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ENGLISH SPEAKING BARRIERS IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION: A STUDY OF SMK SPP SNAKMA STUDENTS Efrizah, Doni; Fadly, Yossy; Putri, Vivi Oxana
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 6, No 2: November 2024
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v6i2.10076

Abstract

The English-speaking skills of students at SMK SPP SNAKMA remain underdeveloped due to specific challenges in using the language within a vocational context. This study explores and analyzes these barriers to understand the underlying factors that hinder effective English communication among vocational students. Employing a qualitative approach, the research gathers data through interviews, observations, and questionnaires to capture students’ perspectives and real-time experiences with English language use. Findings reveal four primary obstacles: limited vocabulary, grammatical difficulties, speaking anxiety, and insufficient practice opportunities. These factors collectively impact students’ confidence and fluency in speaking English, which is critical in vocational settings where practical language skills are increasingly required. The study suggests that a more communicative teaching approach, combined with structured and frequent speaking practice, could significantly address these challenges. By focusing on interactive and supportive teaching methods, educators can create an environment that encourages active language use, helping students overcome barriers and develop essential English-speaking skills for their careers.
INVESTIGATING THE NOMINAL FORMS IN SINGKIL LANGUAGE: A STUDY OF MORPHOLOGY Suhery, Dedy; Efrizah, Doni; Rezeki Purba, Happy Sri; Hamid Reza, Mohd
Linguistik : Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 8, No 1 (2023): LINGUISTIK: Jurnal Bahasa & Sastra
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Tapanuli Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31604/linguistik.v8i1.23-245

Abstract

Dalam keberadaannya sebagai bahasa daerah, bahasa Singkil juga digunakan sebagai alat pengembangan dan penunjang budaya setempat. Namun disaat bepergian, bahasa ini jarang digunakan karena banyak penutur bahasa Singkil yang bilingual dengan bahasa Indonesia. Akibatnya, Bahasa yang jarang digunakan akan terancam punah. Berdasarkan judul di atas, penelitian ini bertujuan menjawab permasalahan penelitian yaitu: mengetahui ciri-ciri nominal dalam bahasa Singkil, proses-proses morfologi nominal dan mengetahui bentuk-bentuk nominal dalam bahasa Singkil seperti akar, afiksasi, reduplikasi dan majemuk kata nominal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Untuk mendapatkan data, peneliti membuat pertanyaan dari pedoman wawancara yang direkam dengan Sony voice-recorder –UX56OF. Kemudian hasil penelitian ini memberikan gambaran lengkap tentang masalah penelitian. Selain itu, dalam menemukan analisis data, fenomena baru tersebut muncul karena terjadinya proses morfofonemik dengan dua vokal. Dan terakhir, peneliti menemukan bahwa morfologi nominal dalam bahasa Singkil dapat dianalisis dengan perilaku semantik, perilaku sintaksis, dan perilaku morfologis. Proses morfologi nominal meliputi afiksasi, reduplikasi dan gabungan. Kemudian bentuk-bentuk morfologi nominal yang ditemukan berkaitan dengan proses-prosesnya dibagi menjadi tiga yaitu; bentuk nominal dalam akar dan afiksasi, bentuk reduplikasi ,dan bentuk gabungan. 
POSTCOLONIAL PERSPECTIVES ON MALAY BATU BARA ORAL NARRATIVES: INSIGHTS FROM ENGLISH LITERARY THEORY Efrizah, Doni
Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching Vol 9, No 2: December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara (UISU)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/ll.v1i1.12223

Abstract

This study investigates how Malay Batu Bara oral narratives express cultural identity, morality, and resistance through the analytical lens of English postcolonial theory. Addressing the lack of research applying postcolonial literary frameworks to Indonesian oral traditions, the study aims to reinterpret local oral texts using key concepts from Bhabha (hybridity, mimicry) and Spivak (subaltern voice) to understand how these narratives negotiate cultural power. A qualitative comparative design was employed, drawing on twelve Batu Bara oral texts including pantun, gurindam, ritual verses, and folktale fragments supplemented by interviews with five cultural informants. These were compared with selected English literary works exhibiting parallel moral themes. Data were analyzed using thematic coding and cultural semiotics to identify symbolic patterns and interpret how postcolonial concepts function within the local narratives. Findings indicate four specific moral and cultural patterns recurring across the oral texts: ecological harmony, respect for social hierarchy, communal ethics, and moral sincerity. These values are articulated through metaphor, performance, and collective expression, revealing how Batu Bara narratives function as moral counter-discourses that embody subaltern agency and cultural resilience. The cross-analysis demonstrates a form of “moral hybridity,” where local ethical worldviews intersect with and reinterpret English postcolonial concepts. The study contributes theoretically by positioning Malay oral literature as an active epistemological space within postcolonial discourse and practically by offering a model for integrating indigenous oral traditions into comparative literary pedagogy.
Students’ Perception of Self-Confidence in Speaking English as a Foreign Language in the Classroom Sari, Indah; Efrizah, Doni; Yolanda, Nabilah
EXCELLENCE: Journal of English and English Education Vol 5 No 2 (2025): EXCELLENCE (In Press)
Publisher : English Education Study Program FKIP Universitas Alwashliyah Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47662/ejeee.v5i2.1304

Abstract

This study aimed to explore students' perceptions of self-confidence in speaking English as a foreign language within classroom settings. Utilizing qualitative methods, data were collected through administration of questionnaires to 5th semester students of Technology and Information System Study Program at Institut Teknology Sawit Indonesia (ITSI) Medan intake 2025-2026. Then, the study applied Miles, Huberman and Saldana’s steps (2014) in analysing the data. The results showed that most students had positive and good perception of self-confidence in speaking English in the classroom. Moreover, it revealed that self-confidence significantly influences students' willingness to engage in spoken communication. Factors contributing to self-confidence include supportive classroom environments, peer interactions, and effective teaching strategies. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of fostering a positive atmosphere that encourages risk-taking in language use, ultimately enhancing students' speaking abilities. Implications for educators include the need to implement practices that build self-confidence and promote active participation in language learning. Keywords: perception, self-confidence, speaking, English
Unveiling Interpersonal Depth: Social Penetration and Friendship Types in Nat Gould’s Fast as the Wind Faulandi, Yussuf; Pawiro, Muhammad Ali; Ali, Nurbaiti; Efrizah, Doni
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 8, No 1: May 2026 (In Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v8i1.13289

Abstract

Interpersonal relationships and friendship are central themes in literary works, yet they are rarely examined through communication theories such as Social Penetration Theory. This study addresses the limited application of communication theories in literary analysis by examining interpersonal relationships in Fast as the Wind by Nat Gould. It highlights the contribution of integrating communication theory into literary studies, particularly in understanding character interaction and relational development. A qualitative descriptive method is employed using content analysis of dialogues and narrative elements that reflect communication patterns and self-disclosure. The analysis reveals that social penetration occurs through four stages: orientation, exploratory affective exchange, affective exchange, and stable exchange, indicating a progression from superficial interaction to deeper emotional intimacy. Three types of friendship are identified: reciprocal, receptive, and associative, with reciprocal friendship as the most dominant. The results further show that trust, self-disclosure, and social context play significant roles in shaping interpersonal depth and relational dynamics among characters. The horse racing setting not only creates competition but also fosters cooperation and strong interpersonal bonds. These findings reinforce the relevance of communication theories in literary analysis and expand their applicability in interpreting interpersonal dynamics in fictional narratives.
Disability and Structural Injustice in Miracle in Cell No. 7: A Critical Disability Analysis Efrizah, Doni; Pebriani, Dela; Puspita, Clara; Purwarno, Purwarno
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 8, No 1: May 2026 (In Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v8i1.13273

Abstract

This study examines how intellectual disability and structural injustice are constructed in Miracle in Cell No. 7, directed by Hanung Bramantyo. It aims to analyze the discursive construction of disability and the reproduction of structural discrimination within legal and social contexts. Using a qualitative research design with a critical discourse analysis approach, this study applies Critical Disability Theory to interpret selected dialogues and key scenes that reflect power relations and institutional practices within the narrative. The findings reveal that intellectual disability is constructed as deviance within legal discourse, leading to discursive marginalization and the denial of agency. Discrimination operates structurally through institutional mechanisms such as coercive interrogation, lack of accommodation, and biased legal procedures within the criminal justice system. At the social level, stigma and dominant cultural narratives construct disability as a marker of danger and incompetence, reinforcing exclusion and legitimizing injustice. The novelty of this study lies in highlighting how cinematic narratives reproduce institutionalized ableism across both legal and social domains. It contributes to Critical Disability Studies by emphasizing discrimination as a multidimensional and structurally embedded phenomenon shaped by power relations. Practically, the study underscores the need for disability-inclusive legal frameworks and increased social awareness to promote justice, equality, and dignity for persons with disabilities.
A Structuralist Analysis of Binary Oppositions in Bella Swan’s Characterization in The Twilight Saga: New Moon Rayati, Nabila; Ezir, Ely; Br. Perangin Angin, Sempa; Efrizah, Doni
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 8, No 1: May 2026 (In Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v8i1.13277

Abstract

This study examines the characterization of Bella Swan as the protagonist in The Twilight Saga: New Moon (2009) through Lévi-Strauss’s structuralist theory, particularly the concept of binary opposition. By focusing on narrative and symbolic contrasts, the analysis explores how meaning is constructed within the protagonist’s development. A qualitative descriptive method is applied through the analysis of selected scenes and dialogues from the film. The findings indicate that Bella Swan’s characterization is shaped by dominant binary oppositions, including love versus loss, courage versus fear, humanity versus the supernatural, and Edward versus Jacob. These oppositions position her as a structural protagonist who embodies emotional and ideological tensions within the narrative. She also functions as a mediating figure between conflicting value systems, reflecting the dynamic and relational nature of identity construction in cinematic texts. Unlike previous studies that emphasize romantic themes or surface-level character analysis, this research highlights the underlying structural system that actively constructs the protagonist’s identity. The findings contribute to literary and film studies by demonstrating how meaning in film can be systematically interpreted through Lévi-Straussian structuralism.