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All Journal Al-Risalah : Jurnal Imu Syariah dan Hukum Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia Legal Standing : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Awang Long Law Review Unes Law Review Jurnal Ilmu Hukum KYADIREN Jurnal Suara Hukum Indonesian Journal of Law and Economics Review Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan dan Ilmu Sosial (JMPIS) Law Development Journal Journal of Social Research COMSERVA: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik (JIHHP) Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities Aurelia: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities RechtIdee
Djajaputra, Gunawan
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Optimalisasi Pengembalian Dana pada Kesalahan Transfer Nainggolan, Valen; Djajaputra, Gunawan
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i4.1934

Abstract

The mechanism of fund reimbursement in cases of transfer errors is crucial in maintaining customer trust and satisfaction in banking services. This study aims to investigate and propose optimal steps to enhance the effectiveness of fund reimbursement mechanisms. The research methodology involves literature analysis and case studies to understand key challenges and best practices in the banking industry. Findings indicate that transfer errors can occur due to various factors, including human error, system glitches, or fraudulent activities. To optimize fund reimbursement mechanisms, a holistic approach is required, encompassing improvements in internal processes, enhanced transparency, and communication with customers, as well as the implementation of advanced technologies such as anomaly detection and automated verification. The implications of this research underscore the importance for banks to continuously improve their systems and procedures in handling transfer errors, thereby enhancing customer trust and maintaining corporate reputation. This study provides practical guidance for banks in addressing challenges related to transfer errors and ensuring swift and accurate fund reimbursements to customers.
Penyelesaian Wanprestasi Dalam Perjanjian Kerja PT. Sukses Bintang Indonesia Dengan PT. Ratu Intan Mining (Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor 3854/K/Pdt/2022) Melosia Mangiwa, Devina; Djajaputra, Gunawan
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i4.1940

Abstract

This article provides an overview of the implementation of an employment agreement or employment contract in the business world that often causes interpretation. This research is based on normative legal research with qualitative research methods. The results of this study describe the causes of default in an agreement which as a result can harm the parties who bind themselves in an agreement. Settlement of default can basically be reached through several legal remedies such as sending a subpoena, negotiations to the lawsuit in the trial. As the decision of the panel of judges in a civil case between PT. Sukses Bintang Indonesia and PT. Ratu Intan Mining has resolved the dispute between the parties in accordance with the provisions of applicable regulations.
Illegal and Unauthorized Medical Treatment In Therapeutic Transactions Adianie, Nadya; Djajaputra, Gunawan
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v7i1.1965

Abstract

In this era and age, doctors and patients are mostly bound by transactional relationship which generally written down under a therapeutic contract. The contract acts as mutual agreement between both the practitioner and patient that ensures the medical procedure will be performed professionally and highlights responsibilities of the practitioner towards patient. It becomes problematic when medical professionals performs beyond their responsibilities of what has been written under the contract which would cause of what should have been a legal procedure to become an unlawful act. Most common people wouldn’t understand and comprehend what is actually written under the contract so it becomes difficult to determine whether the medical procedure is legal or not.
Akibat Hukum Hak Asuh Anak Ketika Kedua Orang Tuanya telah Meninggal Dunia Rozalia, Reiza; Djajaputra, Gunawan
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i4.1966

Abstract

Perkawinan masuk ke dalam kategori peristiwa hukum dan suatu jalan bagi manusia untuk meneruskan keturunannya. Ikatan dua subjek hukum tersebut terjalin dapat berdampak luas pada harta kekayaan dan anak yang lahir dalam Perkawinan tersebut. Salah satunya merupakan hak waris bagi anak yang menjadi bagian keturunan antara suami dan istri tersebut. Perkawinan menurunkan harta kekayaannya kepada ahli waris khususnya kepada anak, namun terdapat beberapa kasus terdapat perceraian yang menyebabkan akibat hukum terhadap ahli warisnya terkait harta kekayaan. Selain perceraian yang berdampak terhadap harta kekayaan pada ahli warisnya adalah meninggalnya orang tua sang anak, sehingga menyebabkan anak menjadi yatim piatu. Anak yang menjadi yatim piatu mendapatkan asuhan dari wali yang ditunjuk oleh orang tua anak sebelum ia meninggal ataupun dari pihak keluarga ayah atau ibunya yang ingin menjadi wali bagi anak tersebut. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah yuridis normatif dengan mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan. Pendekatan yang dilakukan ialah dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil pembahasan pada penelitian ini ialah seorang anak yang ditinggal wafat oleh kedua orang tuanya akan tetap mendapatkan asuhan dari wali apabila ia belum mencapai umur 18 tahun. Bagi wali yang ingin mendapatkan hak asuh anak dapat meminta penetapan kepada Pengadilan Agama atau Pengadilan Negeri setempat.
The Legal Status of a Breached Indemnity Agreement in the Submission of Surety Bond Claims (Case Study of Decision No. 780/Pdt.G/2022/PN Jkt.Pst): Kedudukan Hukum Perjanjian Ganti Rugi (Indemnity Agreement) yang Wanprestasi dalam Proses Pengajuan Klaim Surety Bond (Studi Kasus Putusan No. 780/Pdt.G/2022/PN Jkt.Pst) Wijaya, Jonathan; Djajaputra, Gunawan
Indonesian Journal of Law and Economics Review Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025): November
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijler.v20i4.1392

Abstract

General Background: Surety bonds function as key legal instruments ensuring performance in Indonesia’s construction and procurement sectors. Specific Background: When a principal defaults and the surety pays the obligee’s claim, the indemnity agreement becomes central to determining the surety’s right of recourse. Knowledge Gap: However, limited scholarly attention has examined the legal force of breached indemnity agreements and the procedural barriers that may obstruct enforcement. Aims: This study analyzes the legal status and binding effect of indemnity agreements when principals fail to reimburse sureties, using District Court Decision No. 780/Pdt.G/2022/PN Jkt.Pst as a case study. Results: Findings show that the indemnity agreement constitutes an independent and binding contract under Article 1338 of the Civil Code, giving the surety an automatic and unconditional right of recourse once a claim is paid. The principal’s non-payment constitutes clear breach, triggering liability for reimbursement, penalties, and legal costs. Nonetheless, the lawsuit was declared inadmissible due to error in persona, preventing substantive examination. Novelty: This study demonstrates that substantive contractual strength alone is insufficient without procedural precision in constructing parties to the lawsuit. Implications: Effective enforcement of surety rights requires harmonizing contractual validity with strict procedural compliance to ensure legal certainty. Highlights: The indemnity agreement holds independent and binding legal force, giving the surety an unconditional right of recourse. Principal’s failure to reimburse constitutes clear breach, triggering liability for reimbursement, penalties, and legal costs. Procedural errors (error in persona) can nullify an otherwise strong substantive claim, preventing judicial examination. Keywords: Indemnity Agreement, Surety Bond, Breach of Contract, Right of Recourse, Error in Persona
The Role of Notarial Deeds in Avoiding Default on Debt Agreements: Peran Akta Notaris dalam Menghindari Wanprestasi pada Perjaanjian Utang Piutang Saputra, Ardiansyah; Djajaputra, Gunawan
Indonesian Journal of Law and Economics Review Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025): November
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijler.v20i4.1393

Abstract

General Background: Debt–credit agreements constitute a common legal instrument in civil and commercial transactions, yet remain vulnerable to default, which often triggers disputes and economic losses. Specific Background: Notarial deeds are legally recognized as authentic instruments that provide preventive and evidentiary strength in structuring such agreements. Knowledge Gap: However, limited scholarly attention has been given to examining how notarial intervention substantively reduces the risk of wanprestasi and strengthens creditor protection. Aims: This study aims to analyze the preventive role of notaries in drafting balanced loan agreements and to evaluate how authentic deeds reinforce creditors’ legal standing in cases of default. Results: Findings show that notaries not only ensure the legal validity and proportionality of contractual clauses but also provide legal certainty through authentic deeds that permit direct execution without complex litigation. Novelty: This research highlights the dual preventive–executory function of notarial deeds, demonstrating their critical contribution to both dispute avoidance and expedited enforcement. Implications: Strengthening notarial practice and public awareness of authentic deeds can significantly enhance legal protection in loan agreements, reduce default risks, and promote a more secure civil transaction environment. Highlights: Notarial deeds function preventively by ensuring balanced and lawful clauses in debt–credit agreements. Authentic notarial deeds give creditors strong evidentiary power and enable direct execution in cases of default. Strengthening notarial practice and public awareness reduces dispute risk and enhances legal certainty in civil transactions. Keywords: Debt–Credit Agreement, Notarial Deed, Default (Wanprestasi), Creditor Protection, Authentic Instrument
Kedudukan Hukum dan Tanggung Gugat Penjamin Perorangan (Borgtocht) dalam Perjanjian Kredit Tanpa Pengikatan Jaminan Kebendaan (Studi Putusan No. 752/PDT.G/2023/PN JKT.SEL) Putra, Matthew Yohanes; Djajaputra, Gunawan
Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities Vol 8, No 4 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jr.v8i4.50991

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kedudukan hukum dan tanggung gugat penjamin perorangan (borgtocht) dalam sengketa kredit macet di mana tidak dilakukan pengikatan jaminan kebendaan berupa Akta Pemberian Hak Tanggungan (APHT). Dalam praktik perbankan atau utang-piutang, ketiadaan pengikatan jaminan kebendaan menimbulkan risiko hukum tersendiri bagi kreditur dan mengubah beban tanggung jawab kepada penjamin. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan kasus (case approach) pada Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Selatan No. 752/Pdt.G/2023/PN JKT.SEL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perjanjian penanggungan (borgtocht) memiliki sifat accessoir yang keberadaannya bergantung pada perjanjian pokok, namun validitasnya tidak serta-merta gugur akibat tidak adanya APHT. Dalam Putusan No. 752/Pdt.G/2023/PN JKT.SEL, Majelis Hakim menilai bahwa ketiadaan APHT tidak menghapuskan kewajiban penjamin untuk melunasi utang debitur utama yang telah melakukan wanprestasi. Namun, hal ini berdampak pada hilangnya hak preferensi kreditur terhadap objek jaminan, sehingga kreditur berkedudukan sebagai kreditur konkuren. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menelaah pelepasan hak istimewa (privilege of excussion) yang mengakibatkan penjamin dapat digugat secara langsung tanpa perlu menyita harta debitur utama terlebih dahulu, meskipun jaminan kebendaan tidak diikat sempurna.
An Analysis of Investor Legal Protection Against Losses Resulting from System Disruptions in Electronic Stock Transactions Sinatra, Tristan Canari Joseph; Djajaputra, Gunawan
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren Vol 7 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren
Publisher : PPPM, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum (STIH) Biak-Papua

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46924/jihk.v7i2.384

Abstract

The digitalization of the Indonesian capital market, while promising easy access and efficient electronic stock transactions, actually makes investors vulnerable to system disruptions such as broker application downtime or IDX server failures. This research uses a normative-juridical research method. Legal frameworks such as the Capital Market Law, the Financial Services Authority (OJK) Law, and the Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE) Law appear normatively comprehensive, but fail to provide substantive protection due to weak enforcement, minimal standards for proportional compensation, and reliance on technical evidence that is difficult for investors to obtain. Responsible providers often escape accountability through the pretext of force majeure, while the OJK, as a regulator, is less proactive in technology audits and strict sanctions, shifting the burden of risk to novice investors. Settlement through LAPS-SJK mediation or litigation is also ineffective, as the process is asymmetric and rarely results in real justice. Urgent reforms are needed, mandating transparency in digital infrastructure and automatic redress mechanisms to prevent losses from this technological innovation.
Examining Indonesian Government Accountability And Mitigation Measures In The 2024 Taxpayer Identification Number Data Breach Alatas, Hamzah Haikal Riziq Alwi; Djajaputra, Gunawan
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren Vol 7 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren
Publisher : PPPM, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum (STIH) Biak-Papua

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46924/jihk.v7i2.385

Abstract

This study examines the Indonesian government’s accountability for the 2024 Taxpayer Identification Number (NPWP) data breach and evaluates the implementation of personal data protection obligations under the Personal Data Protection Law (PDP Law). Using a normative legal research method with statutory, conceptual, and case-based approaches, the study finds that the Directorate General of Taxes (DGT) has not fully met its duties as a Personal Data Controller. The large-scale breach, involving more than six million records, reveals weaknesses in access control, Data Protection Impact Assessments (DPIAs), privacy-by-design practices, and breach notification procedures. The PDP Law provides administrative, civil, and criminal liability mechanisms for negligent actors, all of which may be applied cumulatively. The findings indicate a significant gap between legal norms and administrative practice, undermining public trust and limiting the effectiveness of the PDP Law in safeguarding personal data.
Effectiveness of Liability Exemption Clause Regulations in Standard Agreements Based on Law Number 8 Of 1999 Concerning Consumer Protection Shindy, Felicia; Djajaputra, Gunawan
Al-Risalah VOLUME 26 NO 1, MAY (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/al-risalah.vi.62740

Abstract

Standard agreements are common instruments in modern transactions, whether in the service, trade, or digital services sectors. However, the use of liability exemption clauses by business actors in these agreements often creates an imbalance between business actors and consumers. This study aims to analyze the legal provisions regarding liability exemption clauses based on Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection (UUPK) and assess the effectiveness of its implementation in providing proportional legal protection for consumers. The research method used is a literature study by examining relevant laws and regulations, law books, academic articles, and court decisions. The results of the study show that normatively, the UUPK, particularly Article 18, explicitly prohibits the inclusion of standard clauses that limit, transfer, or exempt the liability of business actors. This prohibition is imperative, and any clause that contradicts it is declared null and void. However, the effectiveness of this regulation in practice still faces various obstacles, including low consumer awareness, weak supervision, and rampant violations in digital transactions. Nevertheless, the existence of the UUPK remains an important legal basis in efforts to enforce consumer rights and resolve disputes through litigation and non-litigation channels. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen supervision, improve business compliance, and educate consumers to ensure that the protection guaranteed by the UUPK is optimally realized.
Co-Authors Adianie, Nadya Ajo, Fransiska Litania Ea Tawa Alatas, Hamzah Haikal Riziq Alwi Albert Asri Putri, Tiyas Candra, Dimas Carlous, Sancarlous Cevitra, Mendy Dameria, Fiorella Angella David, Brandon Fikra, Mico Juli Gonadi, Aurora Vania Crisdi Hakim, Mulia Rachman Handayani, Widya Anggayesti Indira Purnawi Putra, Wahyu Iqfa Alfarel Lesmana, Ahmad Iskandar Soewito, Rizal Jonatan, Lirianna Nurtanio Junaedi Junaedi Kho, Indra Kusumonegoro, Kea Ezzati Ascarya Melosia Mangiwa, Devina Moa, Fransiskus Rifandy Nainggolan, Valen Najmi, Maulida Syahrin Natalia Lumare, Lawrina Cristi Nathanael, Enrique Nathanael, Moses Nugroho, Liana P Nur Sharky, Yoliandri Putra, Matthew Yohanes Qilan Nurfarhan, Luthfi Rangga Pamungkas, Muhammad Ilham Ratna, Yulvita Rinaldi, Renitha Putri Rozalia, Reiza Rusli, Sandra Saputra, Ardiansyah Sari, Aneta Indriya Shindy, Felicia Sinatra, Tristan Canari Joseph Solihatunnisa, Liha Tifanni, Tifanni Trinita Patricius, Priscilla Wijaya, Jonathan Yeremiarim, Omega Kharisma