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JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA

jurnal_biologi_indonesia
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 08544425 EISSN : 2338834X DOI : -

Core Subject : Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 847 Documents

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Profil Vitamin, Kalsium, Asam Amino dan Asam Lemak Tepung Jewawut (Setaria italica L.) Fermentasi Soeka, Yati Sudaryati; Sulistiani, Sulistiani
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 13, No 1 (2017): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTFoxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) is tropical cereal grains of Poaceae. Foxtail millet starch content is quite high, so it has the potential to be used as food raw material; This study has been conducted by making foxtail millet flour fermented with starter bacteria of cellulolytic and amylolytic Bacillus amyloliquifaciens B7 and lactic acid bacteria of Lactobacillus plantarum SU-LS537 which can degrade phytic acid. Parameters measured in the fermentation of foxtail millet was amount of vitamin E, B6 and B12, calcium, essential and non essential amino acids, essential and non essential fatty acids. Fermented foxtail millet decreased vitamin content. A ten fold increase content of calcium concentrations, essential amino acids (histidine, threonine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, lysis), non-essential amino acids (aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, glycine, arginine, alanine, proline, tyrosine, and cysteine), the fatty acid (lauric , palmitic) and decrease of fatty acid stearic (non essential fatty acids). Bacillus amyloliquifaciens B7 fermentation increased oleic acid but it decreased linoleic acid while Lactobacillus plantarum SU-LS537 fermentation increased linoleic acid, but it decreased oleic acid.Keywords: jewawut (Setaria italica L.), flour, fermentation, Bacillus amyloliquifaciens B7, Lactobacillus plantarum SU-LS537

Produktitvitas Diatom Perifitik yang Ditumbuhkan pada tipe Subtrat Berbeda Sebagai Alternatif Penyediaan Pakan Alami Udang Pratiwi, Niken T.M.; Adiwilaga, Enan M.; Widigdo, Bambang; Soedharma, Dedi
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 4, No 3 (2007): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTThe Productivity of Periphytic Diatom Grown on Different Types of Substrates asan Alternative on Providing Natural Feed for shrimp. Providing natural feed is anattempt to support fisheries culture in a polite way for the sustainability of environment.Periphytic community is living aquatic resources that have a potential value for thispurpose. The major component of saline water periphytic community is diatom.The study was emphasized on diatom presentation grown on two types of artificialsubstrates: biocrete (sand, palm fiber, cement) and zeocrete (zeolite, palm fiber, cement).The reseach was conducted in laboratory with an experimen design follows split splitplot in times. The aim of the research is to study the ecological factor and availablenutrients to support the growth of periphitic diatoms (Amphora, Cyclotella, Melosira,Navicula, Phaeodactylum, and Thallassiosira) on two different substrates. Theproductivity of diatom, and the effect of shrimp larvae on the diatom productivity werealso analyzed. Two fertilized materials (biocrete and zeocrete) with two main treatmentsand three levels of treatments each, and unfertilized materials were used as artificialsubstrates for periphitic diatoms. The results show that all treatment could give sufficientbiological available nutrient for the diatoms. The highest diatom productivity was achievedby the population on third level ratio of fertilized biocrete and zeocrete (added by fertilizedwith N:P ratio of 30:l). Diatom productivity follows the shrimp larvae grazing. Theshrimp larvae could grow well on the media with diatom that were grown on fertilizedbiocrete.Key words: periphytic diatoms, natural feed, biocrete, zeocrete, productivity

Serapan Karbondioksida (CO2) Jenis-Jenis Pohon di Taman Buah "Mekar Sari" Bogor, Kaitannya dengan Potensi Mitigasi Gas Rumah Kaca Hidayati, N.; Reza, M.; Juhaeti, T.; Mansyur, M.
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 7, No 1 (2011): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTCarbondioxide (CO2) Absorption by Trees in "Mekar Sari" Fruit Garden, Bogor, in Relationto Green house Gases Mitigation. Biological diversity can make a significant contribution toreducing the build-up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. A biological diverse tropicalforest with a diverse plant species typically stores 50 times more carbon per unit area comparedto monoculture plantation replacing it. Thus, the trees in forests have an essential role in thefunctioning of the terrestrial biosphere, especially in the carbon cycle. Yet wild tree photosynthesesare poorly studied than crop photosynthesis for several reasons: the large number ofspecies; difficulty in measuring photosynthesis of entire trees or of forest stands. This researchaims to assess the contribution of biological diversity in CO2 absorption by analyzing thephysiological characteristics (photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, leaf chlorophyllcontent) of tree species in "Mekar Sari" fruit garden, Bogor. The results will provideinformation on carbon sequestration of some tree species suitable for revegetation. Variance inCO2 assimilation rate is large among trees species. The results showed that there was a widerange of variation of CO2 assimilation rate between tree species. The overall CO2 assimilationrate ranged 2.33 - 13.42 ?molm-2s-1. The highest was Matoa (13.42 molm-2s-1 ) , followed byKacapi (12.50 ?molm-2s-1), Durian (11.00 ?molm-2s-1) and Nangka (11.00 ?molm-2s-1). Transpirationrate was recorded between 4.29 - 9.50 molm-2s-1. The rate of CO2 assimilation wasaffected by incident radiation and thus the quantum leaf (Q leaf) as well as leaf chlorophyllcontent. Correlation between CO2 assimilation and Q leaf under certain environmental conditionwas considerably high. Variance in stomatal conductance and transpiration rate variedamong tree species and were related to light intensity.Key words: Photosynthesis, CO2 absorption, trees

Respon Morfologi Empat Genotip Kedelai Terhadap Cekaman Salinitas Purwaningrahayu, Runik D.; Taufiq, Abdullah
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 13, No 2 (2017): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTSalinity stress affects metabolic processes of plants and it can cause changes in plant morphology. Information on soybean morphological characters due to salinity stress is important for breeding programs of soybean salinity tolerant. The objective of research was to study the response of morphological characters of four soybean genotypes to salinity stress. The research was conducted in a greenhouse at Iletri (Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute), Malang in 2013/2014. Four soybean genotypes consisted of Wilis and Tanggamus varieties ( salinity sensitive), IAC100/Bur//Mal-10-KP-21-50 (G1) and Argopuro // IAC100 (G2) that are tolerant to salinity. The genotypes were tested at five levels of soil salinity i.e. 1.5 dS/m, 6.6 dS/m, 10.9 dS/m, 13.4 dS/m and 15.6 dS/m. Treatments arranged in randomized complete block design, replicated three times. The results showed that increasing salinity decreased plant height, leaf chlorophyll content index (CCI) and seed size, and increased scorch score in all genotypes. Increasing salinity reduced CCI by 45% on sensitive genotypes, but no symptoms on tolerant genotypes. Density and lenght of trichomes of G1 and G2 genotypes were higher than Wilis and Tanggamus. Stomata of G1 and G2 genotypes opened 93% wider than Wilis and Tanggamus. At salinity level 15.6 dS/m, seed size of G1 was 9.4 g/100 seeds and G2 was 10.2 g/100 seeds, while Wilis and Tanggamus could not perform seeds. G1 and G2 genotypes are potential to be developed as new soybean variety tolerant to salinity up to 15.6 dS/m.Keywords: salinity, morphological character, Glycine max L.Merr

Parameter Genetik dan Seleksi Sorgum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Populasi F4 Hasil Single Seed Descent (SSD) Sulistyowati, Yuli; koesoemaningtyas, Tri; Sopandie, Didy; Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning; Nugroho, Satya
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 12, No 2 (2016): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

The objective of this study were to obtain information about genetic parameters of agronomic characters of sorghum populations derived from Single Seed Descent (SSD) method, and to estimate selection differensial and also to select of F4 population that have a high yield and medium plant height . The experiment was carried out at Leuwikopo Farm, Darmaga, Bogor from January to April 2014. The genetic material were F4 population derived from SSD. The results showed that based on the skewness and kurtosis values, all of the agronomy characters observed in this study were poligenic controlled and influenced by additive gene action. The genetic coefficient of variability values for all parameters varied from intermediate to high in F4 population. Agronomic characters in F4 responded positively to selection because of high broad sense heritability estimates. Correlation analysis showed that plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, panicle length, panicle weight and 100 seed weight have significant and positive correlation to grain yield/plant. Differential value with selection intensity 10 % based on grain yield/plant will increase grain yield/plant 83.89 % and plant height 8.91 % in the next generation, whereas differensial value based on grain yield/plant and plant height will increase grain yield/plants 68.33 % and plant height 0.26 % in the next generation. It means that selected plant were expected increasing yield 83.89 % or 68.33 % in next generation.Keywords: heritability, cefficient genetic variability, correlation analysis, selection differential

Parameter Populasi Kerang Lumpur Tropis Anodontia edentula Di Ekosistem Mangrove Natan, Yuliana
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 6, No 1 (2009): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTPopulation Parameters of Tropical Mudflat Clam, (Anodontia edentula) in MangroveEcosystem. Over a 12 months period (Januari 2005 â Desember 2005), population parameters oftropical mudflat clam, (Anodonta edentula) in mangrove ecosystem were determined. Theobjectives of this research were to study population parameters (growth, recruitment patternand mortality) of this tropical mudflat clam. The results showed that asymtotic length (Linfinity) of males, females, also males and females combined were 65.63 mm, 70.88mm and 70.58mm, and the size of males was less than females; annual growth coefficient (K) of males,females, also males and females combined were 1.3, 1.5 and 1.5 respectively, which indicateda fast growth of the clams in relatively short period, which were 2.3 years for the males, 2 yearsfor the females, and 2.1 year for males and females combined. Subsequently, total mortalityrate (Z) of the males, females, also males and females combined were 4.56 Â± 0.31, 4.61 Â± 0.65, and4.95 Â± 0.43. These high rates were caused by the extreme life condition, also by the thin andfragile shells of the clams. Recruitment occurred every month in the males, females, and alsomales and females combined. Overall, there were two unequal pulses. The peaks of males werein June (12.38%) and October (14.77%), while in the females were in April (16.88%) and August(15.12%), and in the males and females combined were in March (12.67%) and May (20.26%).Keywords : Mudflat clam, growth, mortality, recruitment.Kata kunci: Kerang lumpur tropis, pertumbuhan, kematian, rekrutmen

Keragaman Bakteri Laut Pendegradasi Alkana dan Poliaromatik Hidrokarbon di Pulau Pari Jakarta Thontowi, Ahmad; Yopi, Yopi
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 9, No 1 (2013): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Minyak mentah merupakan salah satu sumber pencemaran di lingkungan laut. Degradasi oleh bakteri memegangperanan penting dalam bioremediasinya. Sejumlah 66 bakteri laut dari Pulau Pari, Kepulauan Seribu Jakarta telahdiisolasi, dianalisa berdasarkan gen 16S rDNA, dan diuji kemampuannya dalam mendegradasi minyak. Berdasarkananalisis gen 16S rDNA diperoleh lima kelompok bakteri pendegradasi minyak, yaitu ÃÂ±-proteobakteria (43.6%), ÃÂ³-proteobakteria (48.5 %), Flavobakteria (4.5 %), Aktinobakteria (1,5 %), dan Bacillales (1,5%). Bakteribakteritersebut mampu mendegradasi komponen minyak (senyawa alkana dan poliaromatik hidrokarbon). ÃÂ³-Proteobakteria dan ÃÂ±-proteobakteria mempunyai peran penting dalam bioremediasi minyak di kawasan lingkunganlaut di Pulau Pari. Dari hasil tersebut membuktikan bahwa bakteri pendegradasi minyak dari Pulau Pari sangatberagam.Kata kunci: minyak, laut, bakteri, bioremediasi, alkana, poliaromatik hidrokarbon

Konsumsi dan Kemampuan Cerna Pakan pada Kuskus (Spilocuscus maculatus dan Phalanger spp.) Farida, W. Rosa; Widyastuti, Roi; Sigit, Nuraeni; Khotijah, Lilis
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 3, No 2 (2001): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTFeed Consumption and Digestibility Capacity on Cuscuses (Spilocuscus maculatus and Phalanger spp.). The research was conducted to know feed consumption and digestibility capacity on cuscuses in the Small Mammal Captivity on Zoology Division, Research and Developmment Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Bogor. The research material used were five cuscuses, each of them placed in individual cage. Species of cuscuses are Spilocuscus maculatus (two heads), Phalanger orientalis (one), P. gymnotis (one), and P. ornatus (one). The feedstuff is given in fresh form, consists of fruit, leaves, and extra feed. The fruit consists of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis), banana (Musa paradisiaca), guava (Psidium guajava), coconut (Cocos nucifera), and sweet corn (Zea mays). Leaves were kemang (Mangifera caesia), pohpohan (Pilea trinervia), and kangkung (Ipomea aquatica), and sweet potatoes (Ipomea batatas); while extra feed consists of bread and dog food. The result showed that the average of dry matter intake on cuscuses was 37.83 ? 6.94 g DM/kg BW0.75/head/day, while those on S. maculatus was 38.04 ? 6.25 g DM/kg BW0.75/head/day and on Phalanger spp. was 37.68 ? 7.57 g DM/kg BW0.75/day. The digestible coefficient of nutrient on cuscuses was 86.72% dry matter (DM), 66.86% ash, 69.86% crude protein, 95.51% ether extract, 73.58% crude fiber, and 92.09% nitrogen free extract. Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN) on cuscuses was 93.96 ? 3.22% and Digestible energy (DE) was 3.71 ? 0.39 kkal/g DM.Key words : Consumption, digestibility, Spilocuscus maculates, Phalanger spp., captivity

Pengaruh Perbedaan Waktu Awal Pemberian Pakan Buatan terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Aktivitas Enzim Pencernaan Larva Ikan Kerapu Bebek Cromileptes altivelis (Valenciennes 1828) Melianawati, Regina; Pratiwi, Rarastoeti; Astuti, Ni Wayan Widya
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 8, No 2 (2012): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v8i2.3055

The effect of different initial time of artificial feeding to the growth and the activities of digestive enzymes of humpback grouper larvae Cromileptes altivelis (Valenciennes 1828).Humpback grouper is an economically marine finfish commodity, so it is important to scale up its culture. In aquaculture, feed is dominantly affecting to fish growth. Besides live feeds, theartificial feed is also given to fulfill the need of nutrient for larvae. However, the capability of larvae to digest the artificial feed is still limited because of its simplicity and immaturity of digestive system structure. Digestive enzymes are a biological indicator to figure out the capability of larvae to digest the artificial feed. This research was conducted to find out the influence of different initial time of artificial feeding to the growth and digestive enzyme activity of humpback grouper larvae. Larvae rearing were done in hatchery. Larvae were fed with live feed rotifers started in the evening of the second day. The treatment given in this research was the difference initial time of artificial feeding, i.e: (A) given at 8 days old larvae and (B) given at13 days old larvae. The variable observations were the growth and digestive enzyme activity of larvae. The results indicate that the different initial time of artificial feeding influenced to thegrowth and digestive enzyme activity of humpback grouper larvae. Total length, body weight, length of dorsal spine and ventral spine of 30 days old humpback grouper larvae on treatment A were 17.47Â±2.35 mm, 0.11Â±0.04 g, 6.83Â±0.45 mm and 5.07Â±0.50 mm, respectively, while on treatment B were 13.23Â±2.53 mm, 0.04Â±0.02 g, 5.73Â±1.11 mm and 4.48Â±0.50 mm, respectively. Up to 30 days old larvae, protease and amylase enzymes activities of larvae on treatment A was higher than on treatment B, while lipase enzymes activity of larvae on treatment B was higher than on treatment A. Therefore, the different initial time of artificial feeding gives the different effect on the growth and the activities of protease, amylase and lipase enzymes of humpback grouper larvae.Key words: artificial feed, growth, digestive enzyme activity, humpback grouper, larvae

Phytophthora capsici Penyebab Busuk Pucuk Vanili di Indonesia Andriyani, Nina; Wahyono, Dono; Manohara, Dyah; Gunawan, Agustina W.
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 5, No 2 (2008): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

TULISAN PENDEKPhytophthora capsici Penyebab Busuk Pucuk Vanili di Indonesia

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