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Amin Ash Shabah, Musyaffa
Universitas Islam 45
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Judicial Reasoning in Child Guardianship: Gender Justice and Maqāṣid Al-Sharī'ah in Indonesian Religious Courts Martius, Martius; Ash Shabah, Musyaffa Amin; Akbar, Azhar Muhamad; Che-umong, E-bat; Gustiana, Restia
Mawaddah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol 3 No 2 (2025): November
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52496/mjhki.v3i2.103

Abstract

Child guardianship (ḥaḍānah) in Islamic family law represents a critical mechanism for child protection during family dissolution, yet existing scholarship remains predominantly normative and fragmented, lacking longitudinal socio-legal analysis of judicial reasoning that integrates child protection and gender justice within Islamic legal frameworks. This study aims to analyze the transformation of child guardianship adjudication in Indonesian Religious Courts (Pengadilan Agama) during 2020–2025, focusing on judicial reasoning patterns, child welfare orientations, and the positioning of women's rights. Employing a normative-empirical (socio-legal) approach, this study analyzed 120 guardianship decisions retrieved from the Supreme Court Verdict Directory through qualitative content analysis and systematic coding, integrating three analytical frameworks: the best interest of the child, maqāṣid al-sharī'ah, and gender justice theory. The findings reveal a significant shift from textualist-normative reasoning toward discretionary, welfare-oriented adjudication, with judges increasingly prioritizing emotional stability, caregiving continuity, and socioeconomic conditions. A pronounced maternal preference pattern was identified, reflecting caregiving realities while simultaneously indicating latent gender bias. Women's rights were found to be implicitly integrated yet structurally subordinated within the best interest framework rather than recognized as autonomous legal principles. The COVID-19 pandemic additionally functioned as a structural catalyst accelerating guardianship litigation. This study contributes a longitudinal socio-legal framework that bridges maqāṣid al-sharī'ah with contemporary human rights discourse, while critically exposing the risks of unchecked judicial subjectivity. These findings underscore the urgent need for verdict standardization, explicit gender justice integration, and systematic reform of Islamic family law in Indonesia.
Co-Authors Agus Supriyanto Agus Supriyanto Akbar, Azhar Muhamad Alfiana Indah Muslimah Alief, Vania Alivia, Siti Almas Syafa Andini, Zahra Anti Tri Octaviani Che-umong, E-bat Elva Fahrun Ema Damayanti Fadlillah, Ihsan Gustiana, Restia Hamid, Nor 'Adha Ab Haqiyah, Aridhotul Hayatun Nufus Imam Addaruqutni Indah Indah Choiriyah Indah Choiriyah Putri Hartono Indah Nurazizah Indah Nurazizah Intan Cahnia Intan Cahnia Irfanudin, Hafidz Khabibah, Khilwa Khafid, Muhamad Khoiriyah, Ummi Kurniawan, Tri Bagus Madnur Maha, Esa Maharani, Widya Martius Martius Masyrofah Maulana, M. Rifki Moelki Fahmi Ardliansyah Muflihatul Isnaeni Muflihatul Isnaeni Muhammad Fauzi Alamsyah Nafiah Nahrowi Nahrowi Najwa, Aida Aldilla Nur Nahdhiyatuz Zahro Nuraini, Ade Indah Oni Wastoni Oni Wastoni Pusaka, Semerdanta Putra Pratama, Rian Rizqi Putri, Nanda Azizah Rafika Rahmawati Rahman, Daffi Rahmat Diffa Basri Ardana Ramadhan, Dickyansyah Rian Rizqi Putra Pratama Riyan Erwin Hidayat Saputri, Adinda Septi Khoirunnisa Shabah, Musyaffa Siti Fatimatul Muffidah Siti Fatmala Sofyan Munawar Suprihatin Suprihatin Suprihatin - Suprihatin Suprihatin Uswatun Khasanah Valisa Nur Ajizah Wastoni, Oni Widiawati Widiawati, Widiawati Yoyo Hambali Yoyo Hambali