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Natural Self-Foaming Clay Soap with Etlingera elatior Fruit Extract for Skincare Aspadiah, Vica; Zubaydah, Wa Ode Sitti; Indalifiany, Astrid; Sahidin, Sahidin; Fristiohady, Adryan; Malaka, Muhammad Hajrul; Muliadi, Rahmat; Parrung, Arsyani
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v8i2.5800

Abstract

Etlingera elatior (Wualae), a plant recognized for its flavonoid-derived antioxidant properties, presents a potential source for cosmeceutical applications. This study investigated the formulation and evaluation of a Self-Foaming Clay Soap (SFCS) incorporating an ethanol extract of E. elatior fruit. The SFCS base, comprising surfactant as a cleansing and foaming agent combined with bentonite clay for enhanced serviceability and oil adsorption, was formulated with varying concentrations of bentonite (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% w/w), designated as FI to FV, respectively, alongside other necessary excipients. The resulting SFCS preparations underwent rigorous physical and chemical stability assessments following accelerated storage conditions (freeze-thaw cycles). Evaluated parameters included organoleptic properties, foam stability and height, viscosity, dispersibility, homogeneity, and pH. The evaluation revealed that Formulation II (FII), containing 5% w/w bentonite, exhibited the most favorable stability profile and met the established criteria for SFCS semisolid preparations. Specifically, FII demonstrated a foam stabilization rate of 84.61% and a foam height of 2.6 cm after freeze-thaw cycling, a viscosity of 10,000 cPs, a spreadability diameter of 4.1 cm, a homogeneous texture devoid of coarse particles, and a skin-compatible pH of 5. These findings suggest that an SFCS formulation incorporating a 5% w/w concentration of bentonite and E. elatior fruit extract holds promising potential as a stable and efficacious skincare preparation.
Sunscreen Innovation: Development of a Water-Resistant Compact Powder Formula Based on Titanium Dioxide for Optimal UV Protection Muliadi, Rahmat; Aspadiah, Vica; Sahumena, Muhammad Handoyo; Aftira, Nidya
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i3.961

Abstract

Background: Ultraviolet (UV) radiation contributes to skin aging and damage, necessitating effective protection. Sunscreens offer a solution by absorbing, scattering, and reflecting UV radiation, especially those containing titanium dioxide, which has strong UV-blocking properties. Innovation in the form of compact powder sunscreen presents a practical and efficient daily protection approach due to its easy-to-apply formulation. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the physical characteristics of compact powder sunscreen formulations, including organoleptic properties, pH, homogeneity, adhesion, hardness, and the effect of titanium dioxide on the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value. Methods: Formulations were prepared and evaluated through physical tests, including organoleptic assessment, pH, homogeneity, adhesion, and hardness, as well as SPF measurement using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Results: Titanium dioxide contributed to the light brown color, smooth texture, and vanilla scent of the formulations. It also enhanced the SPF value. The most optimal formulation was Formula 4, containing 25% titanium dioxide, which met the desired physical criteria and achieved an SPF value of 15.06, categorized as ultra protection. Conclusion: The addition of titanium dioxide positively affected the physical characteristics and SPF value of compact powder sunscreen. Formula 4, with 25% titanium dioxide, demonstrated the best results and the highest SPF, making it the most optimal formulation for UV protection