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All Journal JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURES, MATERIALS AND ENERGY JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, BUILDING AND TRANSPORTATION Jurnal Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur & Energi Journal of Applied Engineering and Technological Science (JAETS) Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx Journal) JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin IRA Jurnal Teknik Mesin dan Aplikasinya (IRAJTMA) Inovtek Seri Mesin IRA Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Achmad Jusuf Zulfikar
Universitas Medan Area
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Physics Transportation Other

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Efficacy of jute-glass hybrid laminate composite wrapping under flexural loading Achmad Jusuf Zulfikar; Siswo Pranoto; Din Aswan A. Ritonga; Johannes J.B. Butar Butar; Bincar Orlando Simanjuntak
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 5 No 2 (2024): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v5i2.1214

Abstract

The demand for sustainable engineering materials has catalyzed interest in hybrid composites that combine natural fibers like jute with synthetic fibers such as E-glass. This study investigates the flexural strength of jute/E-glass/epoxy hybrid composite laminates under different stacking sequences, employing the ANOVA method to analyze their mechanical performance. The materials, including jute fabric, E-glass fabric, and epoxy resin, were arranged in various configurations and tested for flexural strength following ASTM D790 standards. The results indicated significant variability, with the GJGJ configuration exhibiting the highest average flexural strength of 71.20 MPa, while the GJG configuration had the lowest at 26.33 MPa. The ANOVA analysis confirmed a statistically significant effect of laminate configuration on flexural strength (F = 6.41, p = 0.004). These findings underscore the critical role of laminate arrangement in enhancing the mechanical properties of hybrid composites. The superior performance of the GJGJ configuration suggests that alternating layers of jute and E-glass fibers can effectively distribute stress and enhance load-bearing capacity. Conversely, suboptimal configurations like GJG demonstrated lower performance, highlighting the importance of strategic fiber arrangement. This research contributes to the development of optimized hybrid composites for various engineering applications, providing valuable insights into the interplay between natural and synthetic fibers within a composite matrix. The study's conclusions support the broader use of hybrid composites in industries such as automotive, construction, and aerospace, where material sustainability and performance are paramount. Future research should explore further optimization of stacking sequences and volume fractions of fibers, as well as investigate other mechanical properties such as tensile and impact strength, to fully realize the potential of hybrid composites in advanced engineering applications
Toughness analysis of jute laminate composites as wrapping for cylindrical concrete columns Achmad Jusuf Zulfikar; Yuhazri M.Y.; Siswo Pranoto; Din Aswan A. Ritonga; Zakir Husin
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 6 No 1 (2025): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v6i1.1467

Abstract

This study investigates the potential of laminated jute composites (LJC) as a sustainable reinforcement material for cylindrical concrete columns (CCCs) by analyzing the effects of varying the number of LJC layers on mechanical performance. Concrete, widely used in construction, is limited by its low tensile strength, prompting the need for effective reinforcement methods. While previous research has explored natural and hybrid fiber composites, the specific role of jute laminates in enhancing toughness energy (MTE) and split tensile strength (STS) remains underexplored. Specimens were prepared according to ASTM C496, with up to four LJC layers applied using a vacuum bagging method. Experimental results revealed a significant increase in MTE and STS with additional LJC layers. The four-layer configuration (J4) achieved the highest performance, with an MTE enhancement of 17,800% and an STS improvement of over 300% compared to the control specimen. These findings highlight the synergistic relationship between tensile strength and energy absorption in LJC-reinforced CCCs. The study also identified an optimal layer configuration, emphasizing the need for further exploration of durability and long-term performance. This research establishes LJC as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly material for enhancing the mechanical properties of concrete structures, offering valuable insights into sustainable construction practices.
Kekuatan Tarik Bahan Komposit Laminat E-Glass dan Epoksi Sebagai Penguat Strukur Dinding Silinder Zulfikar, Achmad Jusuf; Rivaldo, Ahmad
INOVTEK - SERI MESIN Vol 3, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Bengkalis

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35314/ism.v3i2.3353

Abstract

Bahan komposit telah mengalami perkembangan yang cukup pesat sebagai bahan baru alternatif pengganti bahan-bahan logam. Struktur dinding silinder yang terbuat dari beton merupakan struktur utama dari suatu bangunan dan akan mengalami penurunan kekuatan mekaniknya seiring dengan waktu pakainya. Dalam studi ini, bahan komposit laminat dari serat e-glass anyaman akan digunakan sebagai penguat struktur dinding terrsebut. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mendapatkan kekuatan tarik komposit laminat e-glass (KLG) sebagai penguat utama struktur beton kolom silinder (BKS), perhitungan validitas data hasil uji, dan  analisis hasil yang diperoleh. Metode pengujian menggunakan metode split tensile test dengan standar pengujian berdasarkan ASTM C496. Variasi lapisan KLG ialah mulai dari 1 lapis hingga 4 lapis. Pada masing-masing variasi dilakukan 3 kali pengujian. Pencetakan selubung KLG pada BKS menggunakan metode Vacuum Bagging. Sebagai perbandingan, dipersiapkan 3 buah spesimen tanpa selubung KLG sebagai control specimen. Analisis validitas data hasil uji ialah dengan metode data terdistribusi normal (DTN). Hasil penyelidikan memperlihatkan bahwa pemberian selubung KLG pada BKS mengakibatkan peningkatan kekuatan tarik belah BKS pada 1, 2, 3, dan 4 selubung KLG masing-masing sebesar 201%, 545%, 656%, dan 887% secara berturut-turut. Dengan demikian, pemberian selubung KLG berpotensi sebagai bahan penguat struktur BKS.
Dampak Penerapan Bahan Komposit Laminat E-Glass Epoksi terhadap Pola Retak Permukaan Dinding Silinder Zulfikar, Achmad Jusuf; Purnomo, Ari
INOVTEK - SERI MESIN Vol 3, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Bengkalis

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35314/ism.v3i2.3374

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh pola kerusakan pada spesimen beton kolom silinder (BKS) yang diperkuat dengan komposit laminat e-glass epoxy (KLG) berdasarkan hasil uji Split Tensile Test, menyelidiki fenomena pemberian penguatan bahan KLG terhadap BKS berdasarkan persentase pola retak (PPR) permukaan dinding, dan menganalisis perbandingan antara kekuatan tarik belah (KTB) dan PPR. Spesimen BKS yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini memiliki bentuk silinder dengan diameter 50 mm dan panjang 150 mm sesuai dengan standar ASTM C496. Bahan KLG digunakan sebagai lapisan tambahan pada BKS dengan variasi 0, 1, 2, 3, dan 4 lapis lembaran serat e-glass anyaman. Uji split tensile dilakukan menggunakan alat uji UTM (Universal Testing Machine) sesuai dengan standar ASTM C496. Penghitungan persentase pola retak dilakukan menggunakan metode Histogram dan bantuan perangkat lunak Adobe Photoshop. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola kerusakan terbesar terjadi pada spesimen yang diperkuat dengan 4 lapis KLG. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa diperlukan beban yang cukup besar untuk merusak spesimen yang telah diperkuat. Oleh karena itu, pemberian lapisan KLG pada BKS dapat meredam kerusakan yang terjadi pada spesimen tersebut. Analisis perbandingan antara kekuatan tarik belah dan persentase pola retak juga memberikan wawasan tambahan mengenai kinerja BKS yang diperkuat dengan KLG.
Statistical evaluation of laminate configuration effects on hybrid composite structural behavior Achmad Jusuf Zulfikar; Siswo Pranoto; Mulia; Derlini; Zakir Husin
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 7 No 1 (2026): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v7i1.2291

Abstract

The growing demand for sustainable yet high-performance structural materials has accelerated research into hybrid composite systems that combine natural and synthetic fiber reinforcements. Hybrid jute/E-glass/epoxy laminates offer a promising balance between environmental sustainability and mechanical reliability; however, their structural behavior is strongly influenced by laminate configuration. This study aims to statistically evaluate the effects of stacking sequence on the structural performance of hybrid composites, focusing on three primary objectives: (i) experimentally assessing flexural and splitting tensile behavior under controlled loading conditions, (ii) determining the statistical significance of laminate configuration using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and (iii) investigating the relationship between mechanical strength enhancement and crack pattern development. The experimental program involved the fabrication of multiple laminate configurations using vacuum-assisted processing, followed by three-point bending and splitting tensile tests in accordance with standardized procedures. Crack patterns were quantified through digital image analysis to determine the percentage of damaged surface area. The results demonstrate that alternating stacking sequences significantly improve load-bearing capacity compared to non-optimized configurations. ANOVA confirmed that laminate arrangement exerts a statistically significant effect on mechanical performance. Furthermore, a meaningful correlation was observed between increased tensile strength and greater post-failure crack surface percentage, indicating a trade-off between structural resistance and damage manifestation. These findings provide a statistically validated framework for optimizing hybrid laminate configurations in sustainable structural applications and contribute to the advancement of performance-based composite design strategies.
Digital histogram-based damage assessment of e-glass reinforced concrete cylinders Sahat Maruli Sihombing; Ibnu Hajar; Roy Lamrun Sianturi; Supriadi; Achmad Jusuf Zulfikar
JTTM : Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Vol 7 No 1 (2026): JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Teknik Mesin - Universitas Muhammadiyah Cileungsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37373/jttm.v7i1.2299

Abstract

Concrete cylinders are extensively utilized as standardized specimens to evaluate the mechanical behavior of structural concrete; however, their inherently low tensile strength makes them highly vulnerable to crack initiation and brittle fracture under splitting tensile loading. Although external confinement using E-glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminates has been widely reported to enhance tensile performance, the quantitative relationship between mechanical improvement and surface crack evolution remains insufficiently established. Accordingly, this study aims to: (1) evaluate the splitting tensile strength (STS) of concrete cylinders confined with varying numbers of E-glass laminate layers; (2) quantify surface damage using a digital histogram-based crack area percentage (PCA) method; and (3) analyze the correlation between tensile strength enhancement and crack propagation characteristics. The experimental program was conducted at the Materials and Structural Testing Laboratory, Universitas Medan Area, using cylindrical specimens wrapped with one to four E-glass layers and tested under ASTM C496 splitting tensile procedures. The results demonstrate a progressive increase in STS from 2.48 MPa (control) to 3.88 MPa (four layers), representing a 56.5% improvement, with ANOVA confirming statistical significance (p = 0.003). Digital histogram analysis revealed an increase in PCA from 3.12% to 8.19%, with a strong positive correlation (r = 0.87) between STS and crack distribution. These findings indicate that enhanced confinement promotes distributed cracking and improved energy dissipation rather than brittle localization, thereby establishing a comprehensive mechanical–digital damage assessment framework for FRP-confined concrete systems.
Co-Authors Ahmad Rivaldo Aji Tyas Muzakir Al Rasyid, Al Rasyid Ari Purnomo Arif, Zainal Azwir Sofyan Bincar Orlando Simanjuntak Bobby Umroh Bobby Umroh Danis Nainggolan Darianto Darianto Darianto, Darianto Derlini Derlini Diko Alamsyah Din Aswan A Ritonga Din Aswan A. Ritonga Din Aswan A. Ritonga Glusevic, Jean Gustami Harahap Haniza Harahap, Uun Novalia Ibnu Hajar Ifan Aulia Candra Indra Hermawan Irwan, Ade Iswandi Iswandi Iswandi Iswandi Jean Glusevic Johannes J.B. Butar Butar Joko Joko Jufrizal Jufrizal Junaidi Junaidi Lubis, Pramdya A.T. M Yusuf Rahmansyah Siahaan M. Dalil M.Y. Yuhazri Mohd Yuhazri Yaakob Muhammad Idris Muhammad Yusuf R. Siahaan Muhammad Yusuf Rahmansyah Siahaan mulia Nainggolan, Danis Nasution, Fadly A. Kurniawan Nurdiana Nurdiana Nurul Hidayat Nurul Hidayat Purnomo, Ari Rahmad B.Y Syah Rakhmad Arief Siregar Ritonga, Din Aswan A. Rivaldo, Ahmad Rizal Afandi Purba Roy Lamrun Sianturi Ruli Bay Syahputra Sahat Maruli Sihombing Siahaan, M Yusuf R Siahaan, M. Yusuf Rahmansyah Siahaan, Muhammad Yusuf Rahmansyah Siregar, Doni Alfiah Siswo Pranoto Siswo Pranoto Sofyan, Azwir Supriadi Supriatno, Supriatno Tambusay, M. Ibnu Tino Hermanto Toni Erdiansyah Weriono Yuhazri M.Y. Zakir Husin Zakir Husin