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All Journal Biomedical Journal of Indonesia Jurnal Penelitian Sains Jurnal Respirasi (JR) Molucca Medica Poltekita: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat
Latuconsina, Vina Zakiah
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Physics Public Health

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Journal : Biomedical Journal of Indonesia

 1 
Hypolipidemic Effect of Galoba Fruit (Hornstedtia sp.) Extract on LDL-Cholesterol in Hypercholesterolemic Mice Rahmah, Nadia Fathiyatur; Agustin, Rachmawati; Latief, Rahmi; Sanaky, Marliyati; Latuconsina, Vina Zakiah; Sulfiana
Biomedical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): Vol 12, No 1, 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bji.v12i1.289

Abstract

Introduction. Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), particularly in its oxidized form, contributes to atherosclerosis and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Galoba fruit (Hornstedtia sp.) contains antioxidant phytochemicals that may support lipid regulation. This study evaluated the hypolipidemic effect of Hornstedtia sp. extract in hypercholesterolemic mice. Methods. Twenty-five male mice were randomly assigned to five groups: normal control (KN), negative control (K–, high-fat diet only), positive control (K+, simvastatin 10 mg/kg BW), and two treatment groups receiving Galoba fruit extract at doses of 200 mg/kg BW (P1) and 400 mg/kg BW (P2). Hypercholesterolemia was induced with a high-fat diet, and the extract was prepared by ethanol maceration. Because of limited serum volume, LDL-C levels were estimated indirectly using the Anandaraja equation based on total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. Results. LDL-C levels decreased in the extract-treated groups compared with the negative control. The Kruskal–Wallis test showed significant differences among groups (p < 0.05; overall p = 0.000). The greatest reduction was observed in P1 (11.90 mg/dL), followed by P2 (16.60 mg/dL), although neither exceeded the effect of K+ (7.90 mg/dL). Conclusion. Hornstedtia sp. extract demonstrated potential in lowering LDL-C in hypercholesterolemic mice, suggesting its role as a natural adjunct for lipid control. However, the use of indirect LDL-C estimation and the small sample size warrant cautious interpretation. Further studies with direct lipid profiling and mechanistic exploration are recommended before translational application.
Comparison of the Castelli-II Index Between Normal Weight Obesity and Obese Medical Students Alimbran, Fadhilah Adawiyyah; de Lima, Filda Vionita Irene; Latuconsina, Vina Zakiah; Agustin, Rachmawati Dwi; Latief, Rahmi R.; Irwan
Biomedical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): Vol 12, No 1, 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bji.v12i1.309

Abstract

Introduction. Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality in Indonesia, with obesity recognized as a major risk factor. Excess body weight not only contributes to obesity but also alters lipid metabolism, thereby accelerating atherosclerosis. Interestingly, not all individuals with metabolic risk exhibit excess weight. This condition, termed normal weight obesity (NWO), describes individuals with a normal BMI (18.5-24.9 kg/m2) but an elevated body fat percentage (men >25%, women >30%). One of the important predictors of cardiovascular risk is the Castelli-II Index, defined as the LDL/HDL ratio, which reflects the balance between atherogenic and protective lipoproteins. This study aimed to evaluate the Castelli-II Index as a predictor of cardiovascular disease in individuals with NWO and obesity among medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pattimura. Methods. An analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach was employed. A total of 52 respondents were recruited, comprising 26 individuals with NWO and 26 with obesity. BMI and body fat composition were assessed using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA), while LDL and HDL levels were determined through direct enzymatic testing. Results. Bivariate analysis using the chi-square test demonstrated no statistically significant difference in the Castelli-II Index between the NWO and obesity groups (p = 0.235). Conclusion. In conclusion, despite differences in body composition, the Castelli-II Index did not significantly differ between students with NWO and those with obesity. Further studies with larger and more diverse samples are recommended to validate the role of the Castelli-II Index in predicting cardiovascular risk among young adults.
Co-Authors Agustin, Rachmawati Alimbran, Fadhilah Adawiyyah Anggriyani, Rina Anwar, Rofila Asjad Astuty, Eka Bandjar, Fitri Kadarsih de Lima, Filda Vionita Irene Djoko, Sri Wahyuni Hataul, Is Asmaul Haq Hataul, Is Asma’ul Haq Hutagalung, Ingrid Irwan Irwan Irwan Kailola, Nathalie Kailola, Nathalie Elischeva Kailola, Nathalie Elisvheva Kusadhiani, Indrawanti Latief, Rahmi Latief, Rahmi R. Latief, Rahmi Rifany Latif, Rahmi Latif, Rahmi Rifany Lekatompessy, Jerome Constantine Mainase, Josepina Matdoan, Umi Salma Melmambessy, Martha Mus, Rosdiana Nanlohy, Shelda Friuley Pattiasina, Firensca Rachmawati Dwi Agustin Rachmawati Dwi Agustin Rahmah, Nadia Fathiyatur Said, Ahmad Muntasar Sanaky, Marliyati Seimahuira, Theresia Natalia Souhoka, Meldy Selvi Soumena, Rif'ah Zafarani Soumena, Rifah Zafarani Soumena, Rif’ah Zafarani Sulfiana Tentua, Vebiyanti Titaley, Christiana Rialine Umma, Khaerah Ursula, Yanita Novalina Zain, Marwah Mahrusah