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E-Journal Of Cultural Studies

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Published by Universitas Udayana

ISSN : 23382449 EISSN : - DOI : -

Core Subject : Humanities, Art,

Arts Humanities

Cultural studies constitutes an interdisciplinary area critically discussing socio-political contexts of various cultural practices in society. Its focus is on the relation among such cultural practices and the power controlling them. Cultural studies was pioneered by the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies (CCCS) of the University of Birmingham, England, in 1960s. Unlike what has been a tradition in the modern epistemology, cultural studies is concerned with what human emancipation aims at. Therefore, cultural studies does not only refer to a theoretical-conceptual matter but also to the location and critical action in which it manifests itself.

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Articles 271 Documents

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INNOVATION OF THE TRADITIONAL SANDSTONE CRAFT PRODUCTS IN THE GLOBALIZATION ERA AT NORTH SINGAPADU VILLAGE GIANYAR Pendet, I Ketut Muka; Ardhana, I Ketut; Suarka, I Nyoman; Sugiartha, I Gede Arya
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 10, Number 1, February 2017
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Nowadays the process through which the sandstone craft products are produced at North Singapadu Village has changed. The appearance of different types of popular sandstone craft products reflecting the local identity produced by the young craftsmen at North Singapadu Village shows this. Such products are different from the traditional sandstone craft ones in terms of form and aesthetic style. Globalization, ideology and technology have basically led to the change. The sandstone industry has become highly innovative. This present study uses the qualitative and interpretative method and the theories used are the theory of acculturation, the theory of deconstruction, and the theory of postmodern aesthetics. The conclusion of the present study is that the form and process of innovation initially resulted from new ideas and concepts and the craftsmen’s paradigm. The main things which have been responsible for changing the traditional way of life into the modern way of life are formal education, tourism and modern technologies. Those who are positively and negatively affected by globalization are not only the capital owners and craftsmen but the villagers and consumers as well. The sandstone craft products at North Singapadu Village contain the meaning of creativity, the economic meaning, the commodificative meaning and the meaning of cultural change. The finding of the study shows that the craftsmen at North Singapadu Village have ignored the traditional concepts, the technique of producing the products, and the materials used. However, the sandstone craft products at North Singapadu Village do not get extinct but remain to exist and both domestic and foreign consumers are interested in them.

PANGGUNG BANGSAWAN STUDI POLITIK KEBUDAYAAN DI DAERAH RIAU LINGGA: PERSPEKTIF KAJIAN BUDAYA Arybowo, Sutamat; Ardika, M.A., Prof. Dr. I Wayan; MPSS, M.A., Dr. Pudentia; Suastika, M.A., Prof. Dr. I Made
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 2, No. 1 Mei 2008
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Penelitian ini membahas “Panggung Bangsawan Studi Politik Kebudayaan di Daerah Riau Lingga: Perspektif Kajian Budaya”. Panggung Bangsawan adalah teater rakyat yang pada masa Orde Lama memiliki kekuatan ritual, lalu zaman Orde Baru hampir punah. Pemerintah Orde Baru merevitalisasi teater tersebut sebagai identitas budaya Melayu tetapi bukannya berkembang, melainkan malah surut. Tujuan penelitian ini: mendeskripsikan proses munculnya Panggung Bangsawan, menjelaskan peran negara terhadap Panggung Bangsawan, dan menganalisis makna politik kebudayaan dalam kaitannya dengan identitas budaya Melayu yang baru.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan metode kualitatif. Peneliti menggali budaya dalam konteksnya dengan dunia nyata dan perspektif pelaku masyarakat seni. Tahap pertama, dilakukan pengumpulan data primer dan sekunder. Tahap kedua, memilih teori untuk mengkaji data. Tahap ketiga, menganalisis dan menginterpretasikan data yang telah diseleksi. Tahap keempat, melakukan penulisan dan konstruksi hasil penelitian. Teori yang digunakan: estetika, hegemoni, semiotika, dan dekonstruksi.Hasil penelitian: Pertama, proses munculnya Panggung Bangsawan, realitasnya meliputi prapentas, peristiwa pentas, dan pascapentas. Pada masa prapentas dan pascapentas ini, muncul pertarungan wacana dengan berbagai kepentingan perorangan atau kelompok. Kedua, peran negara terhadap Panggung Bangsawan, menumbuhkan hegemonisasi. Hegemoni tersebut berdampak pada pergeseran isi cerita tentang kekuasaan. Pada zaman Orde Lama, sistem politik yang berlaku mengikuti pola mechanics of power, sedangkan zaman Orde Baru mengikuti pola poetics of power. Ketiga, makna politik kebudayaan dalam kaitannya dengan identitas budaya Melayu, bahwa setelah dilaksanakan Revitalisasi Budaya Melayu 2004, pemahaman alam Melayu bergeser, mulanya memiliki batasan yang mengeras, sekarang batasan itu mencair. Identitas budaya Melayu yang baru bukan berdasarkan pada konvensi agama tertentu, melainkan lebih pluralistik.

CONFLICT BETWEEN TWO VILLAGES ON TELEVISION SCREEN: ANALYSIS OF THE DISCOURSE OF BALI TV COVERAGE ON KEMONING-BUDAGA CASE Wirawan, I Komang Arba; Ardika, I Wayan Ardika; Wirawan, A.A. Bagus Wirawan
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 2 (2015): Volume 8, Number 2, May 2015
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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This study is intended to analyze the discourse of Bali TV coverage on the Kemoning –Budaga case, Bali, a conflict which took place on 17 September 2011, which led to discourse of the dispersal of the traditional village ‘desa pakraman’. Such coverage of the case was considered blaming the Governor of Bali, Mangku Pastika. He was reported to intend to disperse the traditional villages in Bali. The Bali TV and Bali Post, which are under the Bali Post Media Group ‘Kelompok Media Bali Post’ (abbreviated to KMB) continuously exploited the discourse of the dispersal of the traditional village subjectively. The Governor of Bali, Mangku Made Pastika, did not accept that and prosecuted the Bali Post in Denpasar Court of First Instance ‘Pengadilan Negeri Denpasar’. The theory of discourse, the theory of agenda setting, the framing theory, and the theory of semiotics are used in the present study. The result of the analysis shows that the conflict between Kemoning Village and Budaga Village covered by the Bali Post was an extended discourse of the Bali Post printed media which was managed using a clear setting agenda for the social, political, and ideological interests of the KMB’s Ajeg Bali. The relation between the Governor of Bali, Mangku Made Pastika, and KMB, which was good in the beginning, changed into a serious conflict. It is interesting to explore the discourse of the Bali TV’s news release which aggravated the conflict in order to identify the subjective agenda of the news broadcasting policy and the counter discourse as the response to it. The main data of the present study are the discourse of the news released by the Bali TV on the Kemoning-Budaga case. The data were in the forms of the documents of the materials which were once presented. The Governor of Bali, Mangku Made Pastika, made use of the Department of the Public Relations of the Government of Bali Province and the media beyond the KMB such as the TVRI Bali and Radar Bali to present his counter discourse. The discourse on the Kemoning-Budaga Case shows a real example how the mass media do not pay attention to objectivity for the sake of power.

CULTURAL CAPITAL AS TOURISM DEVELOPMENT BASIS IN TRADITIONAL VILLAGE OF KUTA Sumadi, Ketut; Ardika, I Wayan; Kutha Ratna, I Nyoman; Mariyah, Emiliana
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 4, No. 2 Juli 2010
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Tourism is a favourite sector in improving Bali revenue and kind of tourismdeveloped is cultural one. In cultural tourism, it takes place meaning modification ofcultural practice by krama (member) of traditional village) in order to cultural capitalcan survive in the middle of tourism dynamic condition. This research entitled“Cultural capital as tourism development basis in traditional village of Kuta”, byproposing three problems, namely how is the process of cultural capital as tourismdevelopment basis, what factors can motivate tourism capital as tourism developmentbasis, and what is the meaning of cultural capital as tourism development basis.The research is conducted using qualitative method and cultural studiesapproach, so data analysis is conducted in descriptive qualitative and interpretativeones. Selection of traditional village of Kuta as research location based onconsideration that traditional village of Kuta having integrated tourism facilities forfacilities addressed to member of traditional village. The review about culturalcapital as the tourism development basis in this traditional village of Kuta, eclecticstheories consisting of Hegemonic theory of Gramsci, co-modification theory of KarlMarx and Adorno, discourse-power/knowledge and truth theory of Foucoult anddeconstruction theory of Derrida.Based on the research output, it can be known: (1) Cultural capital process astourism development basis in traditional village of Kuta is inseparable fromforeigners arrival in traditional village of Kuta, the entrance of Military (TheCooperative Center of Arm Force) in managing Kuta beach and the occurrence ofBali bombing tragedy on October 12th, 2002; (2) The factors that motivate culturalcapital as the tourism development basis in traditional village of Kuta, such asmotivation and the necessity of tourists visiting traditional village of Kuta, tourismhegemony, changing of life philosophy of member of traditional village fromidealism into pragmatism one and the image as global village; (3) Cultural village astourism development basis in traditional village of Kuta has innovation, religious,preservation of cultural, political identity and prosperity meanings.Behind the success of cultural capital as tourism development basis, itimproves live prosperity, and also it causes negative effect such as there is krama(member) of traditional village for losing their cultural capital. They aremarginalized in economic field as they have no cultural capital in term of knowledgeand skill in tourism area and it is said to be “kidang nyirig pangkung”; they cannot utilize the opportunity of tourism market well. As consequence in traditional villageof Kuta, there are still poor families and they have no suitable housing.

GENEALOGY OF TABUT RITUAL CULTURAL AESTHETICS OF THE SUMATRAN WEST COASTAL COMMUNITY KHANIZAR, KHANIZAR; Wirawan, AA Bagus; Sulistyawati, Sulistyawati; Sukardja, Putu
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 9, No 3 (2016): August 2016
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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The tabut ritual is performed in the West Coastal area of Sumatera to commemorate Imam Husein Bin Ali Abi Thalib when he was captured by the soldiers of Yazid Muawiyah in Padang Karbala. It is performed once a year, from the first to the tenth of Muharam, which is counted based on the Hijirah year. This present study is intended to investigate the form, function, and meaning of the genealogy of the tabut ritual which is performed in and as the identity of the West Coastal Area of Sumatera. It tries to (1) discuss and deconstruct the values of such a ritual as the community’s identity which tightens the cultural value of the Sumatran West Coastal community; (2) exploits the tabut ritual as the form of the Sumatran West Coastal community’s identity; (3) apply the function of the ethnical aesthetics; (4) explain the aesthetic meaning in its relation to religion and customs and traditions. Three theories were used to answer the problems of the study; they are the theory of genealogy proposed by Michel Foucault and the postcolonial theory. What could be concluded from the present study are as follows. The genealogical forms of the tabut ritual which is performed in the West Coastal are of Sumatera reflects the community’s cultural aesthetics and functions to purify the soul; it also reflects religiosity, mystical and aesthetic experience and the hegemony which exceeds the postcolonial patronage, meaning that such a ritual has the purification function. It also reflects the cosmological aesthetics of the supporting community. It has deconstruction and aesthetical genealogical meaning.

WORKING AS VENDORS AS A PROFESSION CHOSEN BY PEOPLE WITH LIMITED CAPITALS IN TOURISM SECTOR IN BALI Ary Widiastini, Ni Made
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 7, Number 1, February 2014
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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This study was intended to present the matters pertaining to the attempts made by the vendors ‘pedagang acung’ to keep being independent in tourism sector in Bali. As working people with extremely limited capitals, the principle of giving priority to safety is applicable to them. They sell souvenirs with limited capitals obtained from various souvenir entrepreneurs coming from different parts of Bali. The risk of suffering from loss has never caused them to find any difficulty. This qualitative study was conducted in the paradigm of cultural studies. The data were presented and interpreted in the form of narrative texts which are thick descriptive in nature. The result of the study showed that working as vendors was still a profession which contributed to the decrease in unemployment in an area. This is in line with the concept of poststructuralism that people are basically referred to as homo faber, namely, the working creature, meaning that working is highly important to man. This means that employment does not only give the opportunity to generate income but also importantly means that employment is a personal identity. As a consequence, if working is different from not working or being jobless, then such a choice does not only lead to an opposing binary but also to a hierarchical social division and a structured social gap between those who are employed and those who are not. They all positively contribute to themselves, environment, entrepreneurs, and the local government.

TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN THE WORLD CULTURAL HERITAGE AREA OF SUBAK JATILUWIH, TABANAN, BALI Susila, I Gede
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 11, Number 2, May 2018
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Subak Jatiluwih in Tabanan Regency, Bali, has double status. On the one hand the Subak (water irrigation system) is a tourist attraction (destination), and on the other hand its status is as World Cultural Heritage (Warisan Budaya Dunia or WBD). Related to that matter, this paper describes two things: (1) the development of tourism facilities in Subak Jatiluwih area, and (2) the financial input in managing Jatiluwih tourist attraction and its distribution. This is a qualitative study. The data found is analyzed using qualitative data analysis. The result of study shows that, regarding the double status as stated above, it is precisely within the perceptions of local community about the status of Subak Jatiluwih as WBD are related to "tourism brand". Therefore, the development of tourism facilities that violate the provisions of the law in the area of ??Subat Jatiluwih WBD was inevitable. On the rice fields in the subak, area parking lots of buses and restaurants have been built. Thus, there are some conversion of rice field into parking lots and restaurants in the area of ??the WBD. Specifically in relation to financial input in the management of DTW Jatiluwih, it turns out financial input reaches hundreds of millions of dollars even nearly 1 billion per month. The distribution of the results of the DTW (daerah tujuan wisata or tourist destination) management is conducted with the management of the parties based on justice that is tailored to the contribution and needs of each manager. This means that the greater the contribution and the needs of the parties involved in managing the DTW, the greater the share of the financial results it receives.

DECONSTRUCTING THE IDEOLOGY OF RESISTANCE SHOWN BY THE PEOPLE LIVING AT CANDIKUNING VILLAGE TO THE MANAGEMENT OF EKA KARYA BALI BOTANICAL GARDEN Sujana, I Wayan; Wirawan, A.A Bagus; Sirtha, I Nyoman; Dhana, I Nyoman
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 9 No 1 (2016): Volume 9, Number 1, February 2016
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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The people living at Candikuning Village are not involved in the management of the Eka Karya Bali Botanical Garden; however, they intend to enjoy the retribution which is received by the Botanical Garden, for which they show their resistance to the management. This article is intended to understand the ideology which has inspired the local people to argue that they are entitled to the retribution received by the Eka Karya Bali Botanical Garden. The data were collected through in-depth interview, observation, and documentation techniques. The data were critically analyzed using the deconstruction method. Based on the analysis of the facts which had inspired the resistance shown by the local people living at Candi Kuning Village to the management of the Bali Eka Karya Botanical Garden, it could be understood that the geopolitical ideology was used as the basis of the resistance. Therefore, the management of the Bali Eka Karya Botanical Garden should give some of the retribution they received to the local people. The Botanical garden is located at Candikuning Village or part of the area of Candikuning Village. However, the village had never received any retribution from the Botanical Garden. The management should remember the proverb “di mana bumi dipijak di situ langit dijunjung” (we should adjust ourselves to the environment where we stay), based on the philosophy of Tri Hita Karana, meaning that the management should give retribution to the temple located at the area of the Botanical Garden.

HEGEMONY OF CHEMISTRY LEARNING IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN BALI PROVINCE Lanang Wiaratma, I Gusti
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 6, Number 2, Agustus 2013
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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This study was intended to explain the power and the struggle of meaning behind the hegemony taking place in the management of Chemistry learning in the senior high schools developed to be the ones with International status “rintisan sekolah bertaraf internasional” (SMA RSBI) in Bali. This could be observed from the management of Chemistry learning in SMA RSBI in Bali Province which tended to develop the students’ competence in the cognitive domain. This was done to make the students able to pass the national examination and to be the winners in academic competitions. The main theory used in the present study was the theory of hegemony, eclectically supported by several other theories. The method used in the present study was the qualitative method in which the sample was purposively determined. The data were collected through observation, interview, and documentation. The instrument used was an interview guide. The data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results of the study showed that the management of Chemistry learning was not optimal yet; it tended to be partially developed. The reason was that there was hegemony of the dominating class over the dominated class, hegemony of the teachers over the students. The students did not acquire maximum learning experience as prescribed in the curriculum. What was developed was the students’ competence in the cognitive domain. This took place due to the politics of image which maintained the status quo which tended to comodify education.

ENTREPRENEURAL FIGURE OF MOUNT AGUNG TREKKING GUIDES Mudana, I Gede; Sutama, I Ketut; Widhari, Cokorda Istri Sri
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 10, Number 3, August 2017
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Mount Agung with an altitude of 3,142 meters from sea level stood at the coordinates of 8020'27 "S 115030'12" E, circled along 105 kilometers (65 miles), and classified as a volcanic type monoconic strato. The highest mountain in Bali Province was located in Selat District, Karangasem Regency. It got a last major eruption in 1963 and since then began to be climbed by climbers/tourists. Because in 1970s and 1980s some climbers/tourists very often got lost and accidents to death, since the 1990s a number of the local community members took initiative to serve the climbers/tourists who want to explore the mountain known as holy and sacred one. This study was conducted in order to understand and describe the pioneering aspects of entrepreneurial figure of the related trekking guides. It was a qualitative study with a qualitative data analysis. The results of this study showed that because Mount Agung was not an ordinary mountain but full of myths and stories that were supernatural, so the entrepreneurial practices of the Selat Village community appeared not only to serve the climbers/trekkers as usual but also to preserve the environment and ensure their safety as there were so many taboos in the climbing/trekking. All these facts can be seen from the depiction of the stories and experiences of the local climbing/trekking guides who had been doing their work for years. As entrepreneurs, they looked for income but, above all, environmental sustainability and the spirituality of the mountain werw not neglected.

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