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Predicting Postoperative Mortality in Head Injury Patients: Evaluating the Accuracy of Rotterdam Score Fadhli Aufar Kasyfi; Agung Muda Patih; Erial Bahar
Sriwijaya Journal of Surgery Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Sriwijaya Journal of Surgery
Publisher : Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/sjs.v8i1.118

Abstract

Introduction: Head injury remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally, necessitating accurate prognostic tools to guide clinical decision-making and inform patient outcomes. Rotterdam Score, a computed tomography (CT)-based scoring system, has shown promise in predicting mortality in head injury patients. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the Rotterdam Score in predicting postoperative mortality in head injury patients undergoing surgery. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 56 head injury patients who underwent surgery at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, between December 2023 and November 2024. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and CT scan findings were collected. Rotterdam Score was calculated for each patient, and its accuracy in predicting postoperative mortality was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: The study cohort comprised 37 (66.1%) males and 19 (33.9%) females, with a mean age of 31.8 ± 21.6 years. Mild head injury was the most common Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) classification (42.9%). The overall mortality rate was 17.8%. ROC curve analysis revealed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.953 for the Rotterdam Score, with an optimal cut-off value of 4.5. Rotterdam Score demonstrated a sensitivity of 80%, specificity of 97.8%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 88.8%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 95.7% in predicting postoperative mortality. Conclusion: The Rotterdam Score is a highly accurate predictor of postoperative mortality in head injury patients undergoing surgery. Its CT-based assessment allows for rapid and objective prognostication, aiding clinicians in risk stratification and treatment planning. Further research with larger and more diverse populations is warranted to validate these findings and establish the generalizability of Rotterdam Score across different healthcare settings.
Impact of Prolonged Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Aortic Cross-Clamp Time on Postoperative Ventilator Dependency Following Mitral Valve Replacement Aswin Nugraha; Reizkhi Fitriyana; Erial Bahar
Sriwijaya Journal of Surgery Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Sriwijaya Journal of Surgery
Publisher : Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/sjs.v8i1.126

Abstract

Introduction: Mitral valve replacement (MVR) is a common procedure for severe mitral valve disease. Prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time and aortic cross-clamp (AOX) time during cardiac surgery are known to be associated with adverse postoperative outcomes, including prolonged mechanical ventilation. Understanding the predictive value of these intraoperative times specifically for ventilator dependency after MVR is crucial for risk stratification and patient management. This study aimed to determine the accuracy of CPB time and AOX time as predictors of postoperative ventilator duration in patients undergoing MVR at a tertiary referral hospital in Palembang, Indonesia. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using medical records of patients aged ≥ 18 years who underwent MVR between January 2022 and December 2024 at RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. Data from 79 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were analyzed. The primary independent variables were CPB time and AOX time (categorized using a 90-minute cut-off). The primary outcome was prolonged mechanical ventilation (defined as >24 hours). Secondary outcomes included ICU length of stay (>4 days) and in-hospital mortality. Statistical analysis involved Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Prolonged CPB time (≥90 minutes) was observed in 62% of patients, and prolonged AOX time (≥90 minutes) in 45.6%. Both prolonged AOX time (OR 15.167, p=0.01) and prolonged CPB time (OR 8.88, p=0.01) were significantly associated with mechanical ventilation >24 hours. Multivariate analysis confirmed both AOX time (Adjusted OR 8.741, p=0.049) and CPB time (Adjusted OR 5.163, p=0.027) as independent predictors for prolonged ventilation. Significant associations were also found between prolonged AOX/CPB times and ICU stay >4 days (p=0.03 for both). No significant association was found between CPB/AOX times and in-hospital mortality (p=0.968 and p=0.206, respectively). Conclusion: Prolonged CPB time and AOX time are significant independent predictors of postoperative ventilator dependency exceeding 24 hours following MVR in this patient cohort. Minimizing these intraoperative durations may reduce the burden of prolonged mechanical ventilation.
Beyond Clinical Intuition: Quantitative Mortality Prediction in Blunt Thoracic Trauma using the Thoracic Trauma Severity Score (TTSS) Harief Seamaladi; Aswin Nugraha; Erial Bahar
Sriwijaya Journal of Surgery Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Sriwijaya Journal of Surgery
Publisher : Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/sjs.v8i1.127

Abstract

Introduction: Blunt thoracic trauma is a leading cause of significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in younger populations. Accurate and early prediction of mortality is crucial for guiding clinical management and resource allocation. This study aimed to move beyond subjective clinical assessment by evaluating the accuracy of the Thoracic Trauma Severity Score (TTSS) as an objective, quantitative tool for predicting in-hospital mortality in patients with blunt thoracic trauma in a specific regional trauma center. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia. Data from 38 patients admitted with blunt thoracic trauma between January 2023 and January 2025 were analyzed. The TTSS was calculated for each patient based on five parameters: age, number of rib fractures, presence of bilateral rib fractures, extent of pulmonary contusion (assessed by chest X-ray), and the PaO2​/FiO2​ ratio (from arterial blood gas analysis). The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the predictive accuracy of the TTSS, including the Area Under the Curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and optimal cut-off value. Bivariate analysis using the chi-square test was performed. Results: Of the 38 patients, 76.3% (n=29) were male. The mortality rate was 15.8% (n=6). The ROC curve analysis for TTSS in predicting mortality yielded an AUC of 0.727 (95% CI: 0.447–1.000; p = 0.082). At an optimal cut-off value of 10.5, the TTSS demonstrated a sensitivity of 66.6% and a specificity of 71.8% for mortality prediction. Patients with TTSS >7 had a significantly higher proportion of mortality (83% of deaths occurred in this group) compared to those with TTSS $\leq$7. Conclusion: The Thoracic Trauma Severity Score (TTSS) showed fair predictive accuracy for in-hospital mortality in patients with blunt thoracic trauma in this study setting. While demonstrating reasonable sensitivity at a cut-off of 10.5, its specificity was also moderate. The TTSS can serve as a useful quantitative adjunct to clinical judgment, aiding in the early identification of patients at higher risk, though its limitations, particularly the modest specificity and non-significant p-value for AUC in this cohort, warrant cautious interpretation and highlight the need for further validation in larger, multicenter studies.
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF CLINICAL SCORING SYSTEMS (NSS, NDS, AND TCSS) COMPARED TO ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL TESTING IN DIABETIC NEUROPATHY AMONG T2DM PATIENTS Muhlisa, Safitri; Theresia Christin; Yulianto Kusnadi; Erial Bahar
Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan : Publikasi Ilmiah Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya Vol. 12 No. 3 (2025): Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan : Publikasi Ilmiah Fakultas Kedokteran Univers
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/jkk.v12i3.689

Abstract

Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common chronic complications in diabetes mellitus patients and can significantly impair quality of life. Early diagnosis is essential, but limited availability of diagnostic tools such as electrophysiological testing in many healthcare facilities calls for more practical and efficient alternatives. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of three clinical scoring systems—NSS (Neuropathy Symptom Score), NDS (Neuropathy Disability Score), and TCSS (Toronto Clinical Scoring System)—in detecting diabetic neuropathy among Type 2 DM patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital, Palembang. A cross-sectional design was employed, and findings revealed that TCSS had the highest accuracy (90.3%) compared to NDS (85.5%) and NSS (85.4%). TCSS also demonstrated the best balance of sensitivity (95.4%) and specificity (77.8%). All three instruments can serve as effective early screening tools, especially in healthcare settings with limited access to electrophysiological diagnostic facilities.
Relationship between CD-8 Expression to Treatment Response in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patient After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang Utama, Denny Satria; Eriza; Belly Sutopo Wijaya; Erial Bahar
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 4 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i4.455

Abstract

Background. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the most common malignancy in head and neck in Indonesia with 19,943 new cases in 2020 resulting 13,399 deaths. Lymphocytes are cells that play a role in the anti-cancer immune response, especially CD-8 T-cells. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is chemotherapy given before radiotherapy that aims to kill primary tumors and micrometastasis tumors. This study aims to find out the relationship of CD-8 expression to treatment response in NPC undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang. Methods. This study is an analytical observational research study on a retrospective cohort basis. Data collection from medical records using total sampling in 15 patients pilot study of NPC patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy and conducted CD-8 examination at ORLHNS polyclinic Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang from December 2018 to December 2019 that met the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. Results. From 15 samples, the average CD-8 test result before neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 24.54 ng/μL and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 193.56 ng/μL. There was a tendency to increase the average CD-8 from before to after completion of neoadjuvan chemotherapy with a statistically significant difference of p =0.001. ROC analysis found CD-8 cut off points is 23.76 ng/μL with an area below the curve is 0.667. There were no significant relationships between CD-8 to performance status and treatment response with p values of 0.289 and 0.219, respectively. Conclusions. There was a significant change between CD-8 before neoadjuvant chemotherapy and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy with increased CD-8 tendencies and trends from before to after 6 series neoadjuvant chemotherapy with CD-8 cut off points is 23.76 ng/μL. In this study there has not been a significant relationships between CD-8 to performance status and treatment response in NPC patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
The Relationship between Maxillofacial Injury Severity Score (MFISS) and Outcomes of Maxillofacial Trauma Patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital (RSMH) Palembang, Indonesia Valendra, Deo; Iqmal Perlianta; Erial Bahar
Sriwijaya Journal of Surgery Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Surgery
Publisher : Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/sjs.v6i2.92

Abstract

Introduction: Maxillofacial trauma is an important public health problem, and understanding the relationship between injury severity and patient outcomes is critical for effective management. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the maxillofacial injury severity score (MFISS) and the outcomes of maxillofacial trauma patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang. Methods: An analytical observational study was conducted involving 121 maxillofacial trauma patients from April to May 2023. Data regarding patient characteristics, MFISS scores, type of management, length of stay, and mortality were collected and analyzed using statistical tests. Results: The majority of maxillofacial trauma patients were male (74.4%) and aged over 18 years (63.6%). Traffic accidents are the main cause of trauma (84.3%). The distribution of MFISS scores showed that 75% of patients had mild scores, 18.2% had moderate scores, and 5.8% had severe scores. Most patients underwent surgical management, with the majority having a length of stay of ≤7 days. The mortality rate was 2.5%. There was no significant relationship between the MFISS score and type of management (p > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the length of stay based on the MFISS score (p = 0.000). Patients with severe MFISS scores had significantly longer lengths of stay compared with patients with mild or moderate scores. In addition, there was a significant relationship between MFISS score and mortality (p = 0.000). Patients with severe MFISS scores had a higher risk of death compared with patients with mild to moderate scores. Conclusion: The MFISS score is associated with length of stay and mortality in maxillofacial trauma patients. However, there was no significant relationship between the MFISS score and the type of management.
Accuracy of Bleeding Volume as a Predictor of Mortality in Epidural Hemorrhage Patients Undergoing Surgery at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia Stefiyan, Ferdi; Trijoso Permono; Erial Bahar
Sriwijaya Journal of Surgery Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Surgery
Publisher : Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/sjs.v6i2.93

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Introduction: EDH is a collection of blood clots between the dura layer and the cranium. This is usually caused by rupture of the middle meningeal artery but can also be caused by rupture of the dural venous sinus, diploic vein, meningeal vein, or bleeding from the fracture line. CT scan is the investigation of choice to detect intracranial injury after trauma. CT scans can also identify additional features that influence the results, namely, midline shifting, blood clot thickness and hematoma volume, cerebral edema, and cranium fractures. This study aimed to determine the accuracy of bleeding volume as a predictor of mortality in epidural hemorrhage patients undergoing surgery at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang Indonesia. Methods: This study is a retrospective study of prognostic tests to determine the accuracy of bleeding volume as a predictor of mortality in patients with EDH who underwent surgery at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital. This study uses secondary data obtained from medical record data at the medical records installation of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia. A total of 106 research subjects participated in this study. Results: The sensitivity value of bleeding volume was 77.7%, and specificity was 78.3%, and also obtained a positive predictive value of 7.21% and a negative predictive value of 97.4%, it can be concluded that bleeding volume is not accurate as a predictor of mortality. Conclusion: Bleeding volume is not an accurate predictor of mortality in epidural hemorrhage patients undergoing surgery at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang Indonesia.
Accuracy of D-dimer as a Predictive Biomarker for Outcome in Head Injured Patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia Masdiyanto, Gayuh Prastya; Agung Muda Patih; Erial Bahar
Sriwijaya Journal of Surgery Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Surgery
Publisher : Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/sjs.v6i2.95

Abstract

Introduction: D-dimer reflects the upregulation of the overall hemostatic system upon admission. If D-dimer levels increase, coagulation disorders appear. This is considered a poor prognostic factor. High D-dimer levels reflect the severity of brain injury. Activation of systemic coagulation causes extensive intravascular fibrin deposition and a decrease in platelets and coagulation factors. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of D-dimer as a predictive biomarker for outcomes in head injury patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia. Methods: This study is a prospective prognostic test study to test the sensitivity and specificity of D-dimer for prediction mortality in patients with severe head injuries at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital (RSMH) Palembang in the period June 2023 to August 2023. A total of 47 research subjects participated in this study. Results: Post 24-hour D-dimer levels have a cut-off point of 11.78 mg/L, which has high accuracy in poor outcomes. D-dimer levels after 5 days have a cut-off point value of 2.3 mg/L and have high sensitivity in predicting poor outcomes, and the value of the difference in changes in D-dimer based on poor outcome patients have a cut-off point of 3.33 mg/L, which has a high sensitivity in predicting a poor prognosis. Conclusion: D-dimer levels are quite accurate as a predictive biomarker for outcomes in head injury patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia.
Accuracy of Fat Mass and Muscle Mass Measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Predicting Osteoporosis in Older Adults Riviati, Nur; Ari Dwi Prasetyo; Rizki Bastari; Surya Darma; Erial Bahar
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i2.1191

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Background: Osteoporosis is a prevalent bone disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture risk. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of fat mass (FM) and muscle mass measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in predicting osteoporosis in older adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 109 outpatients aged 60 years and older. FM parameters (total fat mass, visceral fat level, and fat mass index [FMI]) and muscle mass parameters (total muscle mass, appendicular skeletal muscle mass [ASM], and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index [ASMI]) were measured using BIA. Osteoporosis was diagnosed based on BMD measurements using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine cut-off points and assess the accuracy of BIA parameters in predicting osteoporosis. Results: The prevalence of osteoporosis was 52.3% (n=57). The optimal cut-off points for predicting osteoporosis were: total fat mass >36.25%, visceral fat level >12.05, FMI >7.82 kg/m2, total muscle mass <37.82 kg, ASM <16.795 kg, and ASMI <6.895 kg/m2. Among the FM parameters, visceral fat level had the highest accuracy (AUC = 60.9%, sensitivity = 64.9%, specificity = 78.8%) while FMI had the lowest (AUC = 53.5%, sensitivity = 56.1%, specificity = 57.7%). For muscle mass parameters, ASM showed the highest accuracy (AUC = 74.0%, sensitivity = 70.2%, specificity = 76.9%). Conclusion: BIA-derived FM and muscle mass parameters, particularly visceral fat level and ASM can be used to predict osteoporosis in older adults with good accuracy. This non-invasive and accessible method may be useful as a screening tool for osteoporosis, especially in settings where DXA is unavailable.
Hubungan Ekspresi Top 2A dengan Karakteristik Histopatologi dan Status Reseptor Hormon pada Karsinoma Payudara Her-2 Positif Agustine Tinambunan; Henny Sulastri; Fifie Julianita; Erial Bahar
Majalah Patologi Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 2, Mei 2013
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Anatomik Indonesia (PDSPA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

ABSTRAK Latar belakang Top 2A adalah enzim inti yang berperan penting pada replikasi DNA dan merupakan terapi target banyak agen kemoterapi. Pada karsinoma payudara ekspresinya berhubungan dengan proliferasi sel dan ekspresi berlebih protein HER-2, namun hubungan ekspresi keduanya dengan karakteristik histopatologi dan status reseptor hormon masih kontroversial. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan antara ekspresi Top 2A dengan karakteristik histopatologi yang merupakan faktor prognosis dan status reseptor hormon pada karsinoma payudara primer HER-2 positif. Metode Penelitian ini adalah penelitian retrospektif cross sectional. Tiga puluh sampel preparat karsinoma payudara HER-2 positif hasil biopsi, lumpektomi dan mastektomi diambil dari arsip di bagian Patologi Anatomik RSMH, dilakukan pulasan dengan antibodi Top 2A, diteliti hubungannya dengan derajat keganasan, invasi limfovaskular dan status reseptor hormon serta sebaran ekspresinya berdasarkan usia dan morfologi tumor. Enam belas sampel preparat hasil mastektomi diteliti untuk menilai hubungan antara ekspresi Top 2A dengan status kelenjar limfe dan ukuran tumor. Hasil Ekspresi Top 2A positif dijumpai 14 kasus (46,7%) seluruhnya dengan massa tumor berukuran lebih dari 2 cm, derajat keganasan tinggi (71,4%), invasi limfovaskuler (71,4%), status kelenjar limfe sebagian besar negatif (71,4%) dan hanya 50% dengan status reseptor hormon positif. Karsinoma payudara HER-2 positif dengan ekspresi berlebih Top 2A sebagian besar dengan morfologi karsinoma duktal invasif (71,4%) dan pada kategori usia 41-50 tahun (71,4%). Analisis hubungan ekspresi Top 2A dengan ukuran tumor, status kelenjar limfe, invasi limfovaskuler, derajat keganasan dan status reseptor hormon secara statistik tidak bermakna (p>0,05). Rasio Odds dengan status reseptor sebesar 0,26. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara ekspresi berlebih Top 2A dengan karakteristik usia kurang dari 50 tahun (p 2cm, and mostly with high degree of malignancy (71.4%), and with positive hormone receptor status (50%). Most of breast cancer with positive Top 2A are invasive ductal carcinoma (71.4%) and have age category 41-50 years old in 10 (71.4 %) cases. There are no significant correlation between Top 2A expression with tumour size, tumour grade, lympho-vascular invasion, lymph nodes status and hormone receptor status in HER-2 positif breast cancer. However, over-expression of Top 2A have a signifiant correlation with age category