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Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 19783728     EISSN : 24429740     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry
The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) (e-ISSN:2442-9740; p-ISSN:1978-3728) is published by the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Its diciplinary focus is dental science and dental hygiene. The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) is published in English on a quarterly basis with each 50-60 page edition containing between nine and eleven scientific articles on research, study literature and case studies. Contributors to the Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) included: dental researchers, dental practitioners, lecturers, and students drawn from Indonesia and a wide range of other countries.
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Articles 964 Documents
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Addition of gourami (Osphronemus goramy) fish scale powder on porosity of glass ionomer cement Erawati Wulandari; Farah Rachmah Aulia Wardani; Nadie Fatimattuzahro; I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 55 No. 1 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i1.p33-37

Abstract

Background: Porosity is one of the disadvantages of glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorative materials, as it causes a reduction in strength and durability; the greater the porosity, the lower the strength of the restorative material and vice versa. As gourami fish scales contain calcium and phosphate, they have the potential to reduce the porosity of GIC. Purpose: This study aimed to analyse the effect of adding gourami fish scale powder (GFSP) on the pore size and porosity level of the GIC. Methods: This experimental research included a post-test-only control. The GFSP was fabricated using the freeze-drying method. Sixteen Fuji IX Extra sample cylinders with a diameter of 5 mm and a height of 3 mm were divided into four groups: K0, which comprised GIC without the addition of GFSP; K1, which contained GIC powder + 2.5% GFSP (by weight); K2, which comprised GIC powder + 5% GFSP (by weight), and K3, which contained GIC powder + 10% GFSP (by weight). The samples were observed using scanning electron microscopy and measured using ImageJ software. Data were analysed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Results: The addition of 2.5% GFSP (by weight) produced the smallest pore size and lowest porosity, while the one-way ANOVA test results were significant among all groups at p = 0.000. There was no significant difference in pore sizes between K0 and K1 (p = 0.359), but a significant difference was found in the level of porosity (p = 0.024). Conclusion: The addition of GFSP affected the porosity of the GIC; the pore size and porosity level of the GIC were reduced by the addition of 2.5% GFSP.
Progressivity analysis of pleomorphic adenoma toward carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma Mei Syafriadi; Dina Zakiyatul Ummah; Aisyah Izzatul Muna; Maria Evata Krismawati Surya
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 55 No. 1 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i1.p1-6

Abstract

Background: Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is a benign salivary gland tumour with high incidence and recurrence after treatment. It may recur with the same appearance or develop toward malignancy, namely as carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA). Howthis tumour can transform into a CXPA remains unclear. Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyse the possibility of pathogenesis and progressivity of PA to CXPA. Methods: Twenty-four samples of PA and three control samples of CXPA were stained with haematoxylin and eosin (HE), Mallory’s trichrome, and Periodic acid–Schiff (PAS). All of the PA cases were identified through different kinds of stroma, tumour cells types, morphologic patterns, or else through atypical appearance of the PA similar to the CXPA. Results: Twenty-four samples of PA demonstrated that the most dominant stroma was myxofibrous, and the dominant tumour cell type was plasmacytoid cells with a trabecular pattern. Additionally, in the pleomorphic histological picture of adenomas we found several patterns of malignant tumour behaviour, including pseudopodia, metaplasia and hyalinisation, and cholesterol crystals that are thought to come from fat cell necrosis derived from adipose metaplasia. Conclusions: PA displays several atypical characteristics that have the potential to develop into malignancies such as CXPA, due to capsular infiltration, necrosis, hyalinization and high mitotic activity of cells, but all these atypical characteristics that we observed still cannot be clearly classified as CXPA because they require other specific examinations.
Tumor necrosis factor-α and osterix expression after the transplantation of a hydroxyapatite scaffold from crab shell (Portunus pelagicus) in the post-extraction socket of Cavia cobaya Irvan Salim; Michael Josef Kridanto Kamadjaja; Agus Dahlan
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 55 No. 1 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i1.p26-32

Abstract

Background: Socket preservation using bone graft is one way to minimise resorption and maximise the bone formation process. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is an inflammatory cytokine that affects bone regenerating osteoblast activity, while osterix (Osx) is an osteoblast-specific transcription factor that activates gene receptors during pre-osteoblast differentiation. The hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold from crab shells (Portunus pelagicus) has osteoconduction properties. Purpose: To analyse the decrease of TNF-α expression and the increase of Osx expression and the correlation between these two in the post-extraction socket after the transplantation of a crab shell HA scaffold. Methods: The lower left incisors of Cavia cobaya (n = 24) were extracted and divided into four groups: the first and second groups were control groups on Day 7 and Day 14 (K7 and K14), the third and fourth groups were treatment groups (P7 and P14). The statistical analysis used was a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) with a significance level of 0.05. Results: A MANOVA test showed that the use of crab shell HA scaffolds led to a significant difference (p < 0.05) in TNF-α expression (p = 0.01) and Osx expression (p = 0.01). A Pearson correlation test result showed a strong inverse correlation between TNF-α and Osx expressions (p = 0.00 and r = -0.78). Conclusion: The transplantation of HA scaffolds from crab shells can decrease TNF-α expression but increase Osx expression in the post-extraction socket of C. cobayas. Furthermore, an inverse correlation was found between TNF-α and Osx.
Exercise as a method to reduce the risk of oral cancer: A narrative review Anis Irmawati; Lia Aulia Rachma; S. Sidarningsih; Muhammad Naufal Hatta; Ira Arundina; Mohammed Aljunaid
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 55 No. 1 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i1.p56-61

Abstract

Background: Cancer is a major cause of death worldwide. One of the most common forms of cancer is oral cancer, which can occur due to exposure to carcinogenic factors, such as tobacco cigarettes, alcohol, betel-nut chewing, ultraviolet rays or human papillomavirus infection. Physical exercise is known to have many benefits and can contribute to reducing the risk of cancer, minimising the side-effects of treatment and increasing the curative effect of cancer treatment. Purpose: This study aimed to explain the role of exercise as a method to reduce oral cancer risk. Reviews: Studies examining the impact of exercise on reducing oral cancer risk are currently limited due to a lack of research on this subject. However, according to several laboratory experimental research studies on Mus musculus test subjects, moderate-intensity exercise contributes to suppressing the proliferation and development of oral squamous epithelial cells, which can subsequently become cancer cells. Exercise can also increase intracellular proteins that can induce apoptosis in cells (e.g. wild protein p53, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, and caspase-3), and can also decrease p53 mutant expression and transformed cells that can trigger cancer. Exercise must be optimally performed to prevent or control cancer symptoms, although the exact duration and intensity of exercise required to reduce cancer risk in humans have not been established. Conclusion: Exercise plays a role in reducing oral cancer risk by inducing apoptosis and preventing the development of transformed cells that can lead to developing cancer.
The effect of an 8% cocoa bean extract gel on the healing of alveolar osteitis following tooth extraction in Wistar rats I. Isnandar; Olivia Avriyanti Hanafiah; Muhammad Fauzan Lubis; Lokot Donna Lubis; Adzimatinur Pratiwi; Yeheskiel Satria Yoga Erlangga
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 55 No. 1 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i1.p7-12

Abstract

Background: Alveolar osteitis is a well-known complication that occurs following a tooth extraction when the clot within the socket breaks down too early, causing increased localised inflammation and extreme pain. Alveolar osteitis delays the wound healing process of the socket. The polyphenols in the cocoa bean (Theobroma cacao L.) can stimulate the wound healing process. Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of an 8% cocoa bean extract gel on the healing of alveolar osteitis following a tooth extraction. Methods: This study is an in vivo experiment with a posttest-only control group design. Thirty-six male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: a negative control, positive control and an 8% cocoa bean extract gel. A tooth extraction was performed on the mandibular incisor, and alveolar osteitis was induced by the application of adrenaline using a paper point on the socket. On the 3rd, 7th and 14th days, the clinical wound size of the extraction socket was measured, and the rats were sacrificed to observe the number of macrophages, fibroblasts and osteoblasts microscopically. A two-way analysis of variance test and post hoc least significant difference test were used to analyse the data (p < 0.05). Results: The data analysis showed a significant difference in the clinical wound size of the extraction socket and the number of macrophages, fibroblasts and osteoblasts between the 8% cocoa bean extract gel and the control groups (p = 0.000). Conclusion: An 8% cocoa bean extract gel stimulates the healing of alveolar osteitis following tooth extraction in Wistar rats.
The effects of unilateral posterior crossbite toward the superficial masseter and anterior temporalis on muscle activity during mastication: A surface electromyographic study Agnes Imelda Izach; C. Christnawati; Darmawan Susantyo
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 55 No. 1 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i1.p38-43

Abstract

Background: Adapted patterns of mastication caused by unilateral posterior crossbite require early orthodontic treatment to prevent permanent muscle change. Stable orthodontic results depend on the harmonious contraction of the occlusion and masticatory muscles. Purpose: Using surface electromyography, this study aimed to analyse the effects of unilateral posterior crossbite on the superficial masseter as well as anterior temporalis muscle activity on the crossbite and non-crossbite sides during chewing soft and hard foods. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 20 subjects with at least two posterior teeth who had a unilateral posterior crossbite without mandible shifting. Surface electromyography was used to measure activity amplitudes for the superficial masseter and the anterior temporalis muscles while chewing soft and hard foods. An independent t-test was used to determine the mean difference between chewing soft and hard foods through the superficial masseter and anterior temporalis muscles. Results: Results showed a significant difference in amplitude mean between crossbite and non-crossbite sides of the superficial masseter and anterior temporalis muscles with both soft and hard food chewing (p < 0.05). The study also revealed a decrease in the activities of superficial masseter and anterior temporalis muscles when masticating soft and hard foods on the crossbite sides as compared to the non-crossbite sides. Conclusion: A unilateral posterior crossbite results in a decrease in the superficial masseter and the anterior temporalis muscle activity when masticating both soft and hard foods on the crossbite side.
A comparison of the accuracy of the cervical vertebrae maturation stage method and Demirjian’s method on mandibular length growth Alfira Putriana Dewi; Seno Pradopo; Sindy Cornelia Nelwan
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 55 No. 1 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i1.p13-15

Abstract

Background: Malocclusion is one of the most familiar dental problems, with a high prevalence among the population. Understanding the patient’s craniofacial growth and development is crucial in diagnosis, as are the planning and subsequent success of the treatment. Malocclusion needs to be treated early to optimise the outcome achieved by the treatment. One of the most common types of malocclusions observed in clinics is crowding. The craniofacial bone relevant to the treatment of crowding is the mandible, defined as the mandibular length from the condylion to gnathion areas. When planning treatment, clinicians may experience difficulties in determining the biological age of patient, particularly when supporting diagnostic tools are not available. The indicators of biological age can be observed by the assessment of bone maturation using the cervical vertebrae maturation (CVM) method and by the analysis of tooth maturation using Demirjian’s method. However, limited studies are available regarding the accuracy of these methods as diagnostic tools. Purpose: This study aims to analyse the accuracy of the CVM method compared with Demirjian’s method concerning mandibular length growth. Methods: An analytic research method and a cross-sectional design are employed. The research sample comprised 50 lateral cephalometric and panoramic photos of children aged 8-16 years. Data were collected by analysing the maturity level of the cervical vertebrae and the teeth, and measuring the mandible length of the children in the photos. The statistical test used was the Wilcoxon test. Results: The results of the Wilcoxon test for the asymptotic sign had a p-value of 0.116 > 0.05, indicating no significant difference between the CVM and Demirjian methods. Conclusion: Both of the methods noted above yielded equally accurate results for determining mandibular length growth.
The pore size of chitosan-Aloe vera scaffold and its effect on VEGF expressions and woven alveolar bone healing of tooth extraction of Cavia cobaya S. Sularsih
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 53 No. 3 (2020): September 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i3.p115-121

Abstract

Background: Pore size of scaffolds affects cellular activity, stimulates angiogenetic factors of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), synthesises new blood vessels to regulate migration and proliferation, and accelerates alveolar bone healing of tooth extraction. Purpose: This study aims to analyse the pore size of chitosan-Aloe vera scaffold and its effects on VEGF expression and woven alveolar bone healing of tooth extraction of Cavia cobaya. Methods: 36 male Cavia cobaya, aged 3-3.5 months were divided into six groups: negative control groups (without scaffold), positive control groups (chitosan scaffold), and treatment groups (chitosan-Aloe vera scaffold) on 7- and 14-day observations. Histopathological examination was performed to account the woven alveolar bone areas, and immunohistochemical examination was conducted to examine VEGF expressions on endothelial cells. Data was analysed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and least significant difference (LSD) test (p<0.05). Scaffold pore size examination was performed with scanning electron microscope (SEM) with 250x and 500x magnification. Results: Chitosan-Aloe vera scaffold was found to have open pore interconnectivity, the largest pore size was 138.9 μm, while the smallest was 110.5 μm and average pore size was 134.85 μm. The highest expression of VEGF was observed in the treatment group on days 7 (11.5 ±1.39)  and 14 (15.28±1.78), while the largest woven alveolar bone was observed in the treatment group on days 7(17.83±1.47) and 14 (37.67±3.65). Statistically, there was a significant difference between control groups and the treatment groups (p=0.000; p<0.05). Conclusion: Chitosan-Aloe vera scaffold has pore characteristics increasing VEGF expressions and woven alveolar bone areas.
The correlation between dental caries and serum iron (Fe) levels in female students of Mamba’ul Khoiriyatil Islamiyah (MHI) Madrasa in Jember, East Java, Indonesia Ristya Widi Endah Yani; Taufan Bramantoro; Farida Wahyuningtyas; Talitha Zulis Islaamy
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 53 No. 3 (2020): September 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i3.p153-158

Abstract

Background: Dental caries may cause discomfort and pain when chewing food, which in turn leads to insufficient absorption of nutrients, including iron, by the body. Lack of iron intake can cause iron-deficiency anaemia. Iron deficiency may also decrease salivary secretion and buffer capacity due to reduced salivary gland function, which may lead to dental caries. Purpose: This study aims to analyse the correlation between dental caries and serum iron (Fe) levels in the students of Mamba’ul Khoiriyati Islamiyah (MHI) Madrasa Aliyah in Bangsalsari Jember. Methods: Out of 71 students aged 15-18 years, 24 students were examined for caries with the DMF-T index and blood samples were also collected using the phlebotomy technique to assess the serum iron (Fe) level in µg/dL. The data were analysed using the Spearman’s correlation test (α = 0.05). Results: The average DMF-T score was high (7 ± 3.4) and the average serum iron (Fe) level was below normal (38 ± 11.5 µg/dL). The Spearman’s correlation test for dental caries and serum iron (Fe) levels showed significant results (p <0.05). Conclusion: The occurrence of dental caries correlates with serum iron (Fe) levels. The higher the level of serum iron (Fe), the lower the level of dental caries.
Acceleration of post-tooth extraction socket healing after continuous aerobic and anaerobic physical exercise in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) Aqsa Sjuhada Oki; Moch Febi Alviansyah; Christian Khoswanto; Retno Pudji Rahayu; Muhammad Luthfi
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 53 No. 4 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i4.p196-200

Abstract

Background: Physical exercise has been proven to accelerate wound healing. Physical training itself consists of aerobic (continuous training) and anaerobic (interval training) exercise. The effectiveness of continuous physical exercise on post-tooth extraction wound healing is the focus of this study. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the differences in post-tooth extraction wound healing in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) after aerobic and anaerobic exercise based on the number of fibroblasts and neovascularisation. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into three groups: the control group (K1); K2 undertook continuous aerobic exercise, swimming at 50% maximum swimming capacity (MSC) with an additional 3% bodyweight load; K3 undertook anaerobic continuous exercise, swimming at 65% MSC with a 6% load. The rats swam three times per week for six weeks. The number of fibroblasts and neovascularisation were examined three days after tooth extraction. Data was analysed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Least Significant Difference (LSD) tests (p<0.05). Results: There was a significant difference in the number of fibroblasts between the K2 and K3 groups. There was no significant difference between K2 and K3 in the amount of neovascularisation. Conclusion: There were differences in the number of fibroblasts but not neovascularisation after tooth extraction in Wistar rats given aerobic and anaerobic continuous training.

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