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<![CDATA[Compliance of Pharmacy Service Standards at The Phcussia of Banjarmasin City ]]>
<![CDATA[Nufus, Hayatun]]>;
<![CDATA[Aryzki, Saftia]]>;
<![CDATA[Malahayati, Siti]]>;
<![CDATA[Kurniawati, Darini]]>
<![CDATA[ Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat ]]>
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DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i2.20596
<![CDATA[Pharmaceutical work carried out in the acquisition, production, distribution and maintenance of drugs must be carried out by health workers who have the appropriate knowledge and authority for that. Based on the description above, researchers are very interested in knowing whether or not there is a conformity of pharmaceutical service activities in all Banjarmasin city health centers based on Permenkes RI No. 26 of 2020 related to Pharmaceutical Service Standards. The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability of Pharmaceutical Services at public health center in Banjarmasin City against Permenkes No. 26 of 2020 concerning Pharmaceutical Service Standards at public health center. The research design method used is observation, namely making direct observations accompanied to obtain information on the Management of Pharmaceutical Supplies and Consumable Medical Materials, as well as Clinical Pharmacy Services. There are 26 health centers in Banjarmasin City. All health centers have met the suitability of pharmaceutical preparation management and Medical Consumables (BMHP) in accordance with the Minister of Health Regulation No. 26 of 2020. However, 10 public health center in Banjarmasin City have not met the requirements of clinical pharmacy services, such as Counseling, Monitoring Drug Side Effects, Monitoring Drug Therapy, and Evaluating Drug Use. This is influenced by limited human resources at these health centers. 26 health centers in Banjarmasin City are appropriate in managing pharmaceutical preparations and Consumable Medical Materials (BMHP) and 16 health centers are appropriate in implementing clinical pharmacy services.]]>
<![CDATA[The Relationship Between C-Reactive Protein and Hemoglobin Levels with The Death of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Routine Hemodialysis Confirmed to Covid 19 at Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin ]]>
<![CDATA[Syahputra, Harry Andhika]]>;
<![CDATA[Rudiansyah, Mohammad]]>;
<![CDATA[Fajari, Nanang Miftah]]>;
<![CDATA[Abimanyu, Abimanyu]]>;
<![CDATA[Djallalludin, Djallalludin]]>
<![CDATA[ Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat ]]>
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DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i2.20565
<![CDATA[COVID-19 mortality is much higher in members of the population with multiple co-morbidities. Anemia is independently associated with all-cause mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels are increased in patients with renal failure and are an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality. This study used an observational case-control method. Data were taken consecutively using medical records of patients who died as a case group and lived as a control group with chronic kidney disease who underwent routine HD confirmed with COVID-19 at Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin. The number of subjects in this study was 92 patients. High CRP levels (>30 mg/L) significantly increased the risk of death by 4 times (OR 4.330; 95% CI 1.800-10.416; p = 0.001). Low hemoglobin levels (<10 g/dl) did not affect mortality in routine hemodialysis patients infected with COVID-19 (OR 0.643; 95% CI 0.281-1.471; p = 0.294). An increased CRP in COVID-19 patients is thought to indicate extensive inflammation in the infected lungs, then the condition of CKD patients undergoing routine hemodialysis with compromised immunity increases the risk of severity and mortality in this population. There is an effect of CRP levels on death from COVID-19 in Chronic Kidney Disease patients undergoing routine hemodialysis at Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin.]]>
<![CDATA[Differences in Pain Intensity with Distraction and Relaxation Techniques with Infusation in Childhood 6-12 Year ]]>
<![CDATA[Saharullah, Saharullah]]>;
<![CDATA[Syarif, Isymiarni]]>;
<![CDATA[Saleh, Ariyanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Erika, Kadek Ayu]]>
<![CDATA[ Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat ]]>
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DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i2.20582
<![CDATA[Infusion is a nursing action that is carried out by inserting fluids into the veins for a long time and using an infusion set infusion, an action that is often done in hospitals and has a high risk of anxiety and discomfort. Pain is an unpleasant experience caused by actual or potential tissue damage. Aims: the purpose of this study was to determine the difference in the intensity of pain infusion with distraction and relaxation techniques in children aged 6-12 years at Labuang Baji Hospital Makassar. The type of research used is pre-experimental design: post-test only design, namely by providing intervention/treatment and then seeing the results. researchers provided treatment non farmakologi the form of distraction and relaxation techniques for infusion. The population in this study were 30 child respondents. Collecting data by distributing questionnaires/observations. The analysis of this study used the chi-square test. Infusion is an invasive action that is carried out by inserting fluids into the veins for a long time, an action that is often done in hospitals and has a high risk of anxiety and discomfort. Pain is an unpleasant experience caused by actual or potential tissue damage. There is no significant difference in the effect of pain with distraction techniques and relaxation techniques on children 6-12 years old at Labuan Baji Hospital Makassar with p value = 0.757 greater than = 0.005.]]>
<![CDATA[Psoriasis and Cardiovascular Disease: A Literature Review of Relationships and Causes ]]>
<![CDATA[Amatillah, Athiyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Hayunanto, Bambang Dwi]]>;
<![CDATA[Halim, Alviannur]]>
<![CDATA[ Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat ]]>
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DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i2.20597
<![CDATA[Psoriasis and cardiovascular disease share a complex interrelation mediated by chronic inflammation. Epidemiological data reveal higher cardiovascular risks in psoriasis patients, including diabetes and atherosclerosis. Pathophysiologically, inflammatory cytokines play a pivotal role. Genetic, lifestyle, and psychological factors exacerbate this link. Anti-inflammatory therapies, notably TNF-α inhibitors, demonstrate potential in mitigating cardiovascular risk. However, pharmacotherapy selection necessitates cautious consideration, especially regarding biologic agents' impact on cardiovascular health. Management entails tailored approaches ranging from topical treatments to biologics, adjusted to disease severity and individual response. Understanding this relationship fosters personalized treatment strategies. Further research is imperative for validation and deeper mechanistic insights, enhancing prevention and management paradigms for affected individuals.]]>
<![CDATA[Risk Factors of Bacterial Contamination on Healthcare Workers’ Smartphone ]]>
<![CDATA[Kurniawan, Muhammad]]>;
<![CDATA[Aditami, Fakikha]]>
<![CDATA[ Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat ]]>
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DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i2.20573
<![CDATA[Smartphone is a rapidly growing communication and information technology. Smartphone has many advantages for healthcare workers in terms of communication and information access. Smartphones that are contaminated by bacteria carry significant risk for patients in hospital. Smartphone users’ behavior is considered a factor that predisposes contamination of bacteria on the smartphones. The reasearch need to be done to investigate factors affecting bacterial contamination on healthcare workers’ smartphones. This was an observational analytic study conducted using cross-sectional design. This study was conducted at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital on April until June 2018. Study participants included 94 healthcare workers at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital who met inclusion criteria, namely those who had and brought their smartphones. Each participant was asked to fill a questionnaire. Each smartphone was swabbed to obtain sample for culture with TSA medium, subsequently incubated at 37oC for 24 hours followed by gram staining. Data analysis was conducted using Chi Square or Fisher test. The results showed that 86.2% of healthcare workers used smartphone more than three times during work hours at hospital, 85.1% did not use smartphone during physical examination or therapeutic intervention, 73.4% did not clean their smartphone everyday, and 87.2% smartphone were contaminated by bacteria showing the morphology of gram negative bacilli and gram positive cocci. There was no significant influence of frequency of smartphone use at hospital (p=1.000), using smartphone during physical examination or therapeutic intervention (p=0.686), and cleaning smartphone everyday (p=1.000) on bacterial contamination on healthcare workers’ smartphones. In conclusion, 87.2% of healthcare workers’ smartphones were contaminated by bacteria. Frequency of smartphone use at hospital, smartphone use during physical examination or therapeutic intervention, and cleaning smartphone everyday did not affect bacterial contamination over healthcare workers’ smartphones.]]>
<![CDATA[Raphanus Sativus Leaves Ethanol Extract’s Effect on Heart Muscle’s Nuclear Factor Kappa B in Diabetic Rats ]]>
<![CDATA[Hendrawati, Asri]]>;
<![CDATA[Djunet, Nur Aini]]>
<![CDATA[ Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat ]]>
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DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i2.20583
<![CDATA[Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia increases oxidative stress that damage cells including in heart muscle. Oral hypoglycemic drugs cant reduce the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) which plays an important role in inflammation and cell damage. Radish leaves (Raphanus sativus) are known to have compounds that can reduce the expression of NFkB.This study aimed to determine the effect of radish leaves on the expression of NFkB in heart muscle. The study design was an experimental laboratory post-test control group design. The subjects were DM male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), weight 150-300 grams, 3-4 months old. Rats were divided into four groups and took the treatment orally for 28 days. The 1st group got plain water. The 2nd group got glibenclamide 5 mg/kg BW/day. The 3rd and 4th groups got 50% and 100% ethanol extract of radish leaves. After the end of treatment, the heart's tissue was taken for immunohistochemical (IHC) staining to measure the proportion of NFkB. The intervention of ethanol extract of radish leaves 50% and 100% for 28 days reduced the percentage of NFkB in the heart muscle cell of rats than placebo and glibenclamide 5 mg/kg BW ((p=0.000). There was no difference between radish leaf extract concentration of 50% and 100% for 28 days in reducing the expression level of NFkB in the heart muscle cell of rats (p=0.876).This research has not been done before and is important for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in the future.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effects of Cayenne Pepper Juice (Capsicum frutescens L.) on Decreasing the Number of Goblet Cells in the Small Intestine Mucosa of Rats ]]>
<![CDATA[Usman, Sherly]]>;
<![CDATA[Makiyah, Sri Nabawiyati Nurul]]>;
<![CDATA[Danantika, Wiriasti]]>
<![CDATA[ Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat ]]>
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DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i2.20578
<![CDATA[Cayenne pepper contains capsaicin and irritates the mucous of the digestive tract. Goblet cells play a role in mucosal defense because they produce mucin. In previous research, cayenne pepper juice caused gastric mucosal damage and improve at certain doses. This Research is a continuation of previous research, which was to determine the effect of cayenne pepper on the number of goblet cells of the small intestine mucosa of rats and is additional material for the development of therapy for digestive disorders. An experimental study with a post-test only and control group design, used 20 male rats, divided into 1 control (K) and 4 treatment groups (C45, C90, D135, and E180). Cayenne pepper juice was given according to the dose of the group using a gastric probe for 6 days. On the 7th day, the small intestine was taken and processed on histological preparation. Microscopic observations of goblet cells counted on average every 100 epithelia in 20 villi in 15 fields of view and the mean number was tested by One Way ANOVA and Post Hoc test. Analysis showed a significantly different mean number of goblet cells between groups (p<0.05), the highest was in the C135 (34.100 ± 1.274), the lowest mean was in the K (12.050 ± 0.462), and there was a decrease in the mean number in the C180 (28.525 ± 2.309). Cayenne pepper juice had effected the highest increase in the number of goblet cells at a dose of 135 mg and decreased at the dose of 180 mg of cayenne pepper in the small intestine of rats. ]]>
<![CDATA[Description of Orthopaedic Trauma and Non-Trauma Cases in Emergency Unit of RSUD H. Boejasin 2017–2022 ]]>
<![CDATA[Pratama, Yudha]]>;
<![CDATA[Iqbal, Muhammad]]>;
<![CDATA[‘Addawani, Musyaffa]]>
<![CDATA[ Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat ]]>
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DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i2.20594
<![CDATA[Orthopedic cases are still considered as the biggest cause of mortality and morbidity in developing countries. An understanding of epidemiology, expected to help related parties to plan better management. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of trauma and non-traumatic cases in orthopedics. This research is a retrospective descriptive study. Data collection was carried out retrospectively from the medical records of orthopedic patients admitted to Emergency Department of H. Boejasin Hospital from 2017-2022. There were 137 samples that met the inclusion criteria. A total of 128 patients (93.43%) were categorized as trauma and 9 patients (6.56%) were non-trauma. Orthopedic patients are dominated by males with age in the range of 18-60 years, namely 84 patients (61.32%). 77 patients (56.20%) used BPJS as financing. Trauma is the most frequent cause of patients being brought to the emergency department, which is dominated by men of reproductive age. Health insurance plays an important role in helping patients pay for treatment.]]>
<![CDATA[The Utility of Alvarado Score, RIPASA Score, NLR, and PLR for Predicting Acute Appendicitis ]]>
<![CDATA[Halim, Sanjaya]]>;
<![CDATA[Parinding, Imanuel Taba]]>
<![CDATA[ Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat ]]>
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DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i2.20575
<![CDATA[Acute appendicitis requires fast and precise diagnosis. Delay in diagnosis will increase the risk of complications, as well as morbidity and mortality. Modalities such as ultrasound or CT scan are not always available. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Alvarado score, RIPASA score, NLR and PLR to predict the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in a type C Hospital. This research is an observational analytic study using a cross-sectional approach, from medical records. The diagnosis is made by surgeon based on clinical, laboratory, imaging findings, then confirmed by surgery and histopathology. From a total of 32 patients, there were 21 patients (66%) with a final diagnosis of acute appendicitis, and 11 patients (34%) with a final diagnosis of non-acute appendicitis. Alvarado score ³7 has an AUC value of 81.6%, with a sensitivity of 57.14%, a specificity of 81.82%. RIPASA score ³7.5 has an AUC value of 84.6% with a sensitivity of 80.95%, a specificity of 81.82%. NLR with a cut-off value of >4.49 can be used to detect acute appendicitis, and a cut-off value of >9.13 for perforated appendicitis. PLR with a cut-off value of >172.2 can be used to detect perforated appendicitis.]]>
<![CDATA[Perceptions of Higher Education Students in South Africa towards Online Teaching and Learning during COVID-19 Pandemic ]]>
<![CDATA[Ramotshwane, Malebye Wilson Plaatjie]]>;
<![CDATA[Sam, Ntuli Thembelihle]]>;
<![CDATA[Matshonisa, Seeletse Solly]]>
<![CDATA[ Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat ]]>
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DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i2.20595
<![CDATA[This study evaluates how students view online teaching and learning during COVID- Pandemic. A cross-sectional descriptive survey of University of Technology (UT) students at the Ga-Rankuwa Campus was conducted. Data were gathered from 295 students using a self-administered questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics. Prior to the pandemic, 25.1% of the students used online learning platforms for at least six hours; however, during the pandemic, 53.6% of the students did so (p<0.001). Students said that learning online was interesting (54.9%) and fun (55.1%) and allowed them to ask questions (59.4%). About 62% found teachers to be well prepared for the lessons. Over half (56.5%) of the pupils thought they were ready for their careers. Benefits of online learning included not having to travel, saving money, allowing students to learn at their own pace, and increased comfort; drawbacks included the need for an internet connection, a lack of gadgets, and interruptions from family. Students find online learning to be convenient, efficient, entertaining, and engaging. The absence of electronics, erratic Internet connections, and family distractions were experienced.]]>
