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Legal Certainty For Holders of Land Rights Over The Issuance of Multiple Certificates Iskandar Soewito, Rizal; Djajaputra, Gunawan
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 4 No. 4 (2024): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities (May-June 2024)
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v4i4.513

One of the fundamental principles of the rule of law is the guarantee of legal certainty and legal protection of the rights of citizens. Laws and regulations in Indonesia, including the 1945 Constitution and Government Regulations, emphasize the state's interest in regulating the use and utilization of natural resources, including land, for the public interest and prosperity of the people. However, land is often a source of complex disputes because of its limited quantity and importance for human life. Land registration or land registration is an important step in providing legal certainty regarding land ownership. Through regulations, the government determines procedures and procedures for carrying out land registration, including collecting physical and juridical data and issuing land title certificates. However, there are still challenges and obstacles in implementing land registration, including the issuance of multiple certificates. Internal and external factors such as maladministration, lack of public knowledge, and the high rate of development can cause the issuance of double certificates. Legal protection is needed to ensure legal certainty for owners of land rights, including in resolving multiple certificates through a fair and just legal process. Regulations regarding land registration and land rights certificates also provide a time limit for parties who feel they have rights to land to submit objections, thus providing legal certainty for land rights holders. Land certificates play a dual role as a State Administrative Decree (KTUN) and proof of civil rights to land, so that the resolution of disputes regarding land certificates can be carried out through two different judicial channels.

Legal Remedies for Resolving Land Disputes under Indonesia’s Positive Law : An Evaluation of Effectiveness and Justice Moa, Fransiskus Rifandy; Djajaputra, Gunawan
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren
Publisher : PPPM, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum (STIH) Biak-Papua

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46924/jihk.v7i1.306

Land disputes in Indonesia represent a complex structural issue, shaped by overlapping legal frameworks, weak administrative systems, and the limited recognition of indigenous peoples’ rights. This study aims to analyze the mechanisms for resolving land disputes based on positive law, identify key obstacles to their implementation, and evaluate their effectiveness in ensuring both legal certainty and substantive justice. Employing a normative legal approach and qualitative-descriptive analysis, the study draws on legal texts, court decisions, and relevant academic literature. The findings indicate that although positive law offers a formal framework for dispute resolution, its practical effectiveness is constrained by bureaucratic inefficiencies, unequal access to justice, and the marginalization of customary law. In contrast, alternative mechanisms—such as mediation and customary law-based processes—have demonstrated greater adaptability to local contexts and socio-cultural realities. The study concludes that an integrative approach, combining the normative structure of positive law with non-litigation mechanisms rooted in local values, is essential for developing an effective and equitable land dispute resolution system in Indonesia.

Protection of Land Ownership Rights in Cases of Unlawful Acts Najmi, Maulida Syahrin; Djajaputra, Gunawan
RechtIdee Vol 20, No 1 (2025): JUNE
Publisher : Trunojoyo Madura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/ri.v20i1.30284

Land issues, especially those related to the control of cultivated land, are still a complex legal issue in Indonesia. Cultivated land is land managed by another party without certainty of rights, and has not been explicitly regulated in the Basic Agrarian Law Number 5 of 1960. Unlawful acts as regulated in Article 1365 of the Civil Code are the legal basis for demanding compensation for illegal acts such as control of land without permission. Although the legal basis for protecting land rights has been regulated in the Civil Code and the 1945 Constitution, in practice, legal owners often face administrative, socio-cultural obstacles, and weak law enforcement. This study uses a literature study method with a qualitative approach to examine these issues and alternative dispute resolution through civil law, summons, mediation, and arbitration. The complexity of overlapping national law, customary law, and regional regulations exacerbates legal uncertainty so that land rights protection is less than optimal.

Legal Remedies for Resolving Land Disputes under Indonesia’s Positive Law : An Evaluation of Effectiveness and Justice Moa, Fransiskus Rifandy; Djajaputra, Gunawan
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren
Publisher : PPPM, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum (STIH) Biak-Papua

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46924/jihk.v7i1.306

Land disputes in Indonesia represent a complex structural issue, shaped by overlapping legal frameworks, weak administrative systems, and the limited recognition of indigenous peoples’ rights. This study aims to analyze the mechanisms for resolving land disputes based on positive law, identify key obstacles to their implementation, and evaluate their effectiveness in ensuring both legal certainty and substantive justice. Employing a normative legal approach and qualitative-descriptive analysis, the study draws on legal texts, court decisions, and relevant academic literature. The findings indicate that although positive law offers a formal framework for dispute resolution, its practical effectiveness is constrained by bureaucratic inefficiencies, unequal access to justice, and the marginalization of customary law. In contrast, alternative mechanisms—such as mediation and customary law-based processes—have demonstrated greater adaptability to local contexts and socio-cultural realities. The study concludes that an integrative approach, combining the normative structure of positive law with non-litigation mechanisms rooted in local values, is essential for developing an effective and equitable land dispute resolution system in Indonesia.

Tanggung Jawab Notaris dalam Pembuatan Akta Perusahaan dan Implikasinya terhadap Perbuatan Pidana Pemalsuan Dokumen : (Studi Atas Putusan Nomor 589/Pid.B/2023/PN Jkt.Sel) Djajaputra, Gunawan; Albert
Legal Standing : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 9 No. 5 (2025): Legal Standing
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24269/ls.v9i5.12586

Notaries play a strategic role in the Indonesian legal system, particularly in the preparation of company deeds of establishment and amendments. A notary's responsibilities extend beyond administrative duties and include preventive legal functions and oversight of document validity. The primary duties of a notary include verifying the identity of the parties, verifying the authority of the management, verifying the authenticity of documents, recording, storing, and providing legal advice to prevent misuse of documents by unauthorized parties. The case of Muhammad Rinaldi in Decision Number 589/Pid.B/2023/PN Jkt.Sel emphasizes the importance of verifying and legalizing amendments, as illegal use of old deeds can result in legal, financial, and reputational losses for both the company and third parties. Notarial deeds have full evidentiary power as stipulated in Article 1868 of the Civil Code and Law Number 2 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 30 of 2004 concerning the Position of Notary (UUJN). However, unlawful misuse of notarial deeds can be classified as a criminal act of document forgery as referred to in Article 263 paragraph (2) of the Criminal Code. Legal protection for third parties acting in good faith is still guaranteed, including the right to restitution for losses resulting from forgery. This study confirms that integrity, professionalism, and the implementation of strict verification procedures by notaries are essential factors in ensuring legal certainty, preventing misuse of deeds, and protecting the rights of all interested parties. Thus, the role of notaries must be understood not only as the maker of deeds, but also as the guardian of legality and guardian of legal morality in notarial practice in Indonesia.

Implementasi Hukum Kewarisan dalam Penetapan Orang Hilang Carlous, Sancarlous; Djajaputra, Gunawan
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): (JIHHP) Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik
Publisher : Dinasti Review Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jihhp.v5i4.3898

Pada dasarnya penyelesaian atas hak maupun kewajiban yang diakibatkan karena kasus meninggalnya orang tertentu, terkandung dalam hukum waris. Umumnya, hukum waris menyatakan bahwa seseorang yang meninggal akan mewariskan warisannya kepada pihak ahli waris, sesuai dengan ketentuan yang dicantumkan pada surat wasiat. Alangkah tetapi, kasus tersebut berkembang kompleksitasnya pada saat pihak pewaris tidak diketahui keberadaannya, atau dinyatakan hilang. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi hukum kewarisan dalam penetapan orang hilang. Pendekatan yang ditempuh berupa pendekatan kualitatif melalui praktik desain hukum empiris normatifnya. Temuan penelitiannya mengungkapkan bahwa dalam menghadapi situasi di mana pewaris tidak diketahui keberadaannya, penting bagi pengadilan untuk menegakkan prinsip-prinsip keadilan dan kepastian hukum. Keputusan yang diambil harus mencerminkan perlindungan terhadap hak-hak pemohon sebagai ahli waris, serta memastikan bahwa tidak ada pihak yang dirugikan akibat ketidakpastian status pewaris. Kemudian, hakim memiliki peran penting dalam menilai bukti yang ada dan memberikan keputusan yang adil.

The Good Faith Of The Buyer Who Controls The Land Based On The Land Sale And Purchase Receipt (Supreme Court Decision Number 801 K / Pdt / 2022) Rinaldi, Renitha Putri; Djajaputra, Gunawan
Journal of Social Research Vol. 2 No. 8 (2023): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v2i8.1233

In Land Law in Indonesia, valid evidence for someone to prove himself as the holder of land rights is the existence of a land certificate in which the name of the right holder is written. With the land certificate, the holder of land rights already has juridical power over the land. Through land certificates that provide juridical control, land rights holders are also entitled to physical control of the land. The position of the landholder whose name and land has been registered is strong which is guaranteed certainty and legal protection. In the event that land becomes the object of sale and purchase, there are conditions and characteristics of buying and selling land that must be met in order for the legal act to be valid. To prove that there has been a sale and purchase of land, it is necessary to prove the existence of a Sale and Purchase Deed made by the Land Deed Making Officer. With the deed, the sale and purchase of land can be registered with the Land Office to provide legal certainty and protect the buyer as the holder of new land rights. The problem is when the process of buying and selling land stops at the process of paying prices only. Meanwhile, the buyer has mastered the land based on the receipt of payment of the sale and purchase price. For this reason, it is necessary to examine the good faith of buyers in buying and selling land in cases based on Supreme Court Decision Number 801 K / PDT / 2022. This research used normative legal research, which was carried out through literature studies. Research methods in analyzing and processing data are carried out qualitatively and are descriptive analytical with deductive logic conclusions.

Iktikad Baik Debitur Dalam Penyelesaian Kredit Macet: Perspektif Hukum dan Implikasinya Terhadap Perlindungan Hukum Kreditur Iqfa Alfarel Lesmana, Ahmad; Djajaputra, Gunawan
COMSERVA : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 4 No. 8 (2024): COMSERVA : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat
Publisher : Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/comserva.v4i8.2726

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan iktikad baik dalam perjanjian kredit, khususnya dalam konteks kredit macet, serta implikasinya terhadap perlindungan hukum bagi kreditur. Iktikad baik merupakan prinsip dasar dalam hukum kontrak yang menuntut setiap pihak untuk bertindak dengan itikad yang jujur dan adil, baik dalam pelaksanaan kewajiban maupun dalam menyelesaikan perselisihan. Namun, dalam praktiknya, sering kali terjadi penyalahgunaan prinsip ini, terutama dalam kasus kredit macet, yang dapat merugikan pihak kreditur. Penelitian ini mengangkat dua rumusan masalah utama: pertama, bagaimana pengertian dan penerapan iktikad baik dalam perjanjian kredit yang melibatkan kredit macet, dan kedua, bagaimana prinsip iktikad baik mempengaruhi perlindungan hukum terhadap kreditur dalam kasus tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif, dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier yang dikaji secara mendalam untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang komprehensif mengenai implementasi iktikad baik dalam kasus kredit macet. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa penerapan iktikad baik sangat penting untuk melindungi hak-hak kreditur, terutama dalam menghindari terjadinya penundaan yang merugikan dalam eksekusi hak tanggungan, dan bahwa tindakan hukum yang tidak berdasarkan iktikad baik dapat menambah kompleksitas penyelesaian sengketa dalam kredit macet.

LEGAL LIABILITY OF PROPERTY DEVELOPERS REGARDING THE FULFILLMENT OF OBLIGATIONS TO CONSUMERS IN SALE AND PURCHASE TRANSACTIONS USING THE BINDING SALE AND PURCHASE AGREEMENT Ratna, Yulvita; Djajaputra, Gunawan
Awang Long Law Review Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): Awang Long Law Review
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum Awang Long

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56301/awl.v6i2.1204

Business people show great interest in the development of the property industry. With promising market prospects, developers have significant legal responsibilities to potential buyers. To ensure legal certainty and avoid future conflicts, consumers must understand and comply with the legal rules contained in the agreement. The Sales and Purchase Agreement functions as a contract between the seller and the buyer at the initial stage of the home buying and selling process. This research examines the developer's responsibility towards consumers in house sale and purchase agreements through the Agreement of Sale and Purchase Binding mechanism, because a lack of consumer awareness and knowledge can increase risks to their rights. The method used in this research is based on normative juridical. The aim of this research is to determine the developer's legal responsibility towards buyers as consumers, so that there is legal certainty for buyers using the Agreement of Sale and Purchase Binding system. Developers must bear the losses experienced by consumers in accordance with Article 19 of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. In accordance with Article 19 of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection, this research aims to determine the developer's legal responsibility towards buyers as consumers, so that buyers can obtain legal certainty through the Agreement of Sale and Purchase Binding system. In addition, the developer is responsible for providing accurate information and guaranteeing the quality of construction, which includes the construction period to the maintenance period, until all sales and purchase agreements are completed.

CONSUMER PROTECTION AGAINST DEBTORS ON THE TRANSFER OF MORTGAGE RIGHTS VIA CESSIE Dameria, Fiorella Angella; Djajaputra, Gunawan
Awang Long Law Review Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): Awang Long Law Review
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum Awang Long

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56301/awl.v6i2.1205

Disparities in financial capabilities in society have resulted in many credit agreements being entered into between consumers as debtors and banks as creditors or lenders, which are also accompanied by collateral in the form of mortgage rights which are used as collateral for payment of receivables by the debtor if he is unable to pay his debts to the creditor. The scope related to credit agreements is increasingly expanding when the model develops that credit agreements can be transferred to third parties through a cessie or receivable transfer agreement which of course poses risks for both creditors and debtors because in principle, when receivables are transferred to the cessie buyer, then the mortgage rights as collateral are also also transferred, including in terms of claim rights by new creditors. Therefore, this issue is interesting to discuss from the perspective of debtor protection as consumers of banking institutions, especially regarding the procedures and requirements that need to be understood regarding the transfer of mortgage collateral through a cessie or receivable transfer agreement. Apart from that, debtors also need to know what legal remedies can be submitted if the credit agreement or receivable transfer procedure causes losses for the debtor. In this research, the author uses a normative juridical research method using literature study and a legal approach. The results of the research show that based on the Consumer Protection Law and Financial Services Authority regulation, the Debtor as a consumer has the right to know clear and accurate information regarding the procedures and requirements of credit agreements including receivable transfer or cessie agreements and the legal consequences for the mortgage rights which he uses as collateral, including filing a complaint and/or legal remedies in litigation and non-litigation as long as he feels disadvantaged. The government needs to aggressively carry out outreach regarding all applicable regulations regarding credit agreements.

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