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Evaluation of basalt-based mortars incorporating local bio-fibers using the TOPSIS method: a technical, environmental, and economic assessment Putra, Anak Agung Ngurah Dwipayana; Kardita, Putu Cinthya Pratiwi; I Made Agus Ariawan; Ningsih, Ni Ketut Ary Tubuh Harum; Syah, William Steven Brian
PADURAKSA: Jurnal Teknik Sipil Universitas Warmadewa 312-321
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik dan Perencanaan, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/pd.14.2.13983.312-321

Abstract

The construction sector in Bali still generates significant environmental waste, including from the tabas stone craft industry, which produces waste equivalent to 30% of the original stone in the form of small pieces and powder. Tabas stone is used as an ornament in traditional Balinese buildings, accounting for 50–80% of the construction material in Bali. This waste is often disposed of in rivers, reducing the wet surface area and polluting the environment. On the other hand, mortar as a binding material in construction accounts for about 30% of total building material use, making the use of environmentally friendly local materials in mortar formulations highly relevant. In 2022, out of 1.02 million tons of waste in Bali, about 70% was organic waste. Most of it came from the construction, agriculture, and handicraft sectors, such as bamboo fiber (BF), coconut fiber (CF), and pineapple leaf fiber (PLF). These materials have high cellulose content, namely bamboo powder at 53.6%, coconut husk at 43.44%, and pineapple leaves at 71.5%, which have the potential to be used as environmentally friendly mortar additives. This study aims to evaluate mortar formulations based on basalt scoria with the addition of these fibers from technical, environmental, and cost-efficiency perspectives. The TOPSIS method from the MCDM approach was used to determine the best formulation based on parameter rankings. The results showed that with the addition of 10% cellulose fibers, the compressive strength obtained was 4.137 MPa for bamboo fibers, 3.224 MPa for coconut husk fibers, and 3.923 MPa for pineapple leaf fibers. The ranking results indicate that while bamboo fiber (BF) shows the highest cost efficiency, the MS-12CCF mixture emerges as the most balanced alternative when considering technical, environmental, and economic aspects.
Analisis Perbandingan Tebal Struktur Perkerasan Jalan Kaku Menggunakan Metode AASHTO 1993, Pd T–14–2003, dan MDP 2024 Wibawa, I Putu Chandra; Ariawan, I Made Agus; Winaya, Putu Kwintaryana
Reinforcement Review in Civil Engineering Studies and Management Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38043/reinforcement.v4i2.7155

Abstract

Perencanaan perkerasan jalan yang andal penting untuk menjamin umur rencana dan kinerja struktural, terutama pada ruas jalan dengan volume lalu lintas tinggi seperti pada rencana Jalan Tol Gilimanuk–Mengwi. Penelitian ini memiliki urgensi untuk membandingkan metode desain perkerasan kaku yang mengusung prinsip empiris dan mekanistik empiris terhadap kondisi lapangan di Indonesia, yang memiliki karakteristik iklim tropis dengan curah hujan tinggi serta tanah dasar bervariasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan hasil tebal perkerasan kaku dengan metode AASHTO 1993, Pd T–14–2003, dan Manual Desain Perkerasan 2024 (MDP 2024). Metode penelitian dilakukan menggunakan pedoman desain perencanaan pada tebal slab beton, yaitu AASHTO 1993, Pd T–14–2003, dan MDP 2024. Hasil analisis menunjukkan metode AASHTO 1993 menghasilkan tebal slab 30,00 cm dengan nilai W18 sebesar 31.363.966 ESA, menunjukkan efisiensi struktural tinggi. Metode Pd T–14–2003 memperlihatkan hasil analisis kelelahan dan erosi dengan nilai persentase kerusakan di bawah 100%, menandakan desain yang aman secara struktural. Sementara metode MDP 2024 menghasilkan nilai fatigue 0% dan erosi 92,77%, menandakan ketahanan tinggi terhadap beban berulang dan potensi erosi tanah dasar. Kesimpulannya, metode MDP 2024 paling representatif dan adaptif terhadap kondisi lalu lintas serta lingkungan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam memberikan dasar ilmiah untuk pemilihan metode desain perkerasan kaku dalam konsep empiris maupun mekanistik empiris.
Pengaruh Durasi Pemanasan Aspal dan Simulasi Penuaan Campuran Aspal terhadap Kinerja Stiffness, Creep, dan Fatigue Perkerasan Jalan I Gusti Agung Bagus Chandrastika Wangsa; I Made Agus Ariawan; I Nyoman Arya Thanaya
Jurnal Konstruksi Vol 23 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Konstruksi
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Garut

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33364/konstruksi/v.23-2.2549

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of asphalt heating duration and asphalt mixture aging simulation on the performance of stiffness, creep, and fatigue of road pavements. The research was conducted experimentally, with samples obtained from 30 asphalt core drillings in the field, each subjected to six treatments consisting of V1 (1 hour), V2 (2 hours), V3 (3 hours), V4 (6 hours), V5 (7 hours), and V6 (8 hours), all at a temperature of 155°C. Each variation consisted of five samples tested for asphalt properties, including penetration (SNI 2456:2011), ductility (SNI 2432:2011), viscosity (SNI 7729:2011), softening point (SNI 2434:2011), flash point (SNI 2433:2011), and fire point (SNI 2433:2011). The results showed that asphalt properties varied significantly with heating duration (V1–V6), indicating that longer heating had a clear impact on asphalt characteristics. The penetration values obtained for V1 to V6 were 67.17, 64.6, 62.4, 62.2, 58.75, and 49.5, respectively, while the viscosity values were 211 seconds, 206 seconds, 201 seconds, 198 seconds, 193 seconds, and 190 seconds. The softening points were 41.5°C, 43.5°C, 44.5°C, 45°C, 46°C, and 47°C, while the flash points were 318°C, 325°C, 329°C, 330°C, 332°C, and 335°C. The fire points were 330°C, 332°C, 335°C, 340°C, 345°C, and 350°C. The stability values of the mixture increased with heating duration, reaching 1883.5 kg, 2040.5 kg, 2130.2 kg, 2175.0 kg, 2197.4 kg, and 3254.4 kg. Conversely, the flow values decreased, becoming 3.81 mm, 3.05 mm, 2.79 mm, 2.29 mm, 2.16 mm, and 1.91 mm. The average Marshall quotient values for each heating variation were 494.36 kg/mm, 669.45 kg/mm, 762.41 kg/mm, 951.45 kg/mm, 1017.81 kg/mm, and 1235.91 kg/mm. This study can help optimize asphalt heating duration to improve pavement quality and durability. The findings also have the potential to serve as a basis for refining standards and policies in the design and maintenance of more resilient road infrastructure.
Analisis black site dan black spot serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kecelakaan lalu lintas di Kabupaten Klungkung, Provinsi Bali I Made Agus Ariawan; I Putu Chandra Wibawa; I Nyoman Arya Thanaya; Marshal Riando Samosir
PADURAKSA: Jurnal Teknik Sipil Universitas Warmadewa 97-110
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik dan Perencanaan, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/pd.14.1.11882.97-110

Abstract

The rapid population growth in Klungkung Regency, accompanied by an increase in motor vehicle ownership, has accelerated the development of transportation in the region. Although traffic density in Klungkung is lower than that in larger cities, traffic accidents continue to occur. Therefore, identifying accident-prone areas and the contributing factors is essential. This study aims to analyze black sites and black spots, as well as to identify the factors influencing traffic accidents in Klungkung Regency. The research utilizes secondary data obtained from the Klungkung Police Department. The analysis begins with problem identification, data collection, and the application of Z-Score and Accident Equivalent Number (AEK) methods to identify black sites. Black spots are identified using the Upper Control Limit (UCL) method, followed by an analysis of accident-contributing factors. The findings reveal that 79.3% of accidents involve motorcycles, with an estimated economic loss of IDR 646,725,000. The dominant type of accident (44.71%) is loss of vehicle control, while 23% of incidents occur on Sundays, and 32.23% of the offenders are between 16 and 25 years old. Four black sites were identified: Prof. Dr. Ida Bagus Mantra Road, Raya Sampalan Road, Ngurah Rai Road, and Raya Klumbu Tokah Pakeh Road. In addition, six black spots were found: STA 0+000–0+500, STA 2+000–2+500, STA 3+000–3+500, STA 4+000–4+500, STA 5+000–5+500, and STA 7+000–7+500. Contributing human factors include careless behavior, drowsiness, sudden braking, and mobile phone use while driving. Vehicle-related causes involve brake failure, faulty lights, worn tires, and missing mirrors. Accidents are more likely to occur under clear weather conditions due to a reduced perception of risk, which can lead drivers to lower their vigilance and violate traffic regulations. This study offers an integrated analytical approach to identifying black sites and black spots while examining key accident factors. The findings are expected to support targeted strategies and serve as a reference for policymakers and traffic safety authorities in developing more effective prevention measures.
THE INFLUENCE OF AGGREGATE GRADATION PROPERTIES ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF COLD MIX ASPHALT EMULSION Wibawa, I Putu Chandra; Thanaya, I Nyoman Arya; Ariawan, I Made Agus
Journal of Infrastructure Planning and Engineering 23-38
Publisher : Master Program of Infrastructure and Environmental Engineering, Postgraduate Program, Warmadewa University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jipe.4.1.2025.23-38

Abstract

Cold Mix Asphalt Emulsion (CMAE) has the potential to serve as an environmentally friendly, efficient, and accessible alternative for road construction, as it eliminates the need for heating during production and can be compacted at low temperatures. One of the key factors affecting CMAE performance is the aggregate gradation used in the mixture. This study aims to analyze the effects of aggregate gradation on the volumetric characteristics, mechanical properties, and durability of CMAE. Laboratory experiments were conducted using several aggregate gradation types. The results indicate that the middle-limit gradation (G. L2) produced the highest dry density, while the lowest air void content was found in gradation G. L1. The mechanical properties, including soaked stability and Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS), were positively correlated with dry density, as they are influenced by aggregate structure, the asphalt emulsion content, and its asphalt adhesion quality. CMAE durability measured through moisture susceptibility (TSR) and mass loss (Cantabro loss test) was affected by the gradation type, asphalt–aggregate bonding, and water content in the mixture. Overall, aggregate gradation plays a critical role in determining CMAE performance. Notably, optimal performance is achieved when the mixture has fully lost its moisture, allowing for maximum asphalt binding efficiency. These findings highlight the importance of selecting appropriate aggregate gradation in CMAE design to enhance performance outcomes.