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INDONESIA
Biomedical Journal of Indonesia
Published by Universitas Sriwijaya
ISSN : 24077097     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology
Biomedical Journal of Indonesia is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that focus on basic medical sciences, emphasizing on providing the molecular studies of biomedical problems and molecular mechanisms to integrate researches in all aspects of human health. BJI is dedicated to publishing original research and review articles covering all aspects of biomedical sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Anatomi
Articles 405 Documents
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The Role of Diabetes Mellitus Panel on Kidney Function Decline in Elderly Population: Cross-Sectional Study Gunawan, Shirly; Kosasih, Robert; Firmansyah, Yohanes; Santoso, Alexander Halim; Wijaya, Bryan Anna; Bambang, Kresna; Pratomo, Farhan
Biomedical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): Vol 12, No 1, 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bji.v12i1.293

Abstract

Introduction. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health issue, particularly among the elderly, where metabolic disturbances accelerate renal decline. Diabetes mellitus contributes to kidney dysfunction through insulin resistance and altered glycemic control. This study investigates the relationship between diabetes-related parameters—fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and kidney function, as measured by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in an elderly population. Methods. A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted among 82 elderly residents of Bina Bhakti Nursing Home. Venous blood samples were collected to assess fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR. Kidney function was estimated using the CKD-EPI equation. Results. Age showed a significant negative correlation with eGFR (r = –0.266, p = 0.016), indicating age-related renal decline. HOMA-IR (r = 0.247, p = 0.025) and fasting insulin (r = 0.224, p = 0.043) demonstrated weak but significant positive correlations with eGFR. Conversely, fasting glucose (r = 0.055, p = 0.623) and HbA1c (r = 0.029, p = 0.795) had negligible, non-significant correlations with eGFR, suggesting limited predictive value for renal impairment. Insulin growth factor exhibited a weak, non-significant negative correlation (r = –0.104, p = 0.355). Conclusion. Age remains a key determinant of declining kidney function in the elderly. Insulin resistance markers showed mild but unexpected associations, warranting further longitudinal studies to confirm these findings and explore underlying mechanisms.
Association Between Mean Platelet Volume to Lymphocyte Ratio (MPVLR) and Diabetic Nephropathy Incidence in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Maisharah; Siregar, Jelita; Syafril, Santi
Biomedical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): Vol 12, No 1, 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bji.v12i1.295

Abstract

Introduction. Diabetic nephropathy is a microvascular complication of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM), with inflammation among its underlying pathogenesis. Inflammation causes fibrosis, increased vascular permeability, and podocytopathy, which lead to albuminuria. Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) measures thrombocyte size, which may mark increased metabolic and enzymatic activity of thrombocytes. An absolute decrease in lymphocytes occurs due to inflammation-induced decrease in apoptosis. MPVLR value can be used to assess low-grade inflammation in diabetic nephropathy in type 2 DM patients. This study aimed to determine the association between MPVLR values and diabetic nephropathy incidence in type 2 DM. Methods. This study was a cross-sectional study on type 2 DM patients at the Endocrinology outpatient clinic of Adam Malik Hospital aged ≥ 18 years. Sixty patients met the inclusion criteria. Complete blood count, creatinine, and albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) were performed to determine the incidence of diabetic nephropathy. Results. There was a significant difference in age between the diabetic nephropathy and non-nephropathy groups. There were significant differences in absolute lymphocyte count, Hb, HbA1c, and renal parameters such as estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) and creatinine between diabetic nephropathy and non-nephropathy groups. MPVLR showed a significant negative correlation with eGFR and Hb (r = -0.325, p = 0.011), showing that MPVLR increased in line with eGFR and Hb decrease. MPVLR was not significantly associated with diabetic nephropathy incidence based on semiquantitative ACR (p = 0.139). Conclusion. MPVLR was not associated with diabetic nephropathy in type 2 DM patients.
Monoclonal Antibody Therapies for HPV-Associated Cervical Cancer: A Literature Review Janah, Dariatul; Yasmon, Andi
Biomedical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): Vol 12, No 1, 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bji.v12i1.297

Abstract

Cervical cancer is a malignancy in gynecology attributable to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection with high prevalence and mortality caused by persistent infections of hr-HPV 16 and 18. HPV with various virulence factors can evade the immune system and integrate its genetic material into the host cell DNA. HPV replication only occurs in differentiated cells in the upper layer of the mucosal epithelium or skin developing into cancer. Globally, approximately 70% of patients diagnosed with cervical cancer present at an advanced or late stage causing therapy to be ineffective. The use of HPV-specific monoclonal antibodies for therapy with cervical cancer, as an alternative or complement will give new insight into managing the patients. The development of monoclonal antibodies having potential as an alternative therapy began to be used as a therapy in the advanced, recurrent, persistent or metastatic cervical cancer. This review specifically discusses monoclonal antibodies that have been approved by FDA for therapy against cervical cancer. In clinical trials, adding bevacizumab to combination chemotherapy extended median overall survival by 3.7 months in patients with recurrent, persistent, or metastatic cervical cancer. Pembrolizumab significantly prolonged progression-free and overall survival compared to placebo when combine to chemotherapy (with or without bevacizumab) in similar patient populations. Likewise, tisotumab-vedotin demonstrated greater over chemotherapy as second-line or third-line therapy for recurrent cervical cancer. Therefore, this article review aims to describe the types and roles of monoclonal antibodies that have potential to be used as a single or combination therapy especially chemotherapy for patients with cervical cancer.
Comparison of the Castelli-II Index Between Normal Weight Obesity and Obese Medical Students Alimbran, Fadhilah Adawiyyah; de Lima, Filda Vionita Irene; Latuconsina, Vina Zakiah; Agustin, Rachmawati Dwi; Latief, Rahmi R.; Irwan
Biomedical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): Vol 12, No 1, 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bji.v12i1.309

Abstract

Introduction. Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality in Indonesia, with obesity recognized as a major risk factor. Excess body weight not only contributes to obesity but also alters lipid metabolism, thereby accelerating atherosclerosis. Interestingly, not all individuals with metabolic risk exhibit excess weight. This condition, termed normal weight obesity (NWO), describes individuals with a normal BMI (18.5-24.9 kg/m2) but an elevated body fat percentage (men >25%, women >30%). One of the important predictors of cardiovascular risk is the Castelli-II Index, defined as the LDL/HDL ratio, which reflects the balance between atherogenic and protective lipoproteins. This study aimed to evaluate the Castelli-II Index as a predictor of cardiovascular disease in individuals with NWO and obesity among medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pattimura. Methods. An analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach was employed. A total of 52 respondents were recruited, comprising 26 individuals with NWO and 26 with obesity. BMI and body fat composition were assessed using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA), while LDL and HDL levels were determined through direct enzymatic testing. Results. Bivariate analysis using the chi-square test demonstrated no statistically significant difference in the Castelli-II Index between the NWO and obesity groups (p = 0.235). Conclusion. In conclusion, despite differences in body composition, the Castelli-II Index did not significantly differ between students with NWO and those with obesity. Further studies with larger and more diverse samples are recommended to validate the role of the Castelli-II Index in predicting cardiovascular risk among young adults.
Comparative Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus and S. pyogenes to Musa paradisiaca Linn Leaf Extract and Fusidic Acid in Impetigo Patients Inda Astri Aryani; Winny Astria, Maretha; Novriani, Rina; Amelinda, Aulia Rosa
Biomedical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): Vol 12, No 1, 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bji.v12i1.298

Abstract

Introduction. An estimated 12% of the world’s population is at risk of experiencing impetigo. The prevalence of impetigo in developing countries ranges from 111 to 140 million cases. Impetigo often occurs in children aged 2-5 years. One way to overcome this condition involves using natural products or phytochemicals that are effective, safe, and economical. One of the Indonesian plants that can be used as an alternative medicine with antibacterial effects is the kepok banana leaves (Musa paradisiaca Linn). This study aimed to assess the susceptibility of S. aureus and S. pyogenes to the antimicrobial potential of the extract of M. paradisiaca leaf extract and fusidic acid using isolates from impetigo patients. Methods. This in vitro experimental study used a post-test-only control-group design. Bacterial isolates were obtained from impetigo patients and tested using the disk diffusion method following CLSI standards. Group comparisons were conducted using the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Mann–Whitney U tests. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. Bivariate analysis showed a significant difference in the susceptibility of S. aureus between fusidic acid and M. paradisiaca extract (p < 0.05), where fusidic acid demonstrated larger inhibition zones. Similarly, a significant difference was observed for S. pyogenes (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the 50% and 100% extract concentrations. Conclusion. M. paradisiaca leaf extract exhibits antibacterial activity against S. aureus and S. pyogenes, but is significantly less effective than standard fusidic acid treatment in vitro.

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