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INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 23389427 EISSN : 23389486 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy (ISSN-e: 2338-9486, ISSN-p: 2338-9427), formerly Majalah Farmasi Indonesia (ISSN: 0126-1037). The journal had been established in 1972, and online publication was begun in 2008. Since 2012, the journal has been published in English by Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Yogyakarta Indonesia in collaboration with IAI (Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia or Indonesian Pharmacist Association) and only receives manuscripts in English. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy is Accredited by Directorate General of Higher Education (DGHE) DIKTI No. 58/DIKTI/Kep/2013.

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Articles 706 Documents

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PURIFICATION OF RIBOSOME-INACTIVATING PROTEIN (RIP) OF MIRABILIS JALAPA L. LEAVES BY CM-SEPHAROSE CL-6B AND SEPHACRYL S-300HR COLUMN Sudjadi .; Sismindari .; Tenti Herawati; Alberta Tri Prasetyowati
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 14 No 2, 2003
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Total protein of Mirabilis jalapa leaves has activities to cleave supercoiled DNA to nick circular and linear and to cleave glycosidic bound of adenin4324 of yeast 26S rRNA. The protein was cytotoxic on HeLa and Raji celllines through apoptosis and necrosis mechanisms, respectively. However, the protein, poseess the activities, has yet been resolved. Therefore, protein furification to obtain single protein is necessary. Crude extract of M.jalapa leaves was prepared using 5 mM sodium phosphate buffer pH 7,2 containing 0,14 M sodium chloride. Total protein was obtained by precipitating the extract at 100% saturated ammonium sulfate and then dialyzed against phosphate buffer. The protein was purified by CM-Sepharose CL-6B, a cation exchange column. After loading the protein, the column was washed with 5 mM sodium phosphate buffer pH 6,5. The proteins were then eluted with linear gradient of increasing sodium chloride concentration. The fraction with supercoiled DNA-cutting activity was performed for N-glycosidase activity. The active fraction was a subject for further purification with Sephacryl S-300HR, a gel filtration column. The purity and size protein were confirmed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with silver nitrate staining. RIP like protein was eluted from CM-Sepharose CL-6B on 0,25 – 0,3 M sodium chloride. The size of protein is around 30 kD.Key words : RIP purification, M.jalapa leaves, CM-Sepharose CL-6B, Sephacryl S-300HR

DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF CAFFEINE LOADED NATURAL GUM MATRIX TABLET Jain, Nidhi; Kumar, Divya; Gulati, Neha; Nagaich, Upendra
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Vol 24 No 1, 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The present research work was carried out to develop sustained release tablets of caffeine using natural matrix former (tragacanth) and different filling polymers like hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC K15M) and ethyl cellulose (EC). Caffeine was used as model drug. The polymers and tragacanth gum were incorporated in varying ratios into a matrix system using wet granulation technique. All the lubricated formulations were compressed into tablets and evaluated for various physicochemical properties such as thickness, hardness, friability, weight variation, drug content and in vitro drug release studies. From the investigation it was observed that increase in the amount of gum tragacanth (from F1 to F5) led to reduced friability, increased hardness and retarded drug release. Different filling polymers also sustained the drug release. The in vitro drug release data were tted in various release kinetics models to understand th mechanism of drug release. All solid matrix formulations were found to follow Higuchi kinetics, indicating the diffusional release of drug from the matrix type system. The Formulation F5 containing highest amount of gum tragacanth have shown promising results. The findings of the current investigation clearly indicate the potential of tragacanth gum to be used as release retardant and natural matrix material in sustained release formulations. Key words: Sustained release, Matrix tablets, Tragacanth, Caffeine.

Immunostimulant activity of soybean milk against immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA) and lymphocyte cells proliferation of Balb/c mice induced hepatitis A Ediati Sasmito; Sri Mulyaningsih; Eka Kartika Untari; Ratna Widyaningrum
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 17 No 3, 2006
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Soybean milk contains of isoflavon aglycon as genestein and rich of proteins. The genestein of soybean milk potentially has antitumor/anticancer, antivirus, antiallergic activities and immunity responses. The aim of this research was to evaluate the immunostimulant activity of soybean milk against immunoglobulin (IgG and IgA) and lymphocyte cells proliferation in Balb/c mice induced by hepatitis A. The test was done at 3 groups of 5 Balb/c mice. Each group was consummed orally with soybean milk(group I) dose of 0.7mL/20g/BW, levamisole (group II, as positif control) dose of 0,45 mg/0.7mL/20g/BW, and water (group III, as negative control) dose of 0.7mL/20g/BW, once a day, through out of the research. On the day of 7, 28 and boostered on the day of 43, all groups were induced intra peritoneally by hepatitis A dose of 5.24 IU/20g/BW. The serum were collected from plexus retroorbitalis by heparinized cappilary on the day of 14, 35 and 46, for IgG and IgA measured by ELISA method, and then the mice were sacrificed to isolate the lymphocytes of spleen. The lymphocyte cells proliferation measured by MTT-reduction method. The result shown that IgG and IgA increased significantly (p<0,05) against levamisole and water at the day-46, but did not increase significantly (p>0,05) against lymphocyte cells proliferation concerning with soybean milk consumed. It can be concluded that the immunostimulatory activity soybean milk was against humoral immunity, instead of seluler immunity.Key words : soybean milk, immunoglobulin, lymphocyte cells, hepatitis A, levamisole

Chemopreventive effect of ethanolic extract of Gynura procumbens (Lour), Merr on the carcinogenesis of Rat breast cancer development Meiyanto, Edy; Susilowati, Sri; Tasminatun, Sri; Murwanti, Retno; ., Sugiyanto
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Vol 18 No 3, 2007
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Gynura procumbens (Lour) Merr., empirically, used to prevent cancer development and has been proven to be able to suppress lung cancer development. The aim of this research is to examine the potential of ethanolic extract of G. procumbens to suppress DMBA-induced breast cancer development. Sprague Dawly Rats were used in this research and were grouped as indicated treatment. Ethanolic extract of G. procumbens was administered into 3 levels of doses, namely 250, 500, and 750 mg/kgBW. Tumor development was examined by palpation every week and terminated at week 16th after the end of DMBA treatment. The result showed that extract treatment at the dose of 250, 500, and 750 mg/kgBW reduced tumor incidence by 60%, 30 %, and 20 % respectively. The doses of 500 and 750 mg/kgBW exhibited strong suppression of tumor multiplicity, where as the dose of 250 performed less potential suppression. In conclusion, ethanolic extract of G. procumbens performs chemopreventive effect to suppress breast cancer development at the dose of 250 mg/kgBW.Key words : chemopreventive, Gynura procumbens (Lour) Merr, breast cancer.

Identification and determination of traditional medicinal plants of Southeast Sulawesi People at Arboretum Prof. Mahmud Hamundu Haluoleo University Ruslin .; Sahidin I
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 19 No 2, 2008
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Seventeen traditional medicinal plants of South East Sulawesi are collected at Arboretum Prof. Mahmud Hamundu Universitas Haluoleo, have been determined successfully by Herbarium Bogoriense staffs, Cibinong Bogor. The plants came from Konawe and KonaweSelatan districts. Endemicity of those plants as medicinal plants were based on ethnobotanical study using information from “Tokoh Masyarakat Tolaki” and “Tokoh Masyarakat Jawa”. Collected traditional medicinal plants at those places, but have not known in Java, are assumed as specialized plants of Tolakinese. All of the plants were determined at Herbarium Bogoriense. Moreover, detailed study of those plants including biology, chemistry and pharmacy aspects were done by electronically literatures study using science direct programmed. According to the literatures, Sterculea cf. oblongata R.Br. and Talinum triangulare Willd have not been reported the research yields. Key words: Traditional medicinal plants, Konawe, Konawe Selatan, and Tolakinese.

Camphor, one of the essential oil constituent of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Rhizome from medicinal plant garden PT. Nyonya Meneer, Karangjati ., Sudarsono
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 15 No 4, 2004
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

“Empon-empon” has been used as a raw material in most indonesian traditional medicine. Generally many of the indonesian traditional medicine consist of wild Curcuma species. Quality aspect of indonesian traditional medicine for its development in the future is needed. Consistency of the quality of the raw materials are becoming important to support product quality of traditional medicine. Wild raw materials are usually used as a indonesian traditional medicine, therefore the active substance or a charactistic metabolite in medicinal plant is one of the important thing to be found. Xanthorrhizol is one of the essential oil components of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. It has an affect on bile fluid secretion. Pure Xanthorrhizol as reference substance is still quite expensive. The aim of this research is to find out essential oil components that can be isolated. Steam destillation was used to isolate the essential oil, and the components of the essential oil was separated using column chromatography and thin layer chromatography. The identification of the isolated essential oil component was done by gas chromatography. Camphora is one of the Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. essential oil that could be isolated in crystallin form.Key words: Camphora; essential oil; Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb

EFFECT OF ASPIRIN ON RAT LIVER CLASS- GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE ACTIVITY Enade Perdana Istyastono; Sudibyo Martono; Supardjan A.M.
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 13 No 2, 2002
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp71-76

Inflammation is the response of living tissues caused by injury. It involves a complex battery of enzyme activation, mediator release, extravasation of fluid, cell migration, tissue breakdown and repair. Inflammation mediator is synthesized in the body by several steps and catalyzed by several enzymes, such as cyclooxygenase and class- glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) in the cyclooxygenase arachidonic acid cascade. Aspirin, which has been reported as an inhibitor to inflammation mediator synthesis in the cyclooxygenase arachidonic acid cascade, is a non-steroid anti-inflammatory agent. The aim of this research is to study the effect of aspirin on rat liver class- GST activity in vitro. GSTs were isolated from the rat liver cytosolic fraction by centrifugation according to Lundgren. Protein concentration in the cytosol was determined spectrophotometrically using bovine serum albumin as a standard. The GST activity was determined using conjugation reaction rate between glutathione (GSH) and 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene (DCNB), followed by determining IC50 of aspirin. Then, a study was done to determine the ability of aspirin in inhibition of the rat liver class- GST activity in vitro. It can be concluded that aspirin has no inhibitory effect on rat liver class- GST activity.Key word: Aspirin, anti-inflammatory, glutathione S-transferase.

Effect of aspirin on pi-class of rat kidney glutathione S-transferase activity Yuniarti, Nunung; Martono, Sudibyo; A.M., Supardjan
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Vol 16 No 2, 2005
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The nonsteroids antiinflammatory compounds like curcumin and its analogues, indomethacine, and sulfasalazin have been reported to have an inhibitory effect on GST activity on an in vitro study. The aim of this research is to find out the effect of aspirin on pi-class of rat kidney GST activity in vitro using ethacrynic acid (EA) as a specific substrate for its GST class.Glutathione activity can be measured by conjugating GSH and EA catalyzed with GST. The product can be measured spectrophotometrically to result in a rate (Î absorption/min). With the same method, aspirin was added as an inhibitor. Decreasing conjugation product indicated that there was an inhibitory activity of aspirin.The aspirin inhibitory activity using EA and CDNB (1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene) as substrates are 9,090% (Extrapolated IC50 6665,03 Î¼M) and 14,087% (Extrapolated IC50 4102,0 Î¼M), respectively. These results have shown that aspirin can not inhibit pi-class of rat kidney cytosolic GST activity using EA and CDNB (1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene) as substrates.Key words: aspirin, GSTP, kidney.

Effects of brown algae extract to function of aorta endothelium cell in diabetic rats Muhamad Firdaus; Made Astawan; Deddy Muchtadi; Tutik Wresdiyati; Sarwono Waspadji; Setyawati S. K.
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 21 No 3, 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Macro and microvascular disease are currently the principal causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetes mellitus patients. Loss of the modulatory role of the endothelium may be a critical and initiating factor in the development of diabetic vascular disease. Polyphenol is known behave protective active compound to function endothelium cell. Polyphenol that contained in brown algae was phlorotannin. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of S. echinocarpum extract on endothelial dysfunction in aorta of streptozotocin diabetic rats. This experiment was conducted by complete randomized design in 2 months old of male albino Sprague Dawley strain of rats, 125-150 grams body weight. The rats divided in fivegroups, each group consist of 6 rats. First group: normal which is given 1 mL of extract vehicle orally; second group: diabetic rats which is given 1 mL of extract vehicle orally; third group: diabetic rats which is treated extract 150 mg/kg BW dose orally; fourth group: diabetic rats which is treated extract 300 mg/kg BW dose orally; and fifth group: diabetic rats which is treated extract 450 mg/kg BW orally. Diabetic rats prepared by injection of 45 mg/kg streptozotocin intraperitoneally. Extract was given to diabetic rats during 90 days. The result showed that brown algae extract rearrange endothelium cell function of diabetic rats by increasing relaxation, releasing of EDRF and decreasing of MDA. Based on these observations, it was concluded that S. echinocarpum extract recovers the endothelial dysfunction associated with diabetes. This effect appears to be due to its antioxidant properties.Key words: diabetes, EDRF, endothelial dysfunction, MDA, S. Echinocarpum

APPLICATION OF MONTMORILLONITE, ZEOLITE AND HYDROTALCITE NANOCOMPOSITE CLAYS-DRUG AS DRUG CARRIER OF SUSTAINED RELEASE TABLET DOSAGE FORM Ainurofiq, Ahmad
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 25 No 3, 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Captopril is an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor asÂ antihypertensive treatment with half-life about 2h. Development of sustained-release dosage form can maintenance the drug concentration at therapeutic window in long period of time with constant release. Montmorillonite, zeolite and hydrotalcite nano-composites were used as drug carrier as sustained release dosage form. This study aimed to determine the drug release from nanocomposite of montmorillonite-drug, zeolite-drug and hydro-talcite-drug. Nanocomposite drug and carriers were made with the model drug was dispersed in carrier with matrix system. Matrices used montmorillonite, zeolite and hydrotalcite with concentrations of 20%, 30% and 40%. Characterization of matrices were done by testing the physical properties of the granules and drug release. Dissolution test using apparatus II USP model with speed rotation of 50rpm of, 900mL of HCl 0.1N as medium. The results were compared statistically with one way ANOVA 95% of interval confidence. The results showed that the difference of matrices and concentrations gave the difference effect in flow time, compact-tibility, DE360, initial burst release and maintenance release (p<0.05). Nanocomposites between drug and nanoclays occurred after 60min were shown with decreasing the drug release rate. Nanocomposite was formed with the drug molecules adsorb on nanoporous of carrier material. Increasing of clays concentration improved the fluidity and compactibility, reduced the drug release.

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