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Analisis Pemetaan Kerentanan Masyarakat Terhadap Bencana Gempa: Studi Kasus Gempa di Haiti Tahun 2010 Oktaviani, Jusmalia; Kumesan, Christy Pavita; Fajar, Saltiq
Sospol : Jurnal Sosial Politik Vol 3, No 1 (2017): Januari-Juni
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

AbstrakHaiti terletak di Pulau Hispaniola, yang merupakan perbatasan antara lempeng tektonik Amerika dan Karibia. Lempeng ini bergerak sekitar 2 sentimeter per tahun, sehingga termasuk seismik aktif dan memiliki sejarah gempa yang panjang. Namun, dengan sejarahnya yang sering terkena gempa, tidak membuat negara ini menjadi siap terhadap gempa. Pada tahun 2010, gempa yang cukup besar, dengan skala sekitar 7 SR menerpa Haiti. Korban jiwa yang diakibatkan oleh gempa tersebut mencapai 100.000 hingga 300.000 jiwa. Menurut UN General Assembly, kerugian total akibat gempa bumi diperkirakan mencapai USD 7.8 milyar, yang berarti setara dengan lebih dari 120 persen GDP Haiti di tahun 2009. Melalui tulisan ini, peneliti ingin mengetahui bagaimana analisis kerentanan masyarakat Haiti terhadap bencana alam, terutama gempa, karena dengan skala yang sebenarnya tidak terlalu besar (7 SR), gempa tahun 2010 tersebut menelan begitu banyak korban jiwa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data documentary analysis. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bencana alam mempunyai beberapa dimensi, dan membutuhkan penanganan komprehensif agar jumlah korban jiwa akibat gempa bisa ditekan dan diminimalisir oleh pemerintah.Kata Kunci: bencana alam, gempa, kerentanan masyarakat.AbstractHaiti is located on the island of Hispaniola, which is the border between America and Caribbean tectonic plates. These plates move about 2 centimeters per year, thus including seismically active, has a long history of earthquakes. However, as a land which often affected by the earthquake, this state is not ready against earthquakes. In 2010, an earthquake, about 7 SR scale hit Haiti. The loss of life caused by the earthquake reached 100,000 to 300,000. According to the UN General Assembly, a total loss due to the earthquake is estimated at USD 7.8 billion, which would be equivalent to more than 120 percent of Haiti's GDP in 2009. By this article, the researchers probe the Haiti?s community vulnerability analysis towards natural disasters, particularly earthquakes, because the actual scale of the earthquake itself is not enormous, only 7 SR of 10 SR, however the earthquake in 2010 swallowed so many losses. This study uses qualitative research methods with data collection techniques documentary analysis. The result shows that a natural disaster has several dimensions, and requires a comprehensive action so that the number of casualties caused by the earthquake can be suppressed and minimized by the government.Keywords: natural disasters, earthquakes, community vulnerability

Resolusi Majelis Umum PBB ES-11/1 tahun 2022 dalam Mendorong Perdamaian Dunia terkait Agresi Rusia terhadap Ukraina Oktaviani, Jusmalia
Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional LINO Vol 3 No 1 (2023): Kajian Perdamaian dan Kerjasama Internasional
Publisher : Universitas Sulawesi Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31605/lino.v3i1.2317

Majelis Umum PBB sebagai bagian dari organisasi Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa, tidak tinggal diam dalam konflik yang terjadi antara Rusia dan Ukraina. Lembaga tersebut mengeluarkan resolusi yang diadopsi pada 2 Maret 2022 yaitu “United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/1” dengan kode (A/RES/ES-11/1) dan subjeknya Aggression against Ukraine. Resolusi ini dibuat dengan sesi sidang khusus darurat kesebelas tahun 2022 yang disponsori oleh 96 negara. Resolusi Majelis Umum PBB ES-11/1 disahkan dengan semua anggota harus mematuhinya. Intinya resolusi tersebut berisi bahwa tiap negara menjaga dan memperkuat perdamaian internasional yang didasarkan pada kebebasan, persamaan, keadilan dan penghormatan terhadap hak asasi manusia dan mengembangkan hubungan persahabatan antar negara terlepas dari politik, ekonomi dan sistem sosial atau tingkat perkembangannya. Para pihak juga mendorong kegiatan dialog terkait konflik Rusia dan Ukraina. Artikel ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian ini menganalisis dua hal: pertama, menggambarkan Resolusi Majelis Umum PBB tersebut dari perspektif hukum internasional meskipun lembaga itu bukan lembaga utama dalam perdamaian dunia. Kedua, artikel ini menjelaskan bahwa meskipun tidak bisa mengikat semua negara anggota untuk patuh terhadap resolusi tersebut, namun resolusi ini tetap memiliki arti penting untuk menunjukkan: bagaimana sebenarnya sikap setiap negara anggota di level nasional dari suara yang mereka berikan; di level organisasi yakni komitmen dari Majelis Umum PBB terhadap perdamaian; serta di level global untuk mencegah agresi serupa terulang di masa depan.

Model Negara Kekuasaan: Orde Baru dalam Tinjauan Pemikiran Hobbes dan Niccolo Machiavelli Oktaviani, Jusmalia; Pramadya, Teguh Puja
Indonesian Perspective Vol 4, No 2: (Juli-Desember 2019), hlm. 100-196
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

This study explains the socio-political conditions of government in the New Order era and revisits the situation at that time from the perspective of Thomas Hobbes and Niccolo Machiavelli. This is based on the desire of some parties who want to return Indonesia back to the New Order era which is considered by some people to provide political and economic stability. This paper argues that the New Order and the state power model as described by Hobbes and Machiavelli thinking placed the unity of the state as the core idea, which made the country stable and did not experience horizontal conflicts. But with globalization, the rapid development of technology and the power of social media, making Indonesia as an authoritarian state as before would be difficult, if not impossible to do. It is important to study the thoughts of these two figures because both Machiavelli and Hobbes attach great importance to the unity and integrity of the state, and avoid the state from breaking up due to conflict and war.

Gender-Responsive Policy in Water Management: An Outlook in ‘Citarum Harum’s Program Sari, Suwarti; Oktaviani, Jusmalia; Aprillia, Bunga
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Edisi Spesial Gender
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v1i1.7811.87-104

In Indonesia, rivers, crucial for clean water, currently face alarming pollution. Unfortunately, women, key in ensuring water quality, lack opportunities. This study aims to depict the state of the Citarum River, women's involvement, and propose ways for women to optimize their role in managing domestic waste for river restoration. Using qualitative methods, the research identifies a connection between environmental issues and patriarchal challenges, emphasizing the need for comprehensive, gender-friendly policies. Recommendations from UN Water policies can be adapted for effective implementation in Indonesia. According to the research, the issue of the environment or water is a component of the traditional patriarchy problem, requiring gender-friendly strategies at all tiers. Even with initiatives to include women in areas such as water empowerment, women continue to be excluded from decision-making processes. Based on the research, it is recommended that women be made aware of their significance in gender-friendly policies and that their opinions should be considered during the decision-making process. Keywords: rivers, water quality, women's empowerment

Systematic Literature Review : Gender Focal Point in Military Aprillia, Bunga; Oktaviani, Jusmalia
Indonesian Journal of Social Science Research Vol 5 No 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Social Science Research (IJSSR)
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/ijssr.05.02.29

Gender equality in the military is a phenomenon that still receives little attention, because the military world is still dominated by male masculinity and there is still little involvement of women in military operations or peace missions. Since the existence of UN Resolution 1325, it has become an opening for gender equality in the military world, especially for women. Women have an important role in conflict management, conflict prevention and can be peacemakers after conflict. Women are considered more sensitive to local situations and environments, thus facilitating acceptance in society. This research is descriptive research using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. Based on the Scopus search results, 2 documents were found that were relevant to the gender focal point and 1 article was found from the publish or perish search results. And there are 6 previous articles that also researched gender focal points. The research results show that gender focal point research in the military field is still rare and this provides wider space for researchers interested in this field.

Systematic Literature Review : Gender Focal Point in Military Aprillia, Bunga; Oktaviani, Jusmalia
Indonesian Journal of Social Science Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Social Science Research (IJSSR)
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/ijssr.05.02.29

Gender equality in the military is a phenomenon that still receives little attention, because the military world is still dominated by male masculinity and there is still little involvement of women in military operations or peace missions. Since the existence of UN Resolution 1325, it has become an opening for gender equality in the military world, especially for women. Women have an important role in conflict management, conflict prevention and can be peacemakers after conflict. Women are considered more sensitive to local situations and environments, thus facilitating acceptance in society. This research is descriptive research using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. Based on the Scopus search results, 2 documents were found that were relevant to the gender focal point and 1 article was found from the publish or perish search results. And there are 6 previous articles that also researched gender focal points. The research results show that gender focal point research in the military field is still rare and this provides wider space for researchers interested in this field.

INDONESIA`S ROLE IN THE ISSUE OF HUMAN RIGHT VIOLATIONS AGAINST THE UIGHUR ETHNIC GROUP IN XINJIANG Merliana, Merri; Rachmat, Angga Nurdin; Oktaviani, Jusmalia
Dinamika Global : Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 9 No 1 (2024): Dinamika Global : Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Ahmad Yani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36859/jdg.v9i1.2189

The issue of human rights violations against the Uighur ethnic group in Xinjiang, China, has drawn attention from Western countries as promoters of human rights and Muslim-majority nations, within the framework of solidarity. For Indonesia, the issue of human rights violations against the Uighur ethnic group poses a dilemma. This dilemma stems from Indonesia's status as a member of the UN Human Rights Council for the 2020-2022 period and as a country with a Muslim-majority population, while China, accused of committing human rights violations against the Uighur ethnic group, is a strategic economic partner. Based on this context, this paper aims to discuss the question of Indonesia's role in the issue of human rights violations against the Uighur ethnic group in the years 2020-2022. The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze Indonesia's role using K.J. Holsti's theory of national roles, based on identity and interests from a constructivist perspective. The paper finds that Indonesia plays three roles in the issue of human rights violations against the Uighur ethnic group: independent, example, and bridge. These roles are based on Indonesia's identity as a middle power country with economic interests and its identity as a member of the UN Human Rights Council.

Gender-Responsive Policy in Water Management: An Outlook in ‘Citarum Harum’s Program Sari, Suwarti; Oktaviani, Jusmalia; Aprillia, Bunga
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Edisi Spesial Gender
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v1i1.7811.87-104

In Indonesia, rivers, crucial for clean water, currently face alarming pollution. Unfortunately, women, key in ensuring water quality, lack opportunities. This study aims to depict the state of the Citarum River, women's involvement, and propose ways for women to optimize their role in managing domestic waste for river restoration. Using qualitative methods, the research identifies a connection between environmental issues and patriarchal challenges, emphasizing the need for comprehensive, gender-friendly policies. Recommendations from UN Water policies can be adapted for effective implementation in Indonesia. According to the research, the issue of the environment or water is a component of the traditional patriarchy problem, requiring gender-friendly strategies at all tiers. Even with initiatives to include women in areas such as water empowerment, women continue to be excluded from decision-making processes. Based on the research, it is recommended that women be made aware of their significance in gender-friendly policies and that their opinions should be considered during the decision-making process. Keywords: rivers, water quality, women's empowerment

The Interplay of Interest between Indonesia and Sweden in Blue Economy Cooperation Oktaviani, Jusmalia; Muhamad Iqbal, Firdaus
Nation State: Journal of International Studies Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): Environmental Issue and Digital Diplomacy in the Contemporary International Rel
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Social Science, Department of International Relations, Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24076/nsjis.v6i1.1060

In the beginning of 1950’s, Indonesia and Sweden have maintained diplomatic relations for the past 72 years. Multiple areas of collaboration have been implemented by both parties. Collaboration based on a blue economy is one of the initiatives implemented to foster economic progress. This study seeks to assess how Indonesia's national interests align with those of Sweden in the blue economy. To solve this research question, the research used the Neoliberalism of international cooperation and national interests. The blue economy cooperation agreement between Indonesia and Sweden is listed in the Sweden-Indonesia Sustainability Partnership (SISP). Indonesia should collaborate with Sweden on the blue economy due to the country's competitive advantages in the maritime technology sector. The pursuit of each country's respective goals is the driving force behind the partnership that exists between Indonesia and Sweden. The improvement of the standard of living of the local population as well as the preservation of the marine ecosystem are two of the primary reasons why Indonesia and Sweden should work together to advance the blue economy.

Peran ASEAN dalam Menghadapi Isu Pelanggaran HAM Pasca Kudeta Militer di Myanmar Tahun 2021 Oktaviani, Jusmalia; Riva, Lusian
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Fajar Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): Edisi Desember
Publisher : Prodi Ilmu Hubungan Internasional, Universitas Fajar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47354/jiihif.v1i1.443

The background of this research The background of this research is the military coup in Myanmar in 2021, military coup occurred because of allegations of corruption and election fraud Myanmar in 2020 won by National League for Democracy. Myanmar’s people refuse the coup by doing a demonstration to government and new policies, but Tatmadaw reactionto rejection of the coup resulted a human Rights violations, many victims were killed, violence against society, and violate individual rights. This case raises the issue of human rights violations was conducted by Myanmar post military coup, ASEAN as regional organization in Southeast Asia have the authority to give a response on the issue of human rights violations in Myanmar post military coup. This research used qualitative-descriptive method with liberalism institutionalism and role of international organizations, in this research was conducted to describe the role of ASEAN in resolve the issue of human rights violations in Myanmar post military coup. The result of this research show ASEAN’s role as a communication and cooperation tool to raise this issue in ASEAN’s forum, ASEAN as a platform to generate of five point consensus as a positive solution for Myanmar, and ASEAN as administration platform in promoting realization of five point consensus. All forms of ASEAN’s action in 2021 until 2022 is a part of ASEAN effort to resolve human rights violations in Myanmar post military coup.

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