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E-Journal Of Cultural Studies

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Published by Universitas Udayana

ISSN : 23382449 EISSN : - DOI : -

Core Subject : Humanities, Art,

Arts Humanities

Cultural studies constitutes an interdisciplinary area critically discussing socio-political contexts of various cultural practices in society. Its focus is on the relation among such cultural practices and the power controlling them. Cultural studies was pioneered by the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies (CCCS) of the University of Birmingham, England, in 1960s. Unlike what has been a tradition in the modern epistemology, cultural studies is concerned with what human emancipation aims at. Therefore, cultural studies does not only refer to a theoretical-conceptual matter but also to the location and critical action in which it manifests itself.

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Articles 271 Documents

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GREEN REVOLUTION AND SOCIAL CHANGE IN SUBAK SUSUAN, KARANGASEM, BALI Eddy, I Wayan Tagel
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 10, Number 4, November 2017
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

This study aims to determine the social changes in Subak Susuan Karangasem Bali as a result of the implementation of green revolution (revolusi hijau). The method used observation, in-depth interviews equipped with interview guides, recording devices, cameras and stationery. Sampling is done by purposive or direct appointment to a person who is considered to know and be directly involved in the event.The results show that the green revolution has digraded various types of local rice seeds and simultaneously marginalizes local wisdom resulting in social change. Agricultural homogeneity, which in turn has diminished farming culture, professional social organization such as sekaa numbeg, sekaa manyi, sekaa metekap began to decrease and patron client bond is getting worse. The government is advised to pay attention to the values ??of local wisdom that guides the life of farming in Subak Susuan.

DISCOURSE OF QUALITY EDUCATION IN PUBLIC JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLS IN DENPASAR CITY Narsa, I Nengah
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 7, Number 4, November 2014
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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This present study was conducted to understand the discourse of quality education in Public Junior High Schools in Denpasar City. The study focused on the discourse of quality education in the practice of enrollment of new learners, the implementation of ‘Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan’, and the implementation of the National Final Examination in Public Junior High Schools in Denpasar City. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively and interpretatively. The theory of discourse of power/knowledge, the theory of social practice, and the theory of School-based Management were eclectically used in the present study. The results of the study showed that, first, the practice of the enrollment of new learners ‘Praktik Penerimaan Peserta Didik Baru (PPDB)’, Educational Unit-based Curriculum ‘Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan (KTSP)’, and the National Final Examination ‘Ujian Nasional (UN)’ which tended to neglect the principle of School-based Management (MBS) and the school autonomy had led to the discourse of quality education in Public Junior High Schools ‘Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMPN)’ in Denpasar City; second, the ideology which was referred to in the discourse of quality education which was related to PPDB, KTSP and UN in public junior high schools in Denpasar City was the liberal ideology which was based on rationalism, individualism and commercialism; third, the discourse of quality education in public junior high schools in Denpasar City had theoretical implication, namely, there was an expectation to reinforce the ideology of critical-cultural education and to establish the paradigm of political policy which supported the attempt made to realize quality education.

HEGEMONY OF MODERNITY IN THE PRACTICE OF USADA BALI TREATMENT IN DENPASAR Suatama, Ida Bagus; Anom Kumbara, A.A. Ngurah; Wirawan, A.A. Bagus; Arjani, Ni Luh
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 12, Number 1, February 2019
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

The phenomenon of the hegemony of modernity in the practice treatment of Usada Bali in Denpasar City is interesting to observe. On the one hand, public interest in Usada Bali is still quite high, but also on the other hand modern medical dominance is so strong. Through a postmodernism approach and a qualitative method that relies on the workings of critical theory, its causes, forms, and implications, reveal this phenomenon. The cause of the hegemony of modernity is due to state regulation, the modern and traditional medical dichotomy, the disposition of rationality, and the expansion of material energy. The form of modernity hegemony includes the formalization of medical practices, identity mimesis, praxis of praxis awareness, and commodification of Usada Bali. The implications of the hegemony of modernity includes the strengthening of the existence of Usada Bali, the competition of health services, the reproduction of medical discourse, and the ambivalence of spirituality. This study found that modernity has more power, than traditional values. The discourse of development and empowerment of traditional medicine has not targeted Usada Bali as autonomous knowledge. The violations of sasana balian undoubtedly due to the strong influence of materialism. The existence of Usada Bali is in line with the community’s belief in the etiology of sakala and niskala. Keywords: Hegemony, Modernity, Practice of Medicine, Usada Bali

“PASANTIAN”IN BALI AND ITS RENAISSANCE IN GLOBALIZATION ERA Sudirga, I Komang
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 6, Number 1, May 2013
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Pasantian, which means reading and reciting a literary work, is growing, developing and resurrecting resistively in the life of the Balinese community in the globalization era. This study tries to answer the following questions: (1) what was the renaissance of pasantian in the globalization era in Bali like; (2) what factors contributed to the renaissance of pasantian in the globalization era in Bali; (3) what was the meaning of the renaissance of pasantian in the globalization era in Bali? This study in which qualitative method was used. It was intended to identify the existence of pasantian and its dynamism through its renaissance in the globalization era. The theory of deconstruction (Derrida, in Norris, 2008), the theory of practice (Bourdieu in Takwin, 2009 and Fashri, 2007), the theory of postmodern (Piliang, 2004, and Piliang, 2004a), and the theory of hegemony (Gramsci, in Barker, 2005) were eclectically used to analyze the data. The result showed that the renaissance of pasantian took place in three periods; the initial renaissance took place from 1979 to 1990, the second from 1991 to 1998, and the third from 1999 to 2010s. Such a renaissance was supported by cultural factors. In addition, political and economic factors also contributed to the renaissance of pasantian. It had socio-cultural, and economic effects, which led to multi-meanings such as educational meaning, entertainment meaning, the meaning of politics of image, the meaning of hypermorality, and the meaning of maintenance of socio-cultural meanings.

MARGINALIZATION OF BEDEKEH RITUAL PERFORMED BY AKIT ETHNIC GROUP IN RUPAT ISLAND, BENGKALIS REGENCY, RIAU PROVINCE IN THE ERA OF GLOBALIZATON Suroyo, Suroyo; Kumbara, Anak Agung Ngurah Anom; Suarka, I Nyoman; MPSS, Pudentia
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 10, Number 2, May 2017
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

This present study is intended to explore, identify, comprehend and describe the phenomenon of the bedekeh ritual performed by the Akit ethnic group in Riau Island, Bengkalis Regency, Riau Province in the era of globalization. The Oang Akit (those who belong to the Akit ethnic group) believe that all diseases are believed to result from the interference of invisible spirits or what is locally referred to as Antu (Hantu=Ghost), their ancestors, the treatment of other people or what is referred to as disantet (black magic practice), and curses. The bedekeh ritual is a cultural important element; it is not only performed to stimulate emotion but it is also performed to make the relationship among people and between people and the cosmos in harmony. Globalization has developed human life and changed the people’s way of life, including the Akit ethnic group. The data in the present study were collected using the techniques of observation, in-depth interview, library research, and documentation. Based on what was explored and the method used to analyze the data, it was found that the bedekeh tradition is still performed by the Akit ethnic group; however, its existence is getting marginalized by the internal and external factors. The modern epistemology (Modern-Western) in which rationality is considered more important than other things has caused the therapy performed by the Akit ethnic group to shift. Hegemony resulting from the penetration of the culture belonging to the non Akit ethnic groups has also caused the bedekeh ritual to be marginalized.

EXPLOITATION AND PROTECTION OF TURTLES AT SERANGAN AND TANJUNG BENOA VILLAGES SOUTH BALI IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF CULTURAL STUDIES Sudiana, I Gusti Ngurah; Ardika, I Wayan; Parimartha, I Gde; Titib, I Made
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 3, No. 2 Juli 2009
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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The people at Serangan and Tanjung Benoa Villages have a habit to kill turtles for sale,consumption, custom and religion. They were all restless when their habit was hegomonized bythe government by applying the Act concerning scarce animal conservation. The people urgedthat they be provided with freedom in killing turtles, but the government still intends to stopkilling turtles at the two villages. The two different interests have resulted in a controversy overthe exploitation of turtles making the Bali community as a whole called the killers of turtles.The title of this study is the Exploitation and Protection of Turtles at Serangan andTanjung Benoa Villages, South Bali: in the Perspective of Cultural Studies. The subjectsdiscussed are how the exploitation and protection of turtles implemented, what factorsmotivating their exploitation and protection, what meaningfulness is made to appear by theirexploitation and protection.Qualitative method was used. The data needed were collected by interview,observation, documentation of the secondary data. The data were descriptively and qualitativelyanalyzed using the theory of discourse, the theory of deconstruction, the theory of hegemony andthe perspective of cultural studies.The research findings show that before the Acts Number 7 and 8 of 1999 concerningconservation of scarce animals, exploitation of turtles was part of the people’s life in South Bali.However, after 2005, such constitution has changed from being done in an extractive way tobeing done in a non-extractive way. Meaningfulness to turtles has also changed, from beingexploited to being conserved. Such a conservation has been done by releasing tukiks ( turtles’babies) to the sea. Since 2005, a change has also taken place with regard to the turtles killed forreligious and traditional ceremonies. Formerly, many big turtles were used for religious andtraditional ceremonies, but now only a few and small ones are used. If none is found, ducks areused to replace the turtles.

WOMEN AND ACCESSORIES: BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY AND CRAFT INDUSTRY Arsa, I Ketut Sida
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 4 (2015): Volume 8, Number 4, November 2015
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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This study is intended to describe the current life style of women which contributes to the development of craft industry, especially the industry of accessories in Bali. In this case, women are used as the subject made use of by the capitalist, that is, the producer of accessories used as the object. The data on the relationship between the craft industrial element, especially the industry of accessories, with the life style of women were obtained using observation and in-depth interview techniques. The theory of consumerism developed by Jean Baudrillard was used to analyze the field data. The result of the study showed that the stylish performance had caused women to be consumptive. In this case, women had been the most potential target of the market share; therefore, the capitalist perpetually developed new mode or trend. In this way, women were made to follow the newest trend, meaning that their desire had been inspired by various trends which had been developed by the accessory business persons from time to time. Such a phenomenon could be clearly seen when the discourse of “Ajeg Bali” was made to be popular, and when the civil servants, private employees and students were obliged to wear the Balinese traditional dress. Accessories were attached to the woman’s blouse to make it more interesting. It seemed that dress and accessories could not be separated from one another to make performance more perfect. Such a phenomenon contributed to the garment industry and craft industry in order to meet what is desired by the Balinese women.

BODY OF JOGET ALE-ALE AS CAPITAL OF RESISTANCE Alfarisi, Salman
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 7, Number 3, Agustus 2014
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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This paper aims to understand how the phenomenon of the dancing body art Ale - ale. This art appears in the middle of the Sasak , Lombok , 1999. The three elements of this art , the music , song , and dance reflects the idea of resistance against the establishment . Demolition of the single truth Tuan Guru and cultural as the dominant group in society Sasak looked at the expression of dance dancing . Therefore , to understand the dimensions of the dancing resistance used qualitative - interpretative methods research design paradigm of cultural studies . The theory used is critical social theory , such as social practice theory of Bourdieu , Derrida deconstruction theory , and postmodern aesthetics in addition . Data acquisition is done by in-depth interviews , observation paratisipatoris , and documentation . An important finding of this study include first , dancing body memerlihatkan wealth dimensional art Ale - ale resistance due to the body , dancing can liberate ourselves from the reality of their urgency , urgency both in economic and social dimensions is constructed by an elite group of Sasak community . In this context , the body dancing is not only a personal expression of dancing , but also can be a practice arena power of dominant groups in society Sasak , namely Mr. Guru and culture . Second , not only the dancing body can be seen as a mere aesthetic expression but as a form of battle between the marginalized groups dancing with the dominant group , namely Mr. Master in religious and cultural problems in the context of culture

THE DISCOURSE OF PADANG RESTAURANTS IN GUS TF SAKAI’S NOVEL ULAR KEEMPAT Fadlillah, Fadlillah; Wirawan, AA Bagus; Cika, I Wayan
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 11, Number 3, August 2018
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

The topic of the research is the novel titled Ular Keempat (the Fourth Snake) by Gus tf Sakai. It is focused on the text of Rumah Makan Padang (Padang restaurants) in the novel based on the study of cultural studies literature. In the final part of the story of Ular Keempat, there is a side text of Rumah Makan Padang. The main point of the research is the archeology of Rumah Makan Padang. The approaches used are the Foucault‘s discourse and Derrida‘s deconstruction. The result of the study shows that the essence of the story of Hajj trip in the articulation of Minangkabau people‘s view of life can be revealed in some texts. First, text of Padang was the episteme discourse built by the Dutch East Indies goverment. Second, the discourse of Minangkabau Sufistic culture systemically was demolished by the Dutch East Indies government. Third, the discourse of Minangkabau culture was systemically controlled by the Dutch East Indies government. Fourth, the discourse of Dutch colonial‘s liberal culture is actually continued by the Indonesian government towards Minangkabau culture. Fifth, the literary approach can be applied by studying the metaphors and cultural hospitality. Through this research it can be argued that the text of Hajj trip, in the novel of Ular Keempat, is a manifestation of the essence of merantau text empirically. Life for Minangkabau people is actually migration and after life is the true home; this is theirlife view. Thus, Minangkabau culture is actually a sufistic culture, and surau is the center of Minangkabau culture.

TRANSFORMATION OF MODERN AGRICULTURE INTO ORGANIC AGRICULTURE AT SUBAK WANGAYA BETAN, PENEBEL DISTRICT, TABANAN REGENCY, BALI PROVINCE Dewi Yuliana, Euis; Ardika, I Wayan; Semadi Astra, I Gde; Antara, I Made
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 5, No. 1 Januari 2011
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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This dissertation discusses the transformation of modern agriculture into organicagriculture at Subak Wangaya Betan, Penebel District, Tabanan Regency, Bali Province.This study is conducted in the perspective of Cultural Studies and the problem is that thedark side of modern agriculture is getting visible. The chemical substances used inagriculture have turned out to result in many problems such as the damage of landquality, the continuous decrease in plant productivity and environment, themarginalization of farmers. Therefore, many farmers have been aware and havetransformed into ecologically organic agriculture as what has taken place at SubakWangaya Betan. The farmers have transformed from modern agriculture into organicagriculture. However, the process of the transformation has left many problems;therefore, a deep study is necessarily conducted to answer various existing questions.The problems in this study are formulated in three basic questions such asfollows. First, how has the process of the transformation from modern agriculture intoorganic agriculture taken place at Subak Wangaya Betan? Second, why has thetransformation from modern agriculture into organic agriculture taken place? Third, whatare the implications and meanings of the transformation from modern agriculture intoorganic agriculture at Subak Wangaya Betan? In general, this study aims at identifyingand comprehending more clearly the transformation from modern agriculture into organicagriculture taking place at Betan Wangaya Subak.This research was conducted using qualitative method with multidisciplinaryapproach in accordance with the paradigm of cultural studies. In the first stage, primaryand secondary data were collected. In the second stage, theories were selected foranalyzing the data. Several critical theories such as the theory of Discourse of Power andKnowledge, the theory of Hegemony and the theory of Deconstruction, which are eclecticin nature, were decided to select for analyzing the data. In this third stage, the selecteddata were analyzed and interpreted. In the fourth stage, the results were constructed andreported.Based on the analysis conducted, three findings could be reported. First,agricultural transformation has taken place at Subak Wangaya Betan, from agrochemicalbasedmodern agriculture in which inorganic, chemical pesticide and hybrid varieties areused into organic agriculture in which no chemical substances are used. The agriculturaltransformation has not been suddenly conducted; it has been a planned process, has beenconducted through a highly systematic mechanism with many stages and has consumed alot of time and needed in-depth studies. Second, many factors have led to the agriculturaltransformation taking place at Subak Wangaya Betan. They are external factors such aspolitical, economic, social, cultural and ecological aspects and internal factors such as thenegative side of green revolution implementation, natural resources, cooperative farmers,and adherent farmers. They are all equally strong and synergize in encouraging andaccelerating the agricultural transformation. Third, it turns out that the agriculturaltransformation taking place at Subak Wangaya Betan has several implications andmeanings. The implications are that the ideology adhered to by the farmers has changed,the establishment of new institutions, an increase in the farmers’ income, improved ricefield ecosystem and environment. The meanings of organic agriculture are spiritualmeaning, empowerment meaning and welfare meaning.

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