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Journal : Agrica: Journal of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture

POTENSI PENGENDALIAN HAYATI HAMA SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA UNTUK KEBERLANJUTAN PRODUKSI JAGUNG Yustina Pu'u; Syatrawati
Agrica: Journal of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture Vol. 15 No. 2 (2022): December
Publisher : Agriculture Faculty of Flores University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37478/agr.v15i2.2313

Abstract

The armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda, which damages corn plants, is one of the invasive pests. The armyworm S. frugiperda damages corn plants by eating leaf tissue from one side so that the remaining epidermal tissue then makes holes in the leaves and eats from the edge of the leaf to the inside, which causes perforation in the leaves. Control efforts using insecticides have not been practical due to the feeding behaviour of the second and third instar larvae that settle on the inside of the leaves under protected conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out other control techniques that can suppress the development of environmentally friendly S. frugiperda by considering economic and ecological aspects, namely biological control. Biological control optimizes the role of natural enemies as biological control agents in efforts to manage pest populations which are part of the chain in agroecosystems. Utilization of natural enemies, parasitoids, predators, and pathogen, can suppress the development of the S. frugiperda pest in corn, reducing the use of synthetic pesticides. Natural enemies of S. frugiperda include the egg parasitoid Telenomus sp. and Trichogramma sp.; larva parasitoid Glyptapanteles creatonoti (Viereck), solitary larval parasitoid Campoletis chlorideae Uchida, and parasitoid larvae of the order Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae and G. creatonoti. as well as an entomopathogenic species, Nomuraea rileyi (Farl.) Samson. Natural enemies can control S. frugiperda pests to save sustainable maize yields based on the basic principles of sustainable agriculture models. Agroecological steps are taken to reduce the population of S. frugiperda in corn plants by:/ (1) sustainable management of soil fertility, primarily actions that maintain or store soil organic carbon; (2) intercropping with properly selected companion plants; and (3) diversification of the agricultural environment through the management of (semi) natural habitats at various spatial scales.
Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Bawah Pada Tegakan Eucalyptus Pellita Di Fakultas Kehutanan Unilak Riau Sri Rahayu Prastyaningsih; Anna Juliarti; Eni Suhesti; Syatrawati Syatrawati
AGRICA Vol. 16 No. 1 (2023): June
Publisher : Agriculture Faculty of Flores University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37478/agr.v16i1.2676

Abstract

This study aims to determine the understory in Eucalyptus pellita's stands. Understory are one of the elements of the ecosystem which are hold rainwater into the soil, prevent erosion,  runoff and soil organic matter. The  method used 20 x 20 m of 5 plots with 10 the number of sub-plots in the sample size of 2 x 2 m (50 sub-plots). All of understory  were  identified. There are 18 species from 17 families classified into 4 groups of the understory (grasses, sedges, ferns and broad-leaved plants). The results showed  18 types of understory which classified in 13 species of broadleaf plants, 3 species of grasses, 1 species of sedges and 1 species of ferns. The understory  was dominated by Alang-Alang (Imperata cylindrica) with INP  61.33%, followed by Teki Grass (Cyperus sp) with INP 35.67% then Acacia (Acacia sp) with INP 21.67% and ferns (Neprolepsis sp) INP 17.8%. The Diversity of understory in Eucalyptus pellita was 1.76 in the medium category.