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All Journal BIOTIK: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Teknologi dan Kependidikan Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Jurnal Biologi Tropis EKSAKTA : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pembelajaran MIPA Jurnal Pembelajaran dan Biologi Nukleus Best Journal (Biology Education, Sains and Technology) IJOEP : International Journal of Ecophysiology Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi UMA (JIBIOMA) BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Journal of Natural Sciences Islamic Journal of Integrated Science Education BIO-CONS: Jurnal Biologi dan Konservasi
Hutasuhut, Melfa Aisyah
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Energy Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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Processing of Sugarcane Bagasse (Saccharum officinarum L.) for Bioplastic Production with the Addition of Glycerol and Chitosan Lubis, Annisa Nurul Sakinah; Hutasuhut, Melfa Aisyah; Widiarti, Leni
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v14i2.20291

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the effects of varying bagasse mass, as well as the roles of glycerol as a plasticizer and chitosan as a reinforcing agent, on the physical, mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of bioplastics. The research was conducted through laboratory experiments using a completely randomized design (CRD). The mass of bagasse was varied at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 g, while the concentrations of glycerol and chitosan were kept constant across all treatments. The results showed that increasing the mass of bagasse tended to produce bioplastics with greater stiffness and brittleness, while also reducing surface homogeneity, as observed through SEM analysis. The addition of glycerol improved material flexibility, as indicated by an increase in elongation from 11.8% to 27.9%. Meanwhile, chitosan contributed to enhanced tensile strength, which increased from 0.4199 MPa to 1.4221 MPa. In addition, higher bagasse content improved thermal resistance, as demonstrated by DSC analysis. The highest biodegradation rate reached 73.95% in a sample with a specific composition during the testing period. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of functional group interactions among cellulose, glycerol, and chitosan within the bioplastic matrix. These findings indicate that the combination of bagasse with glycerol and chitosan can produce bioplastics with a balanced combination of flexibility, mechanical strength, and biodegradability. This study contributes to the utilization of agricultural waste as a value-added raw material for bioplastic production and supports the development of sustainable, environmentally friendly materials.
Biopolimer Preparation of Cellulose Nanowhiskers from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) as a Biopolymer Composite Material Yani, Minda; Hutasuhut, Melfa Aisyah; Widiarti, Leni
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v14i2.20304

Abstract

This study aimed to develop cellulose nanowhiskers from oil palm empty fruit bunches (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) as an environmentally friendly reinforcing material for biopolymer composites and to evaluate their characteristics using FTIR, TEM, XRD, and DSC analyses. This development was intended to produce composite materials with improved mechanical properties and thermal stability, thereby offering potential applications in eco-friendly products such as biodegradable packaging, lightweight automotive materials, and biopolymer-based construction materials. The fabrication process involved several sequential stages, including alkaline pretreatment using NaOH, bleaching with NaOCl, cellulose isolation, acid hydrolysis using H₂SO₄, and subsequent mechanical refinement using a ball mill. The yield calculation showed a value of 3.33% based on the initial raw material weight. TEM observations indicated that the cellulose nanowhiskers exhibited a varied particle size distribution, with particles in the range of 50–100 nm tending to be more uniform than larger particles. XRD analysis revealed a crystallinity index of 54.50% and a characteristic cellulose I pattern, indicating that most of the structure was present in crystalline form. DSC analysis further demonstrated that the cellulose nanowhiskers possessed good thermal stability. Based on these findings, cellulose nanowhiskers derived from oil palm empty fruit bunches show considerable potential as environmentally friendly reinforcing agents for biopolymer composites.
Co-Authors Ahyadiyani, R. Anas, Nirwana Astuti, Astri Widia Aulia, Putri Ayu Puspita Azzahra, Fathia Balqish, Annisa Deby Anggraini, Deby diana, Rahma Doly, Raja Hanifah Mutia Zaida Ningrum Amrul Harahap, Atika Rahmah Hasibuan, Telni Rusmi Tantri Husnarika Febriani, Husnarika Leni Widiarti, Leni Lubis, Annisa Nurul Sakinah Manalu, Kartika Manalu, Perlin B. Novianti, Mutiara Nurwijayanti Rahmadani, Nurul Rahmadina, Rahmadiana Rahmadina, Rahmadina Ramayati, Ike Rosifa, Gita Dewi Rosmadani, Wiwid Simbolon, Wira Hariati Sutriani, Iin Syukriah Tambunan, Efrida Pima Sari Tambunan, Efrida Prima Sari Tanjung, Fatimah Prawita Putri Samri Tazkiah, Citra Wahyu Aditya Yani, Minda Zahratul Idami