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Salsabilah, Salsabilah
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Distribution of Pneumonia for Toddlers in North Sumatra Province: Analysis of Health Profile Data in 2019 Salsabilah, Salsabilah; Putri, Siti Fatma Ayunda; Sumarni
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): January - April
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v3i1.1578

Abstract

Background: Pneumonia remains the leading cause of mortality among children under five worldwide. According to the Banda Aceh Health Office Report (2018), the number of under-five children affected by pneumonia has increased annually. The highest number of pediatric pneumonia cases was reported in the working area of the UPTD Banda Raya Primary Health Center. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with pneumonia among children under five in the working area of UPTD Banda Raya Primary Health Center, Banda Aceh, in 2019. Objective: This study also aims to describe the distribution of pneumonia cases in North Sumatra Province during the 2019 period based on secondary data obtained from the Provincial Health Profile. Methods: This study employed a case-control (retrospective) design. The study population consisted of all children aged 12–59 months, with a total sample of 142 participants. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate approaches. Bivariate analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test with a 95% confidence level (p-value < 0.05). Results: The results indicated that the significant risk factor associated with pneumonia incidence was house ventilation area (OR = 15.81; 95% CI = 4.70–53.12; p = 0.0001). In contrast, child age (OR = 1.15; 95% CI = 0.54–2.43; p = 0.705), sex (OR = 1.11; 95% CI = 0.57–2.16; p = 0.737), maternal knowledge (OR = 0.38; 95% CI = 0.12–1.24; p = 0.112), and housing density (OR = 1.80; 95% CI = 0.78–4.13; p = 0.163) were not significantly associated with pneumonia incidence among children under five in the study area. Conclusion: The primary risk factor associated with pneumonia among children under five is inadequate house ventilation. Therefore, improving environmental sanitation and promoting clean and healthy living behaviors are essential preventive measures to reduce the incidence of pneumonia. Keywords: under-five pneumonia, health distribution, North Sumatra, health profile
Co-Authors Abdurrahmansyah Abdurrahmansyah, Abdurrahmansyah Ade Evriansyah Lubis Adha, Arfa Adha, Wahdi Arfa Afifa, Zalika Ahmad Jamaan Aidil Syaputra Alendro, Nawla Farsha Almahabatilah, Sheila Amalia, Lala Anggraini, Ayudia Arfa Adha Aulia, Indah Salsa Aulia, Sarah Rizky Azkia Muharom Albantani Claudya, Diska Dedi Haryanto Diyanto, Rahmad Fadhila, Luthfia Rizka Fajriah, Uswatun Fujiaturrahman, Sukron Gani, Miftahul Haifaturrahmah, Haifaturrahmah Hakim Irwandi Marpaung Hamidah, Nining Siti Hidayat, Hirja Hilmi, Agung Indah Indah Irfani, Wan Muhammad Zendi Jumiyati Jumiyati, Jumiyati Khadijah Khadijah Khasanah, Eka Robiul Lisa, Hellya Ramona Maesaroh, Siti Imas Magdalena, Ina Maghfirah Maghfirah Meilyana Winda Perdana Miranti, Windi Muhammad Prawibowo Nasution, Ahmad Lakendra Akbar Nugraha, Bari Laksamana Nur Latifah, Nur oktamarina, lidia Purwanto Purwanto Putri, Adelia Pratama Putri, Siti Fatma Ayunda Rafianti, Ria Rahmad Diyanto Rahmadini, Risti Ramandhannisa, Alfira Ratnawati, Sri Agustina Siregar, Devita Meisari Rezeki SUMARNI Syaputra, Aidil Tarigan, Iren Reby Revalisa Wahdi , Agung Hilmi Wahdi, Agung Hilmi