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All Journal Jurnal PG-PAUD Trunojoyo : Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Anak Usia Dini JCE (Journal of Childhood Education) Jurnal Pelita PAUD Aulad : Journal on Early Childhood GETER : Jurnal Seni Drama, Tari dan Musik Thufuli: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini Virtuoso: Jurnal Pengkajian dan Penciptaan Musik WISDOM: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Literasi Nusantara Sepakat : Sesi Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Nak-Kanak: Journal of Child Research Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Jurnal Pelita PAUD
Angga Fitriyono
Universitas Trunojoyo Madura
Arts Humanities Chemistry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Mathematics Neuroscience Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Enhancing Gross Motor Skills through Competition-Based Obstacle Play: An Effectiveness Study at TK Khadijah Surabaya Tamala, Aprilia Putri; Nazarullail, Fikri; Fitroh, Siti Fadjryana; Fitriyono, Angga; Oktavianingsih, Eka Oktavianingsih
Nak-Kanak: Journal of Child Research Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): Issue in progress
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/njcr.v2i4.182

Abstract

Background of the study: Gross motor skills constitute one of the essential developmental domains in early childhood education. Their development is equally important as cognitive, social–emotional, and language development. Therefore, early childhood educators must possess the ability to design learning experiences that effectively stimulate children’s physical and motor development. However, learning activities targeting gross motor skills in many early childhood institutions remain limited, particularly in the use of structured, engaging, and competition-based play that can enhance children’s balance, agility, and strength. Aims and scope of paper: This study aims to examine the effectiveness of competition-integrated obstacle games in improving the gross motor skills of children aged 4–5 years at TK Khadijah Surabaya. Methods: This study employed a quantitative approach using an experimental method. A pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest model was implemented. The sample consisted of 31 children in Group A at TK Khadijah Surabaya selected through a non-probability sampling technique. The instrument used was an observation sheet assessing three gross motor categories: balance, agility, and strength. Data analysis included prerequisite tests—normality and homogeneity—and hypothesis testing using a paired sample t-test. Reliability testing yielded a coefficient of 0.966, normality values were 0.130 (pretest) and 0.196 (posttest), and the homogeneity test produced a value of 0.217. Results: The paired sample t-test showed a significance value of 0.000 at alpha = 0.05, indicating a statistically significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores. The mean pretest score was 36.5, while the mean posttest score increased to 55.1, demonstrating that competition-based obstacle games effectively enhanced children’s gross motor development. Contribution: This study provides empirical evidence that competitive obstacle play can serve as an effective pedagogical strategy for stimulating gross motor development in early childhood. Practically, the findings offer guidance for early childhood educators in designing engaging, play-based learning activities that optimize children’s physical development in educational settings.
Co-Authors Amanah, Siti Khusniatul Anita, Rif'atul Anita, Rif’atul Anjani, Fadillah Ratisya Putri Azulva, Naula Taufiqi Dewi Mayangsari Dias Putri Yuniar Dias Putri Yuniar Dwi Nurhayati Adhani, Dwi Nurhayati Fadillah Ratisya Putri Anjani Febrianti Dwi Vitria Putri Harlambang, Ayu Lirana Suryaning Hasnawati - Kartika Dewi Lailatul Rahmawati, Rizka Latif, Muhammad Abdul Lirana Suryaning Harlambang, Ayu Marzuqoh, Nur Laili Milla Ahmadia Apologia Nazarullail, Fikri Oktavianingsih, Eka Oktavianingsih Retno Lestari, Anindra Rizka Lailatul Rahmawati Selamet Joko Utomo, Selamet Joko Shofiyatuz Zahroh Siti Fadjryana Fitroh Tamala, Aprilia Putri Tarich Yuandana Tirta Dimas Wahyu Negara Yuandana, Tarich