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JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA

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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 08544425 EISSN : 2338834X DOI : -

Core Subject : Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 847 Documents

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Isolasi dan Seleksi Bacillus sp. dari Ikan Lele (Clarias sp.) serta Potensinya sebagai Probiotik ., Hamtini; ., Widanarni; Meryandini, Anja
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 1 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

The aims of this study was to isolate and select Bacillus from the gut of catfish as probiotic candidates in the fish feed production. Isolation was conducted by heating samples at 80 ÃÂ°C for 10-15 minutes using Triptone Soy Agar (TSA) media which have been added with 1% skim milk for proteolytic activity and 1% starch for amylolytic activity. Selection was conducted based on pathogenicity test, antibiotic susceptibility test and total suspended solids. Isolate that have ability to degrade feed would be made the growth curves, analysis of protease and amilase activites and also combination of bacteria isolate with feed. Selected isolates as candidate probiotic were identified furthermore using 6S-rRNA gene. Among 16 isolates, there were 7 isolates that have gamma hemolytic activity (PTB 1.1, PTB 1.2, PTB 1.4, PTB 1.7, STB 1.6, STB 1.1 and STB 2.1). Antibiotic susceptibility test showed that 3 isolates were sensitive to the tested antibiotics (PTB 1.4, PTB 1.7 and STB 1.6). These three selected isolates were tested for their ability to degrade fish feed. PTB 1.4 isolate was able to degrade the feed with the smallest residue on the filter paper (0.0068 g). PTB 1.4 isolate also has proteolytic and amylolytic index of 0.61 and 0.60, respectively. Amylase activity of PTB 1.4 isolate added with 1.2% feed reached the highest peak in 120-hour of observation time (0.399 ÃÂµ/mL) and the highest protease activity was in 72-hour of observation time (6.595ÃÂ ÃÂµ/mL). PTB 1.4 isolate has the ability to degrade the feed with the amount of 106 CFU/mL inoculum. Based on 16S-rRNA gene sequences isolate PTB 1.4 was 99% homolog with Bacillus megaterium. Isolation and selection of probiotic candidate from Clarias sp. get PTB 1.4 was a best isolate that there were not pathogenic, sensitive to antibiotic test, had protease and amilase activities. PTB 1.4 isolate had capability to degrade the feed.ÃÂ Keywords: Bacillus, Clarias sp., probiotic, feedÃÂ

Performa Pertumbuhan Kukang Jawa (Nycticebus javanicus E. Geoffroy,1812) yang Diberi Tambahan Biskuit dan Monkey Chow dalam Pakan Farida, Wartika Rosa; Astuti, Wulansih Dwi; Sari, Andri Permata
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 10, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Biologi Indonesia
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v10i2.2109

This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of biscuits and monkey chow in the feed to the growthperformance of java slow loris (Nycticebus javanicus E. Geoffroy, 1812). Research has been conducted in CaptivitySmall Mammals, Zoology Division, Research Center for Biology - LIPI for 52 days consisted of a 10 days period offeed adaptation and 42 days (6 weeks) period of data collection. The material used is six java slow loris aged 1 - 1,5years consisted of three males and three females. Alternative feed given during the study were banana (Musa sp.),papaya (Carica papaya), fuji apple (Malus domestica), pear (Pyrus amygdaliformis), guava (Psidium guajava),cucumber (Cucumis sativus), sweet potato (Ipomea batatas), boiled quail eggs, biscuits sprinkled with sugar, monkeychow, crickets, and mealworm. Parameters measured were feed intake, body weight gain, feed efficiency, and totaldigestible nutrients (TDN). The data were analyzed using analysis of variance, followed by Duncans multiplerange test. The results showed the average of dry matter intake in PII (45.89 g / head / day) was significantly higher(P <0.05) than that in PI (43.19 g / head / day) and P0 (42,17g / head / day. The average of body weight gain ofslow loris in PI> PII> P0, namely respectively 3.49 g / head / day, 3.41 g / head / day, and 3.15 g / head / day,while the feed efficiency in the treatment PI> P0> PII, respectively 8.20%, 7.47%, and 7.44%. The average oftotal digestible nutrients (TDN) of slow loris in PI (96.33%) was significantly higher (P <0.05) than that in PII(92.91%) and P0 (85.50%). The data of nutrient consumption can be used as a basis for the preparation of rationsand feed for slow loris in captivity.Key words: growth, feed efficiency, Nycticebus javanicus, captive breeding

Javan Leaf Monkey (Trachypithecus auratus) Movement in a Fragmented Habitat, at Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, East Java, Indonesia Subarkah, M.Hari
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 7, No 2 (2011): J. Biol. Indon. Vol 7, No.2 (2011)
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (21.47 KB)

Pergerakan Lutung budeng (Trachypithecus auratus) didaerah habitat terfragmentasi TamanNasional Bromo Tengger Semeru, Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Pergerakan lutung budeng didaerah habitat terfragmentasi diamati dengan metode transek. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwaada empat kelompok masing masing beranggotakan 12 (grup A), 16 (grup B), 15 (grup C) dan12 lutung (grup D). Penelitian yang dilakukan disekitar hunian penduduk, jalan, hutanterdegradasi dan jalan-jalan setapak mengindikasikan bahwa lutung dalam aktivitas hariannyamemerlukan waktu 32,82% diantaranya digunakan untuk makan, 30,97% untuk istirahat dansisanya 31,79 untuk pergerakan perpindahan. Lutung dalam aktivitasnya 50,53% menggunakanwilayah puncak kanopi tumbuhan, 41,99%menggunakan kanopi tumbuhan bagian tengah danhanya 2,49 % yang menggunakan kanopi bawah.

Penggunaan Ruang oleh Beruang Madu di Areal Konservasi IUPHHK-HTI PT. RAPP Estate Meranti Gusnia, Nur Anita; Kartono, Agus Priyono; Arief, Harnios
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 9, No 2 (2013): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Keberadaan beruang madu (Helarctos malayanus Raffles 1821) di Indonesia dapat ditemukan di Pulau Sumatera danKalimantan. Beruang madu mengalami berbagai ancaman populasi dan habitat baik yang terjadi secara alami maupunakibat manusia. Upaya konservasi yang dilakukan perlu didukung oleh informasi ilmiah mengenai keberadaanpopulasi dan kondisi habitat yang sesuai bagi spesies tersebut sehingga dapat disusun suatu strategi pengelolaan yangefektif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keberadaan beruang madu di Estate Meranti,penggunaan ruang beruang madu dan faktor dominan habitat penduga keberadaan beruang madu di Estate Meranti.Metode penelitian yaitu analisis vegetasi, transek jalur, observasi lapang dan pemetaan diagram profil habitat.Keberadaan beruang madu diketahui melalui perjumpaan tidak langsung. Beruang madu menggunakan ruang baikpada tipe vegetasi hutan tiang tinggi (TPF) maupun transisi dengan gambut (TRF). Vegetasi yang dijadikan tempatberaktivitas yaitu pohon dengan ketinggian rata-rata 20 m dan diameter rata-rata 51 cm. Komponen habitat yangpaling berpengaruh terhadap keberadaan beruang madu yaitu kerapatan vegetasi, penutupan tajuk rata-rata, jumlahjenis pohon dan pohon pakan serta jumlah individu pohon dan pohon pakan.Kata kunci: beruang madu, Estate Meranti, faktor dominan, penggunaan ruang.

Pembentukan dan Penampilan Pisang Rejang Hibrid Triploid Hasil Persilangan Pisang Rejang Mixoploid Dengan Pisang Rejang Diploid Poerba, Yuyu S.; Witjaksono, Witjaksono; Handayani, Tri
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 12, No 1 (2016): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v12i1.2308

Induction of tetraploid from diploid bananas often producing mixoploid plants.Characters of the mixoploidplant is similar to those of tetraploid plants. In this research mixoploid banana cultivar Rejang was crossed withdiploid Rejang to produce triploid hybrid Rejang. Triploid banana is one of plant breeding target because of itsbest vigor and productivity compared to diploid or tetraploid banana. 570 crosses were conducted withmixoploid Rejang as female parents and diploid Rejang as male parents. Out of 570 crosses, 130 hybrid seedswere produced. However, only 19 seeds (14.61%) contained embryos, and only two embryos were developedinto shoots. The two genotypes of developed embryos were then in-vitro propagated and planted in the field.Results of ploidy identification using Flowcytometer showed that the two genotypes were diploids (31%) andtriploids (69%). The triploid hybrid Rejang had plant growth habit of drooping, few suckers, higher and biggerpseudostem, higher bunch weight and fruit weight compared to those of the two parents. The triploid hybridhad similar genetic properties with genetic identity of 0.9174-0.9703.Keywords: Banana, crosses, diploid, Rejang, mixoploid, triploid, hybrids

Variasi Jumlah Kromosom Planlet Taraxacum officinale Weber ex FH. Wigg Hasil Regenerasi in vitro dari Eksplan Akar, Helai Daun dan Tangkai Daun Ermayanti, Tri Muji; Lestari, Indah; Salamah, Andi
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 10, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Biologi Indonesia
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Taraxacum officinale Weber ex F. H. Wigg. is a herbaceous medicinal plant species belonging family Asteraceasewhich has apomictic and poliploid characteristics. Multiplication of shoots using tissue culture was used to obtaindefine high quality seedlings, uniform, stable or free of diseases. However, changes in chromosome number canoccur in regenerated plants. The research aim was to determine the chromosome number of T. officinale plants regeneratedfrom culture in vitro using explants of roots, petioles and leaf blades. Therefore, selection of regenerantscan be done in order to find out transplants which have high yield of secondary metabolites. Analysis of chromosomenumber from root tips samples was conducted using 24 plantlets regenerated from root, 27 plantlets regeneratedfrom leaf blade, 21 plants regenerated from petiole and 102 roots of grown seeds using orcein squash method.The results showed that germinating seeds (control) and regenerated plants had variation in chromosome number.The range of chromosome numbers from regenerated plants were 2n=8-39, and cells with diploid number (2n = 2x= 16) was as most observed. The range numbers in germinated seeds were 2n=10-38, and cells with triploid number(2n = 3x = 24) was as most observed. This results proved that variation in numbers of chromosome was caused byapomixis and poliploid characteristics of the parent plant regenerated to their regenerants.Keywords : Taraxacum officinale. Weber ex F. H. Wigg, in vitro regeneration, variasi, chromosome

Pengaruh Jalan Terhadap Keragaman Jenis Tumbuhan Bawah dan Habitatnya di Koridor Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak, Jawa Barat Robiansyah, Iyan; Purnomo, Danang W.
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 9, No 2 (2013): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

The road across the forest can cause the diversity exchange in the forest ecosystem. Distribution of the exotic speciescaused by the road are the main factor affecting the extinction of the native plants. The forest corridor in HalimunSalak National Park is separated by the road which is connecting five villages in surroundings. The aims of the researchwere to determine the response of diversity and abundance of the understory plants to the road existence, toobtain the effect of the road to the habitat condition, and to identify the exotic plants and its relation to the road.Vegetations were observed by transect sampling system, 5 transects of 150 m length were placed in forest corridorside along the road. In each transect, there were 12 sampling plots (1m x 1m) placed in distance (from the road): 0,5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 45, 60, 90, 120, and 150 m from the road. The distance of each transect was approximately100 m and each transect were placed in the corridor area having forest buffer about 100 m distance. There were 117plant species including 9 exotic species. Plant community analysis using Squared Euclidean Distance (SED) showedthat road side area to 5 m in distance showed the different composition of the understory plant to inside the forest.Exotic plants and grass dominated in the area close to the road. Canopy cover in the road side to 10 meter to theforest was relatively opened than inside the forest. Plant diversity analysis on both of all species and local speciesusing Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) showed that species diversity of understory plants was notsignificantly affected by the distance from the road. Nevertheless, distance from the road was a main factorinfluencing the exotic species, while distance of 0 m showed the highest exotic plants diversity.Keywords: Corridor, exotic plant, Halimun Salak National Park, road, squared euclidean distance, understory plant

Konsumsi dan Efisiensi Pakan pada Kukang (Nycticebus coucang) di Penangkaran Wirdateti, Wirdateti; Puspitasari, Dewi; Diapari, Didid; Tjakradidjaja, Anita S
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 3, No 3 (2002): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTFeed Intake and Efficiency of Slow Loris (Nycticebus coucang) in Captivity. Study on feed intake and efficiency of captive slow loris (Nycticebus coucang) has been conducted at the Division of Zoolgy, Research Center for Biology â LIPI for five weeks. Three individuals were placed in three cages, with its sizes of 1.2 x 1.7 x 1.9 m (one cage) and 0.8 x 1.7 x 1.9 m (two cages). Feeds consisting of papaya, banana, coconut, passion fruit, guava, sweet corn, quail egg, and white bread, were given ad libitum. Average body weight of slow loris in the beginning of the study was 587 gram/head and at the end was 648.33 gram/head. Average of feed consumption was 317.26 gram/kgBW/day. Average of feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio (PER) was 0.0270 and 0.0945, respectively.Key words: Feed, slow loris, Nycticebus coucang, captivity, feed efficiency, PER.

Analisis Kariotipe Ular Trawang (Coelognathus radiatus, (Boie 1827)) Qurniawan, Tony Febri; Arisuryanti, Tuty; Nur Handayani, Niken Satuti
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 8, No 2 (2012): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v8i2.3047

Analysis of Radiated Ratsnakes (Coelognathus radiatus, (Boie 1827) Karyotype. Radiatedratsnake is a reptile which has an economic potential an export comodyty. However, there arefew reports on genetic studies of radiated ratsnake. The aim of this research was to examinechromosome characters of the radiated ratsnake collected from Sewon, Bantul, Daerah IstimewaYogyakarta. Chromosome preparation method used was splash using blood culture. The resultsrevealed that the diploid chromosome number (2n) of radiated ratsnake was 30, classified asmetacentric (chromosome pairs number 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, dan 11), submetacentric(chromosome pairs number 12 and 13), and telocentric (chromosome pairs number 14 and 15).Therefore the karyotype formula of radiated ratsnake was 2n = 2x = 30 = 22 m + 4 sm + 4 t. Theresult showed that the shortest of short arm chromosomes was 0 ?m, the longest one was0.665 Â± 0.0504 ?m, the shortest of long arm chromosomes was 0.268 Â± 0.0011?m, the longestone was 0.746 Â± 0.0059 ?m, the shortest of total length chromosomes was 0.27 Â± 0.001 ?m, andthe longest of total length chromosomes was 1.41 Â± 0.045 ?m. The R value was 5.267 Â± 0.15408indicating that radiated ratsnake from Sewon, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta haschromosome variation size.Keywords: Coelognathus radiatus, blood culture, chromosome character, karyotype

Distribusi Jenis Kelelawar (Pteropodidae) Pada Berbagai Tipe Penutupanan Lahan di Sekitar Kawasan Taman Nasional Kerinci Seblat (TNKS) Sukandar, Paskal; Nugroho, Pandam
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 5, No 2 (2008): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTThe Mega Bat (Pteropodidae) Distribution on Several Land Coverage at Surrounding KerinciNational Park. The study of bats was carried out on May 2005 to July 2005. In all 5 major landuse system (primary forest, disturbed forest, old rubber plantation, young rubber plantationand mix garden) survey was conducted using the same standardized mistnetting. Each of theland use system was sampled for 4 days using 4 mist-nets a night. The total of 2512.5 m2 ofmist-nets night area were set during this survey. A total of 156 bat individuals which consist of14 specieses and 5 families (Pteropodidae, Vespertilonidae, Emballonuridae, Hipposideridaeand Rhinolophidae) acquired. Calculation result using the diversity index measurement frombat samples indicate that the highest diversity was in disturbed forest habitat (Hâ=1.831;E=0,865) and the lowest was in forest habitat (Hâ=0.5; E=0.561), meanwhile the biggestdominancy reside in the young rubber plantation (?=0.767) and disturbed forest had the lowestdominancy (?=0,138). The most dominant at young rubber plantation habitat is Cynopterusbrachyotis. The result of clustering analysis using SPSS 11.5 showed that habitat type weredivided become 2 clusters which were old rubber and non old forest (forest, disturbed forest,young rubber plantation and mix garden). This division showed that forest and non forest hada distinctively different habitat. According to Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) byusing Canoco for Windows version 4.5 indicated that physical parameter such as temperature,humidity, rainfall and altitude influenced the distribution, commnunity and clustering of batsfor land use systemKey words: Bats, diversity, Kerinci Seblat National Park, land use type, rubber plantation

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