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INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 23389427 EISSN : 23389486 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy (ISSN-e: 2338-9486, ISSN-p: 2338-9427), formerly Majalah Farmasi Indonesia (ISSN: 0126-1037). The journal had been established in 1972, and online publication was begun in 2008. Since 2012, the journal has been published in English by Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Yogyakarta Indonesia in collaboration with IAI (Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia or Indonesian Pharmacist Association) and only receives manuscripts in English. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy is Accredited by Directorate General of Higher Education (DGHE) DIKTI No. 58/DIKTI/Kep/2013.

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Articles 706 Documents

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Effect of oral administration of mushroom Panaeolus infusion on motoric activity and curiousity of male mice Andreanus A. Soemardji; IG.N.A. Supradja
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 14 No 4, 2003
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The motoric activity and the curiosity tests on Swiss Webster male mice orally treated with infusion of mushroom panaeolus were studied. A 10% infusion of mushroom administered orally at the dose of 0.5; 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg of body weight showed to decrease in motoric activity and curiousity, but the decrease was less than that shown by diazepam with the dose 5 mg/kg body weight administered intraperitoneally.Keywords :Mushroom, Panaeolus, motoric activity, curiousity.

The influence of lactose and povidon on the formulation of tablet containing Kaempferia galanga L . extract by a wet granulation method Kuswahyuning, Rina; Soebagyo, Sri Sulihtyowati
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 16 No 2, 2005
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Increasing use of Kaempferia galanga L. (Kencur) as a traditional medicine needs the development of more practical dosage form e.g. tablets. This study was conducted to observe the infuence of lactose as a filler and Povidon as a binding agent to the physical properties of the granules and to determine the optimum tablet formula for Kaempferia galanga L. extract by a wet granulation method. The use of factorial design with 2 factors (lactose and Povidon) and 2 levels (lactose : low level = 300% and high level = 450% of the extract weight, respectively; Povidon : low level = 0.3% and high level = 3% of the extract weight, respectively), it needed four formulas to produce granules of the Kaempferia galanga L. extract. Each of the granules of Kaempferia galanga L. extract was produced by a wet granulation method and was dried at 40-60Â°C for 24 hours. Dry granules were tested on their properties of flowability, compactibillity and water uptake. Â Lactose significantly influenced the compactibillity and the water uptake, whereas Povidon significantly influenced the compactibillity, flowability and water uptake. Based on the contour plots of the physical properties of the granules and total responses, formula using 315% lactose and 2.98% Povidon of the extract weight, respectively, was chosen as the optimum tablet formula. Produced tablets had dark brown colour and weight uniformity with average weight of 373.60 Â± 0.63 mg, hardness of 2.18 Â± 0.192 kg, friability of 0.10 Â± 0.011%, and disintegration time of 4.43 Â± 0.147 minutes.Key words : Kaempferia galanga L. extract, tablet formula, lactose, Povidon

Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of leaves and bulbs of Crinum asiaticum L. against acne-inducing bacteria Azrifitria .; Syaikhul Aziz; Chairul .
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 21 No 4, 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of leaves and bulbs of Crinum asiaticum L. was tested against Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, pathogenic bacteria that cause acne. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were determined by dilution methods. MIC and MBC of ethanol leaves extract were found for P. acnes (1.25 and 2.5 mg/mL), S. aureus (5 and 10 mg/mL) and S. epidermidis (2.5 and 5 mg/mL). While MIC and MBC of ethanol bulbs extract were found for P. acnes (7.5 and 15 mg/mL), S. aureus (7.5 and 15 mg/mL) and S. epidermidis (3.75 and 7.5 mg/mL). Further study conducted on the ethanol leaves extract against P. acnes to analyze cell leakage (nucleic acid and protein) by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, metal ion (K+ and Ca2+) by atomic absorption spectrometry, and observed alteration of the cell wall by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The result showed that ethanol leaves extract could damage the cell wall and affect the permeability of cell membrane which marked by release of nucleic acid (absorbance 0.3307-0.4299), protein (absorbance 0.0616-0.101), ion K+ (8.167-15.757 mg/mL), ion Ca2+ (5.47-13.74 mg/L) from the cell and alter morphology of cell wall of P. acnes.Key words: Antibacterial, Crinum asiaticum L., Propionibacterium acnes

Liver and kidney histopathological test of mice received Pauh Kijang (Irvingia malayana Oliv ex A. Benn) extract Praptiwi .; Dewi Ratih Agungpriyono; Esti Rahayu
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 19 No 4, 2008
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The background of this study was to determine the safety of pauh kijang extract which is orally given to mice while the aim of the study was to evaluate the liver and kidney histopathological changes after receiving various dose of the extract mango (Irvingia malayana Oliv. Exe Benth.) ethanol extract. There were five group of treatments in this study : mice received extract with the concentration of (I) 1000mg /kg BW, (II)100 mg/kg BW, (III) 10 mg/kg BW, (IV) 1 mg/kg BW, and (V) received carboxy methyl cellulose-sodium (CMC-Na) as negative control. Each treatment consisted of five mice. After seven days of treatment, mice were sacrified. The liver and kidney were sampled and processed to prepare histopathology slides. The histopathology parameters were examined by counting the degeneration and necrotic cells of hepatocytes and renal epithelial tubule. The lesion of glomerulus such as atrophy and protein sedimentation were also observed. The result also showed that extract concentration of > 10 mg/kg BW result in damaging liver cells significantly, while kidney cell damage occurred significantly in the exposure of extract > 1 mg/kg BW.Key words : Irvingia malayana, liver, kidney

SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY EVALUATION OF ETHYL SALICYL FUMARATE AND ETHYL FURFURYL FUMARATE Jumina .; Iqbal Tahir; Abdul Karim Zulkarnain
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 13 No 4, 2002
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

This research was conducted in order to synthesize and investigate the antimicrobial activity of ethyl salicyl fumarate and ethyl furfuryl fumarate. These two target molecules were chosen as the former is the derivative of C-9154 antibiotic containing phenolic hydroxyl group, whereas the latter is an example of C-9154 antibiotic derivative bearing furan ring instead of benzene.Ethyl salicyl fumarate was synthesized from methyl salicylate through reduction with LiAlH4, condensation of salicyl alcohol with maleic anhydride, and esterification of salicyl maleic acid with ethanol in the presence of benzenesulfonic acid as the catalyst. These reactions gave satisfactory yields (76-92 %) in all steps involved. Similar to this procedure, ethyl furfuryl fumarate was prepared from furfural through reduction with NaBH4 followed by condensation of the resulted furfuryl alcohol with maleic anhydride and esterification of furfuryl maleic acid with ethanol in the presence of benzenesulfonic acid. Although the reduction of furfural and the condensation of furfuryl alcohol with maleic anhydride could be performed smoothly, the esterification of furfuryl maleic acid with ethanol only gave 38 % yield of ethyl furfuryl fumarate.The results of antimicrobial activity test showed that the value of minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of salicyl maleic acid and ethyl salicyl fumarate towards Staphyllococcus aureus were 500 and 100 μg/mL, whereas towards Eschericia coli were 2000 and 4000 μg/mL respectively. In contrast, the MIC values of furfuryl maleic acid and ethyl furfuryl fumarate towards Staphyllococcus aureus and Eschericia coli were 150 and 100 μg/mL respectively.Keywords: synthesis, activity, C-9154 antibiotic, fumarate

Freeze drying and calcining hydrotalcite for improving acid neutralizing capacity Deny Puriyani Azhary; Sundani Nurono Soewandhi; Saleh Wikarsa
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 21 No 1, 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) is one of the important factor on effectivity determination of antacid dosage forms. Antacid dosage forms have different values depend on their ANC. The objective of this research was to modified physical and chemical properties of hydrotalcite which can increase its acid neutralization capacity. Hydrotalcite was treated by freeze drying and calcination at different temperature 100, 200, 300, and 500°C. This hydrotalcite was characterized by X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM); and was determined acid neutralization capacity. The results showed that acid neutralization capacity of hydrotalcite increased after it was freeze dried and calcined at 200, 300 and 500 °C. The result of XRD for the hydrotalcite calcined at 200 °C have showed the lower intensity of peaks, whereas the calcination at 300 and 500 °C were disappeared and appeared new peaks at different 2θ.Key words: Acid neutralization capacity, hydrotalcite, calcination, XRD, SEM

PROTOPLAST SUSPENSION CULTURE OF LEAVES MESOPHYLOF Centella asiatica (L.) Urban AND QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS ASIATICOSIDE Prihastanti, Erma; Soegihardjo, C. J.; Purbaningsih, Susiani
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 12 No 1, 2001
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Centella asiatica leaves has been used as diuretic, antihypertensi, anti leprae, skin infection, burning skin and celloid. Cells suspenson culture of mesophyll of Centella asiatica leaves were carried out in three steps: isolation, purification, and cell culture. The aim of this research is to investigate the influences of leaves position (age of leaves) and concentration of macerozyme R-10 for cells number and viability, and the influence of sucrose concentration for cells growth and biosynthesis of asiaticoside. Isolation and purification of mesophyll cell has been performed using factorial completely randomized design. The first factor was leaf position (age of leaves), and the second factor was concentration of macerozyme. Collected data were analysed using Anova and Duncan’s test at 0.0 – 2.5 – 5.0 and 7.5 per cent respectively. Asiaticoside produced by cell biomass were analyzed qualitatively using thin layer chro- matography. The result revealed that mesophyll cells could be used as explant for suspension culture. The highest biomass produced with highest viability were found in cells isolated from second leaves treated with 0.1% macerozyme (1.32 . 107 cells/ml). Addition of sucrose to suspension culture medium produced higher packed cells volume (pcv) percentage than no sucrose was added, (0% sucrose gave pcv 8.5%, 2.5% sucrose pcv 22%, sucrose 5% pcv 21.5%, and 7.5% sucrose pcv 15.75%). The asiaticoside production not only depended on sucrose, because without any sucrose was added, the asiaticoside was also available..Key Words: Cell suspension culture, mesophyll, Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, asiaticoside

CHIRAL SEPARATION OF CETIRIZINE ENANTIOMERS BY CYCLODEXTRIN MEDIATED CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS Gabriel Hancu; Monica Budău; Lajos Attila Papp; Aura Rusu; Eleonora Mircia
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 25 No 4, 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Chiral separation cetirizine, a second generation H1 antagonist was studied by cyclodextrine (CD) mediated capillary electrophoresis. The influence on the separation of several parameters including pH and concentration of the background electrolyte (BGE), CD type and concentration, applied voltage and temperature were studied and the electrophoretic and analytic parameters were optimized. The best conditions for the chiral separation were obtained using 25mM disodium hydrogeno-phosphate – 25mM sodium didydrogeno-phosphate (1:1) as BGE, 5mM sulfobuthyl ether- β-CD as chiral selector, a voltage of + 20kV, temperature of 20°C, injection pressure/time of 50mbar/ 1sec, UV detection at 230nm. The analytical performance of the method was evaluated. The proposed method was successfully applied to the enantioselective assay of cetirizine in pharmaceutical formula-tions. CE proved to be a rapid, speciﬁc, reliable and cost-effective method for the chiral separation of cetirizine enantiomers and can be useful for laboratories performing routine analysis.

COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF OLD AND NEW POLYMORPHS OF DESVENLAFAXINE - AN ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUG Khandpekar, Mahendra
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 25 No 1, 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Desvenlafaxine succinate (pristiq) is an important non-hormonal drug used in the treatment of major depressive disorder and problems associated with menopause.This article summarizes the synthesis and investigation of new polymorphic form of Desmethylvenlafaxine. The new polymorph has been compared with the old polymorph using XRD, DSC, FTIR, SEM and HPLC techniques. Three prominent reflections with higher intensities lying at 20.3, 13.1 and 15.8 have been noted in the XRD measurements for the new polymorph. Higher intensity (XRD) peaks for the new polymorph indicates good crystalline quality. FTIR spectra shows close match between the polymorphs. DSC measurements show enhanced thermal stability for the new polymorph. Higher purity is indicated by the HPLC studies.Key words: desvenlafaxine, polymorphism, structure, crystalline, purity

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF GEDEBONG BERRIES (Piper aduncum L.) Yuliasri Jamal; Andria Agusta; Praptiwi .
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 14 No 1, 2003
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The distillation of dry powder of gedebong berries (Piper aduncum L.) resulted approximately 1.55% colorless essential oil. GC-MS analyses detected 63 components which consisted of 5.74 % monoterpene, 2.84 % monoterpene alcohol, 14.61 % sesquiterpene alcohol, 56.28 % phenyl propenoid and the other minor components about 20.35 %. Although the minor components were known as antibacterial agents, the overall essential oil did not show their activities againts pathogenic bacteria i.e. Klebseilla sp., Aeromonas hydrophilla, Pseudomonas pseudomalai, Pseudomonas aurogenusa, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhosa dan Streptococcus aureus.Keyword : Piper aduncum L., essential oil, antibacterial agent

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