahwa keterlambatan kajian Hadis di Indonesia berlangsung dalam kurun waktu yang panjang, mulai dari awal masuknya Islam sampai sekitar akhir abad ke-20. Fenomena kajian Hadis belakangan menunjukkan adanya perkembangan di Indonesia dan bahkan keadaan terkini, Hadis mengalami kemajuan yang pesat, baik dari aspek kuantitas, maupun kualitas. Penulis berargumen bahwa kemajuan tersebut dibuktikan dengan munculnya program studi Ilmu Hadis di PTKIN dan penelitian dan buku yang diterbitkan, tidak lagi bersifat konvensional, tetapi sudah menemukan terobosan-terobosan baru. Karena itu fenomena baru tentang pengkajian Hadis di Indonesia diproyeksikan memiliki prospek yang menjanjikan di masa mendatang.Abstract: The Latest Development of Hadith Studies in Indonesia. It has been widely accepted that within the Islamic historians that the development of hadis studies had not run parallel with acceleration of other Islamic disciplines. This article examines the latest developments in the study of hadith in Indonesia. The author maintains that the stagnant stage of development in the study of Hadith in Indonesia has undergone through a long history, starting from the beginning of the emergence of Islam until the end of the 20th century. The phenomenon of Hadith studies witnessed the developments in Indonesia and even at the initial situation, it progressed rapidly both in terms of quantity as well as quality. The author argues that this development as evidenced by the Hadith studies program at PTKIN and the published research and books which are no longer conventional, but have found new breakthroughs. As such, the new phenomenon about Hadith studies in Indonesia is projected to have promising prospects in the future.Kata Kunci: hadis, ulama, Indonesia, Nusantara, PTAIN
BIOGRAPHY AND ECONOMIC THOUGHT OF IBN QAYYIM AL-JAWZIYYAH Maulidizen, Ahmad; Bin Mohamad, Mohammad Taqiuddin
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 42, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v42i2.544

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Abstrak: Biografi dan Pemikiran Ekonomi Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah (691 H/1292 M–751 H/1350 M). Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah dikenal sebagai salah satu tokoh terkemuka yang memiliki gagasan dalam pengembangan ekonomi Islam. Penjelasan ini menunjukkan urgensi meninjau kembali pemikiran dan gagasan Ibnu Qayyim al-Jawziyyah khususnya di bidang ekonomi. Dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif, artikel ini akan menganalisis biografi dan pemikiran ekonomi Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, seorang sarjana Muslim penting pada abad ke-13/14. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa pemikiran Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah di bidang ekonomi berimplikasi pada upaya mewujudkan konsep kesejahteraan sosial, pembentukan keadilan dan penghapusan ketidakadilan dalam kehidupan ekonomi.Abstract: Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah is one of the prominent figures who had ideas in the development of Islamic economics. This explanation shows the urgency of re-examining the thoughts and ideas of Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah especially in the economic field. Using a qualitative descriptive analysis method, this article will analyze the biography and economic thought of Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, a great Muslim scholar in the 13th/14th century. The authors emphasize that Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah’s thought in the economic field implies mainly to realize the concept of social welfare, the formation of justice and the elimination of injustice in economic life.Keywords: Islamic economics, Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, Islamic history
CULTURAL TRADITIONS IN DEATH RITUALS WITHIN THE COMMUNITY OF PIDIE, ACEH, INDONESIA Abdul Manan; Muhammad Arifin
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 43, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v43i1.670

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Abstrak: Tradisi Kultural Kenduri Kematian dalam Masyarakat Pidie Aceh, Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat akulturasi budaya dan agama dalam ritual kematian di Aceh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji konsep tasawuf yang terkait dengan tradisi ini. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan dan datanya diperoleh melalui pengamatan yang cermat dari tindakan ritual dan diskusi mendalam dengan protagonis utama dari kinerja ritual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ritual setelah kematian di Aceh masih mengandung jejak warisan pra-Islam yang telah dibiakkan dengan ajaran Islam sehingga tidak melangar aturan Islam. Dalam ritual kematian ini, unsur-unsur pra-Islam, yang bertentangan dengan ajaran Islam, telah diganti dengan doa yang direkomendasikan dalam Islam. Akulturasi ini bermanfaat bagi kedua belah pihak. Masyarakat Aceh dapat terus menerapkan budaya warisan mereka, sementara Islam dapat berkembang tanpa ada kontradiksi dalam budaya lokal.Abstract: This study was conducted to look into the cultural and religious acculturation in the rituals of death in Aceh. It aims to examine the concepts of Sufism related to these traditions. This research is a field research and its data was obtained through meticulous observation of the ritual action and in-depth discussion with the main protagonists of the ritual performance. The results of the research shows that the rituals following a death in Aceh still bear traces of their pre-Islamic legacy, which has been acculturated with the teachings of Islam, so it does not break the rules of Islam. In these rituals for death, the pre-Islamic elements, which conflict with the Islamic creed, have been replaced with prayers, which are recommended in Islam. This acculturation is beneficial to both sides, in one hand the Acehnese people may continue to implement their inherited cultures, while Islam can thrive without having any contradictions within the local cultures on the other. Keywords: tradisi, ritual yang mengikuti kematian, akulturasi, Aceh, Indonesia