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Journal : Universa Medicina

Combination of aerobic exercise and Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. increased nitric oxide in rats Adriani, Donna; Siagian, Minarma; Irawati, Dewi
Universa Medicina Vol 36, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2017.v36.80-87

Abstract

Background Hypertension and myocardial infarction account for the high rate of mortality globally. Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) Linn. is rich in antioxidants and previous studies have demonstrated its anti-hypertensive effects. Several studies show that regular physical activity is an important component to reduce cardiovascular mortality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a combination of aerobic exercise and HS extract on nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in rats. MethodsAn experimental study was conducted on 36 male Wistar rats, aged 4 weeks and 60-70 g in weight. The interventions were aerobic exercises and HS at 400 mg/kg BW/day administered for 4, 8 and 12 weeks. The rats were randomized into 12 groups: 3 control groups (C4, C8, C12), 3 aerobic exercise groups (A4, A8, A12), 3 HS groups (H4, H8, H12), and 3 combination groups [aerobic exercise and HS] (HA4, HA8, HA12). After 4, 8, and 12 weeks, the rats were sacrificed and their abdominal aorta was collected for determination of nitric oxide and ET-1 concentrations. One way ANOVA was used to analyze the data. ResultsThere was a significant difference in NO levels between all groups, with the 4-week aerobic exercise group (A4) showing the highest NO levels compared to the other eleven groups (p<0.05). In contrast, the ET-1 levels were not significantly different between all groups. Conclusions This study demonstrated that the combination of HS supplementation and aerobic exercise increases NO in rats, and provided further evidence to the traditional use of the plant as an antioxidants agent.
Effect of Brain Gym ® exercises on cognitive function and brain-derived neurotrophic factor plasma level in elderly: a randomized controlled trial Adriani, Donna; Imran, Yudhisman; Mawi, Martiem; Amani, Patwa; Ilyas, Ermita I.I.
Universa Medicina Vol 39, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (545.732 KB) | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2020.v39.34-41

Abstract

BackgroundCognitive impairment and dementia are some of the major health concerns in the aging population. Many studies showed positive effects of physical exercise in delaying or preventing these conditions. Brain Gym ® exercises is a structured aerobic exercise involving head, eyes and crossing movements of the extremities in order to stimulate both brain hemispheres. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Brain Gym ® exercises sessions on cognitive function and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the elderly.MethodsA non-blinded randomized controlled study involving 64 healthy women aged >60 years who were randomized into Brain Gym ® exercises treatment group (n=32) and control group (n=32). Treatment group joined 60 minutes of brain gym exercises sessions twice a week for 12 weeks. The measured outcomes were cognitive function (assessed by mini-mental state examination [MMSE] questionnaire) and plasma BDNF levels. The outcomes were measured at base-line and after the intervention. An independent t-test was used to analyze the data.ResultsThe BDNF levels were increased in both groups after 12 weeks, and there was a significant difference between treatment group (41.26 ± 6,82 ng/mL) and control group (37.10 ± 8.11 ng/mL)(p=0.040). However, the MMSE score was not significantly different between the two groups (p=0.200).ConclusionBrain Gym ® exercises sessions significantly increase plasma BDNF level in the elderly population. In practical terms, we may suggest evaluation of the effects of Brain Gym ® exercises as a strategy in the treatment of disorders associated with central degenerative changes.
Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D level increases carotid intima-media thickness in elderly women Imran, Yudhisman; Aswar, Andini; Rachmiyani, Irmiya; Adriani, Donna
Universa Medicina Vol 38, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2019.v38.114-120

Abstract

BackgroundCerebrovascular disease occurs due to atherosclerosis of the carotid artery triggered by endothelial dysfunction, which can be assessed by measuring the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). There are several risk factors contributing to endothelial dysfunction, such as 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency. A number of research studies have shown variable results on the relationship between 25(OH)D deficiency and endothelial dysfunction. The objective of the present study was to determine the relationship between 25(OH)D and CIMT in elderly women.METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 45 elderly women aged ≥60 years. The inclusion criteria were: able to communicate well and able to walk actively without any help. The exclusion criteria were: not having diabetes mellitus, stroke, heart disease, kidney disease, not consuming vitamin D or medicines containing corticosteroids, and not using hormone replacement therapy. Laboratory examination was conducted for fasting blood sugar, lipid profile, and 25(OH)D. CIMT was measured using carotid Doppler ultrasonography at the left carotid artery. Simple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data.RESULTSMean 25(OH)D level was 11.753 ± 4.027 ng/mL, and mean CIMT 0.61 ± 0.10 mm. Simple regression analysis showed a significant relationship between 25(OH)D level and CIMT (β=-0.001; 95% C.I.=-0.020-0.003; p=0.009).CONCLUSION Our data suggest an inverse association between 25(OH)D level and CIMT in elderly women. This study supports the protective role of vitamin D against subclinical atherosclerosis in elderly women.
Obesity is the most influential risk factor of cardiopulmonary endurance in older women Khairani, Rita; Adriani, Donna; Amani, Patwa
Universa Medicina Vol. 40 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2021.v40.254-262

Abstract

BackgroundPulmonary function decreases with age. Similarly, physical exercise capacity measured by maximal oxygen uptake, which is one indicator to measure the level of cardiac and pulmonary vascular resistance, decreases by >1% per year. This results in many respiratory diseases that occur in older persons, especially in obese older persons. Pulmonary function is a basic component of cardiopulmonary endurance, besides other factors such as age, hemodynamics, metabolism, and lifestyle. The objective of this study was to determine whether body mass index (BMI) and pulmonary function have a significant association with cardiopulmonary endurance in older women. MethodsThe study used a cross-sectional design involving 66 subjects aged 60 years and older in South Jakarta. Data was collected by measuring body mass index (BMI), pulmonary function (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) for cardiopulmonary endurance. Data analysis used simple and multiple linear regression tests in SPSS v.25, with p<0.05. ResultsOf the 66 older persons, 57.6% was obese. Pulmonary function of subjects showed restriction (33.3%), obstruction (6.1%) and a combination of restriction and obstruction (1.5%). Furthermore, mean VO2 max was 12.2 mL/kg/min. Multiple linear regression analysis showed a significant association of BMI and FEV1/FVC with VO2 max (â =-0.56; 95% CI=-0.81 - (-) 0.31; p=0.000; â =0.09; 95% CI=0.01-0.18; p=0.028). BMI was the most influential risk factor of VO2 max (Beta = -0.46). ConclusionsThere was a significant association of BMI and FEV1/FVC with VO2 max, BMI being the most influential risk factor of cardiopulmonary endurance in older women.