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Analisis Keterkaitan Budi Daya Petani terhadap Penyakit Tular Tanah Lada di Bangka: Analysis of the Correlation between Farmers' Cultivation and Soil-borne Diseases of Pepper in Bangka Nurmansyah, Ali; Hartono, Arief; Widodo; Budi, Ferri Stya
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 20 No. 3 (2024): Mei 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.20.3.126-139

Penurunan luas areal tanam dan produksi lada (Piper nigrum) di Bangka dipengaruhi oleh penyakit tular tanah seperti penyakit kuning, busuk pangkal batang, dan jamur akar putih. Penyakit tular tanah berkaitan erat dengan faktor biotik dan abiotik yang memicu perkembangannya, termasuk teknik budi daya yang dilakukan oleh petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi sebaran dan faktor teknik budi daya yang memicu perkembangan penyakit tular tanah pada tanaman lada di Bangka. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Bangka Selatan, Bangka Tengah, Bangka, dan Bangka Barat, Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Pengumpulan data lapangan dilakukan melalui pengamatan insidensi penyakit dan wawancara terstruktur kepada petani. Hasil analisis disajikan dalam tabel tabulasi silang untuk masing-masing penyakit tular tanah yang dilengkapi dengan plot korespondensi untuk melihat sebaran kelompok faktor budi daya terhadap tingkat insidensi penyakit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyakit kuning ialah penyakit tular tanah dominan pada pertanaman lada di Pulau Bangka, diikuti oleh penyakit busuk pangkal batang dan jamur akar putih. Analisis korespondensi menggunakan uji chi-square pada α 0.05 menunjukkan faktor budi daya yang berkaitan erat dengan insidensi penyakit kuning adalah umur tanaman, populasi tanaman, asal bibit, pola tanam, bahan organik, dan kondisi naungan. Sedangkan faktor yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap penyakit busuk pangkal batang ialah asal bibit, kondisi naungan, dan sanitasi kebun. Pemangkasan sulur berkaitan erat dengan insidensi penyakit jamur akar putih. Teknik budi daya terbukti menjadi faktor penting dalam perkembangan penyakit tular tanah di Bangka. Penelitian lanjutan untuk mengidentifikasi keterkaitan antarfaktor tersebut diperlukan.

Suppression of the Cassava Mealybug Populations, Phenacoccus manihoti (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) By Natural Enemies Fanani, Muhammad Zainal; Rauf, Aunu; Maryana, Nina; Nurmansyah, Ali; Hindayana, Dadan; Rahayu, Arifah; Setyono, S.; Roestamy, Martin
ASEAN Journal of Science and Engineering Vol 4, No 2 (2024): AJSE: September 2024
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ajse.v4i2.72573

The most dominant mealybug species found on cassava is Phenacoccus manihoti. Parasitoid Anagyrus lopezi is a biological agent of P. manihoti in many countries. Monitoring the incidence and population of mealybug and the percentage of parasitization were done, as well as the population of ants and predator insects for 12 consecutive months. The highest incidence and attack rate of mealybugs were 26 and 64%, respectively, during the dry season. A. lopezi was able to suppress the population of P. manihoti between 2-17 individuals per plant with a parasitization rate varied from 12 to 46%. Our study showed that the parasitization rate of A. lopezi increased significantly with the increase in mealybug density. Predators P. ramburi and C. montrouzieri were found in low populations and have not had a significant impact on the mealybug population. Our study demonstrated the important role of natural enemies in suppressing the mealybug population on cassava

Interaksi tropik antara hama dan parasitoid pada pertanaman sayuran: faktor pembentuk dan implikasinya terhadap keefektifan parasitoid Nugraha, Muhamad Nurhuda; Buchori, Damayanti; Nurmansyah, Ali; Rizali, Akhmad
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 2 (2014): September
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.11.2.103

The condition of agroecosystem may affect the diversity and effectiveness of parasitoid communities as natural enemies of insect pests. Agricultural intensification such as monoculture cultivation as well as application of insecticide could also cause declining to parasitoid diversity and ineffective performance of parasitoids in agricultural field. The objective of this research was to study trophic interaction between pests and parasitoids in different field of vegetable crops and to investigate the factors that determining those interactions as well as its implication on parasitoid effectiveness. Vegetable crop fields were grouped into three different categories i.e. based on the pattern of cultivation, diversity of vegetable crops around the field and age of plant. On each crop field, insects were sampled using 50 m of transect by collecting eggs, larvae and pupae of pests. In total, 15 species of pests and 15 species of parasitoids were recorded from eight species of vegetable crops. Based on the analysis, trophic interaction between pests and parasitoids were affected by cultivation system, condition of crop field (species diversity of crops in its surrounding) and age of vegetable plants. Although it was not significance, the effectiveness of parasitoids according to their parasitism level, tend to higher in trophic interaction that determined from crop field with organic systems and with diverse of crop plants.

Ketahanan enam galur padi sawah (Oryza sativa L) terhadap wereng batang coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stí¥l) asal Patokbeusi, Subang : Resistance of six lowland rice lines (Oryza sativa, L .) to brown planthopper (Nilaparvata Lugens, Stí¥l.) from Patokbeusi, Subang Triwidodo, Hermanu; Nurmansyah, Ali; Sartiami, Dewi; Amanatillah, Niky Elfa; Meliyana; Lukvitasari, Luna
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 20 No 3 (2023): November
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.20.3.240

Release of new varieties requires qualitative as well as quantitative characters of the lines. For rice varieties, resistance to brown plant hopper (BPH) (Nilaparvata lugens, Stí¥l) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is an important character that should be tested. The purpose of this study was to determine the resistance of new rice lines of rice cultivar to BPH. In this study, the tests were carried out on 6 (six) lines of candidate varieties developed by IPB University, namely TCIPB202101, TCIPB202102, TCIPB202103, TCIPB202104, TCIPB202105, and TCIPB202106. Resistance to BPH assays was conducted by screening and population development tests. Inpari 30 and Ciherang varieties were used as controls. The results showed that the TCIPB202106 line is the most resistant to BPH attack, while the TCIPB202103 line is the most susceptible to BPH attack. The average number of nymphs in the TCIPB202106 line was three times lower than those in Inpari 30 and Ciherang. The results of the population growth test were in line with the results of the screening test which indicated that the TCIPB202106 line is classified as moderately resistant to BPH.

DINAMIKA POPULASI KUTU PUTIH Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink (HEMIPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) DAN MUSUH ALAMINYA PADA TANAMAN SINGKONG Fanani, Muhammad Zainal; Rauf, Aunu; Maryana, Nina; Nurmansyah, Ali; Hindayana, Dadan
JURNAL AGRONIDA Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Agronida
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30997/jag.v10i1.12629

Kutu putih Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) merupakan salah satu hama yang paling dominan pada tanaman singkong (Manihot esculenta). Hama ini pertama kali terdeteksi di Indonesia pada tahun 2008. Parasitoid Acerophagus papayae Noyes & Schauff (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) merupakan agens hayati eksotik yang potensial mengendalikan kutu putih di banyak negeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dinamika penekanan populasi P. marginatus oleh musuh alami di lapang. Monitoring dilakukan dengan cara mengamati 50 tanaman contoh setiap bulannya. Peubah yang diamati meliputi insidensi serangan dan populasi kutu putih, persentase parasitasi dan hiperparasitasi serta populasi predator pada tiga kebun singkong selama 12 bulan berturut-turut. Insidensi serangan dan tingkat serangan kutu putih tertinggi masing-masing sebesar 26% dan 64% terjadi pada musim kemarau. Parasitoid A. papayae mampu menekan populasi P. marginatus antara 1-15 ekor per tanaman dengan tingkat parasitisasi 9-16%. Dinamika parasitisasi parasitoid bergantung pada kelimpahan kutu putih di lapangan. Hiperparasitoid yang ditemukan menyerang parasitoid tersebut adalah Chartocerus sp. (Hymenoptera: Signiphoridae) dan Prochiloneurus sp. (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). Hiperparasitisasi Chartocerus sp. pada A. papayae berkisar 0.87-1.05%, sedangkan hiperparasitisasi Prochiloneurus sp. pada A. papayae berkisar 0.47-1.35% per tanaman. Predator Plesiochrysa ramburi dan Cryptolaemus montrouzieri sangat rendah populasinya di lapangan sehingga tidak memberikan dampak yang nyata terhadap fluktuasi populasi kutu putih.

Daily Captured Pattern of Rice Field Rat Using Trap Barrier System Application in Fallow Land Saputra, Bubun Afif Hidayat Aziz; Sartiami, Dewi; Wiyono, Suryo; Nurmansyah, Ali; Priyambodo, Swastiko
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 27, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.77117

Rice (Oryza sativa) is an important staple crop for more than half of the world's population to fulfill required nutrients. The most important pest in rice crops is the field rat (Rattus argentiventer), which causes damage and significant yield losses during almost every growing season. One method of rat control is the Trap Barrier System (TBS) which consists of fences, mass/multiple live traps, and trap crops and was able to continuously catch rats during the growing season. The objectives of this study were to count rat captured in TBS during one planting season in fallow lands, identify attack source, and calculate rat damage intensity. The study was conducted on one hectare of rice field and number of rat caught were observed daily. Results showed that 4,580 rats were caught, consisting of 57% males and 43% females, with 94% adults and 6% juveniles. Average rat damage intensity was 15% and the highest number of rats caught were in trap 8, 9, and 10 which were located on the north side and had many suitable shelters for rats.

Statistik demografi Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) pada Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae): Demographic statistic of Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Mayasari, Astrid; Winasa, I Wayan; Nurmansyah, Ali
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 21 No 3 (2024): November
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.21.3.213

Information on demographic statistics of Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius) on Aphis craccivora Koch is important for the development of more effective and environmentally friendly pest control strategies. The objective of this experiment was to determine the demographic statistics (survival, fecundity, growth rate, reproductive rate, length of life), biological and morphometric of M. sexmaculatus on A. craccivora prey. A total of 15 pairs of M. sexmaculatus adult obtained from broad bean fields in Situgede, Bogor were reared in cages containing 3 polybags of broad bean plants (infested with A. craccivora as food for adult). One hundred eggs (6 egg batches) were collected from the cages and reared in plastic containers (top diameter 6.7 cm, bottom diameter 4.9 cm, height 6.3 cm) per 1 egg batch. Larvae that emerge from the egg are separated individually into 1 container and reared until the adult produced eggs again and died. Mean values and standard deviations of 5 demographic statistical parameters were determined using the Jacknife method. Survival probability and paternity were presented as curves. M. sexmaculatus had a mean body size of 7.32 × 5.94 mm for males and 8.63 × 6.98 mm for females. M. sexmaculatus has potential as a control agent for the pest A. craccivora. This potential is supported by its high reproductive ability (R0 35.72 ± 1,10 individuals/female/generation and GRR 128.85 ± 3.02 individuals/generation), fast population growth rate (r 0.20 ± 0.002 individuals/female/day), T which is 18.16 ± 0.04 days.

QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF CUCUMBER FRUIT RESULTED FROM VARIOUS METHODS OF POLLINATION Irvan Zidni; Nadzirum Mubin; Ali Nurmansyah
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol 23 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : BPFP Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31186/jipi.23.2.78-83

[Kuantitas dan kualitas buah mentimun dari berbagai metode penyerbukan]. Metode penyerbukan mentimun yang berbeda dapat menyebabkan efektivitas yang berbeda dalam pembentukan buah dan, pada gilirannya, menentukan hasil akhir dan kualitas buah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pengaruh penyerbukan oleh lebah T. laeviceps dan serangga penyerbuk lainnya terhadap produksi tanaman mentimun. Perlakuan yang dilakukan yaitu penyerbukan terbuka dengan bantuan T. laeviceps dan serangga penyerbuk liar, penyerbukan dengan bantuan manusia, dan penyerbukan oleh angin. Indikator yang diamati meliputi kuantitas dan kualitas hasil panen termasuk umur simpan buah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyerbukan terbuka dapat meningkatkan persentase pembentukan buah, kenormalan, panjang, diameter, berat, dan jumlah biji. Namun, pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penyerbukan tidak mempengaruhi umur simpan buah mentimun.

Model produksi massal parasitoid Anagyrus lopezi (De Santis) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) menggunakan kutu putih Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero di laboratorium: Mass production model of the parasitoid Anagyrus lopezi (De Santis) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) using the mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero in the laboratory Wasik, Muhammad Alimun; Dewi Sartiami; Ali Nurmansyah
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 22 No 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.22.1.114

Anagyrus lopezi (De Santis) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is a specific parasitoid that plays an important role in the biological control of the cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Successful large-scale biological control requires the availability of this parasitoid in sufficient quantities through optimal and efficient mass production. This study aims to develop a mass production model for A. lopezi, taking into account mass rearing methods and the economic aspects of mass production. The experiment consisted of four treatments, namely 3, 6, 9, and 12 cassava cuttings of Manggu variety aged 2 weeks per cage measuring 75 cm × 50 cm × 50 cm. Each cutting was infested with 120 third-instar P. manihoti nymphs and four 2-day-old female A. lopezi obtained from laboratory rearing. Increasing the number of cuttings had a significant effect on the number of mummies produced, with the highest production achieved in the 9-cutting treatment (742.2 ± 12.21 mealybug mummies). The sex ratio of parasitoid progeny (1:2.21) was dominated by females, accounting for 68.91%. The production cost estimation included tools, materials, and labor wages. The total production cost per cage was IDR 48,425, with a cost per mummy of IDR 65. These findings provide technical and economic foundations for developing efficient and sustainable mass production systems of A. lopezi to support P. manihoti biological control programs in cassava plantations.

Interaksi tropik antara hama dan parasitoid pada pertanaman sayuran: faktor pembentuk dan implikasinya terhadap keefektifan parasitoid Nugraha, Muhamad Nurhuda; Buchori, Damayanti; Nurmansyah, Ali; Rizali, Akhmad
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 2 (2014): September
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

The condition of agroecosystem may affect the diversity and effectiveness of parasitoid communities as natural enemies of insect pests. Agricultural intensification such as monoculture cultivation as well as application of insecticide could also cause declining to parasitoid diversity and ineffective performance of parasitoids in agricultural field. The objective of this research was to study trophic interaction between pests and parasitoids in different field of vegetable crops and to investigate the factors that determining those interactions as well as its implication on parasitoid effectiveness. Vegetable crop fields were grouped into three different categories i.e. based on the pattern of cultivation, diversity of vegetable crops around the field and age of plant. On each crop field, insects were sampled using 50 m of transect by collecting eggs, larvae and pupae of pests. In total, 15 species of pests and 15 species of parasitoids were recorded from eight species of vegetable crops. Based on the analysis, trophic interaction between pests and parasitoids were affected by cultivation system, condition of crop field (species diversity of crops in its surrounding) and age of vegetable plants. Although it was not significance, the effectiveness of parasitoids according to their parasitism level, tend to higher in trophic interaction that determined from crop field with organic systems and with diverse of crop plants.

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