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All Journal Petitum Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Literature (IJOMRAL) Bureaucracy Journal : Indonesia Journal of Law and Social-Political Governance Journal of Lex Theory (JLT) Journal of Lex Philosophy (JLP) Journal of Progressive Law and Legal Studies Qawanin Jurnal Ilmu Hukum ADVANCED PRIVATE LEGAL INSIGHTS
Arief, Anggreany
Unknown Affiliation
Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Mathematics Physics Social Sciences Other

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Validity of Click-Wrap and Browse-Wrap Agreements in the Indonesian Agreement Legal System Arief, Anggreany; Muhdar, Muh. Zulkifli
Journal of Progressive Law and Legal Studies Том 3 № 03 (2025): Journal of Progressive Law and Legal Studies
Publisher : PT. Riset Press International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59653/jplls.v3i03.2239

Abstract

The growth of electronic transactions in Indonesia has led to the emergence of various forms of digital agreements, including click-wrap agreements and browse-wrap agreements. Both types of agreements have become common legal instruments on digital platforms; However, their validity within Indonesia's contract law system remains a subject of academic and practical debate. This study aims to analyze the validity of click-wrap agreements and browse-wrap agreements in light of Article 1320 of the Civil Code, Law Number 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions (EIT Law) and its amendments, and Law Number 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection. The research employs a normative legal method using a statute approach and a comparative approach. The findings indicate that click-wrap agreements possess stronger legal force than browse-wrap agreements due to the explicit expression of user consent. Browse-wrap agreements occupy a legally vulnerable position because they do not adequately satisfy the element of mutual consent as required by Article 1320 of the Civil Code. This study recommends the establishment of more specific regulations governing minimum standards for digital agreements in Indonesia to provide legal certainty for businesses and consumers.
Cyber Notary and the Digital Transformation of Authentic Deed Formation in Indonesia Afifah, Putri; Arief, Anggreany; Arsy, Muhammad
ADVANCED PRIVATE LEGAL INSIGHTS Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): ADVANCES PRIVATE LEGAL INSIGHTS (APRIL)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56087/zhmapp73

Abstract

Abstract:This research aims to examine and describe the regulatory issues encountered by notaries in the process of drafting authentic deeds online, as well as to identify and analyze the main challenges in regulating the online execution of authentic deeds by notaries. The study adopts an empirical research method, which is based on direct observation and actual experiences in the field. The primary objective is to obtain concrete data or evidence through scientific methods such as observation, interviews, surveys, experiments, or case studies.   The research findings indicate that the regulation of Cyber Notary is stipulated in Article 15, Paragraph (3) of the UUJN; however, its implementation in Indonesia is still hindered by the lack of clear regulations. Changes are required in the definition of notarial deeds, the authority of notaries concerning electronic deeds, and adequate digital procedures. Furthermore, data security and the verification of parties’ identities are crucial to prevent cybercrime. Therefore, harmonization between the UUJN, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE), and other relevant regulations is key to the successful implementation of Cyber Notary. The challenges in implementing Cyber and Electronic Notary encompass substantive, structural, and legal culture aspects. Substantively, regulations must be updated to include provisions on online presence and electronic identity verification. Structurally, secure technology, integrated infrastructure, and capacity building for notary human resources are necessary. Meanwhile, from the perspective of legal culture, public trust in the security and validity of electronic transactions must be established. Consequently, inter-institutional collaboration and regulatory adjustments are essential steps to support the readiness of notaries and a reliable system. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menggambarkan pengaturan yang dihadapi oleh notaris dalam proses pembuatan akta otentik secara onlie serta untuk mengetahui dan menggambarkan tantangan utama yang ada dalam mengatur pembuatan akta otentik secara online oleh notaris. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian empiris, yaitu penelitian yang didasarkan pada pengamatan langsung atau pengalaman nyata di lapangan. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh data atau bukti konkret melalui metode ilmiah, seperti observasi, wawancara, survei, eksperimen, atau studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pengaturan Cyber Notary diatur dalam Pasal 15 Ayat (3) UUJN, namun penerapannya di Indonesia masih terhambat oleh kurangnya regulasi yang jelas. Diperlukan perubahan pada definisi akta notaris, kewenangan notaris terkait akta elektronik, serta prosedur digital yang memadai. Selain itu, aspek keamanan data dan identitas para pihak sangat penting untuk mencegah kejahatan siber. Oleh karena itu, harmonisasi antara UUJN, UU ITE, dan regulasi lainnya menjadi kunci keberhasilan penerapan Cyber Notary. Tantangan implementasi Cyber dan Electronic Notary mencakup aspek substansi, struktur, dan kultur hukum. Secara substansi, regulasi harus diperbarui agar mencakup kehadiran online dan verifikasi identitas elektronik. Dari segi struktur, dibutuhkan teknologi yang aman, infrastruktur yang terintegrasi, serta peningkatan kapasitas SDM notaris. Sementara itu, dari sisi kultur hukum, perlu dibangun kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap keamanan dan keabsahan transaksi elektronik. Untuk itu, kolaborasi antar lembaga dan penyesuaian regulasi menjadi langkah penting dalam mendukung kesiapan notaris dan sistem yang andal.
Co-Authors Abd Rahman Afifah, Putri Aman, Amriani Andi Istiana Inayah Dwi Putri Arsy, Muhammad Asmah, Asmah Asriati Asriati, Asriati Aswari, Aan Erwin Erwin Gazali, Indrahayu Umar Hambali , Azwad Rachmat Hambali, Azwad Rachmat Ilham, Zulfadli Ismail, Muh Akbar Khalid, Hasbuddin Mahban, Muhammad Ali Muhammad Kamal Muhdar, Muh. Zulkifli Mustahar, Mustahar Nawi, Syahruddin Nurhikmah Nurhikmah Palu, Selvia Rahayu, Ade Lutfia Rahman , Erik Rahman, Sufirman Seftyana, Dea Angela Sumarja, Hendro Syalsyabila, Andi Aisya Syam, Dewi Fatimah Thalib, Hambali Thamsi, Muhammad Ichlas Umar Gazali, Indrahayu Zainuddin, Zainuddin