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All Journal Tengkawang : Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Community Development Journal: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Journal of Education Research Siwayang Journal: Publikasi Ilmiah Bidang Pariwisata, Kebudayaan, dan Antropologi Jurnal Sylva Lestari West Science Interdisciplinary Studies West Science Interdisciplinary Studies Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Jurnal Bersama Ilmu Ekonomi Indonesian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environmental Sciences
Riki Andika
Universitas Mulawarman
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Environmental Science Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Public Health Social Sciences

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The Potential of Forestry Sector Waste for Biochar Production: Characteristics and Production Challenges Simanullang, Sumiati; Andika, Riki; Adelka, Yunia Frida; Fadia, Saviska Luqyana; Ridho, Muhammad Rasyidur
West Science Interdisciplinary Studies Vol. 3 No. 12 (2025): West Science Interdisciplinary Studies
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wsis.v3i12.2477

Abstract

Timber harvesting has long been the primary focus of forest utilization as a major economic resource, yet more efficient strategies are needed to reduce excessive logging by implementing measured harvesting and maximizing the use of all wood components. Branches, logging residues, sawmill by-products, and discarded wooden furniture remain underutilized and are often treated as waste. These materials have high potential to be converted into value-added products such as biochar. Forestry waste is particularly suitable as a feedstock for biochar due to its lignocellulosic richness. Biochar is a carbon-rich material produced through pyrolysis. Biochar derived from forestry waste has significant potential to improve soil structure and water-holding capacity, while also contributing to long-term carbon storage and climate change mitigation. However, challenges remain, including variability in biochar quality, absence of global standards, high production costs, contaminant risks, and limited formal guidelines.
Wood Vinegar Applications: Quality, Efficacy, and Commercial Prospects for SMEs Andika, Riki; Didik Widiarta, I Putu Gede; Zalsabila, Ainun; Arinana, Arinana
West Science Interdisciplinary Studies Vol. 3 No. 11 (2025): West Science Interdisciplinary Studies
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wsis.v3i11.2357

Abstract

Wood vinegar, scientifically defined as the condensation product of thermal decomposition (pyrolysis) of biomass rich in cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, presents a critical strategic step in efficient biomass waste management in Indonesia. Raw materials like coconut shells and palm oil waste are abundant, making their market potential highly promising. However, Indonesian Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) predominantly produce Grade 3 wood vinegar, which contains high levels of carcinogenic tar, hindering access to premium food-grade and pharmaceutical markets. This review aims to present a comprehensive report on the scientific characteristics and quality classification of wood vinegar, specifically analyzing the mechanism of action, effectiveness, and potential use of Grade 3 as an anti-termite agent (termiticide) and wood preservative, alongside its other advanced applications, such as food preservation, agricultural biopesticide, and latex coagulant. The method employed is a literature review, synthesizing data on chemical composition, purification standards (SNI and BPOM), and experimental findings on its multi-functional properties. The main conclusion is that Grade 3 wood vinegar proves highly effective as a termiticide, providing total wood protection and offering a safe, sustainable alternative to chemical wood preservatives. For food applications, rigorous purification to Grade 1 is essential to replace harmful practices like using formalin or borax. The novelty of this study lies in its integrated analysis of the technical efficacy (Grade 3 in termiticide) and the regulatory/commercial trade-off with food safety requirements (Grade 1), culminating in strategic recommendations for developing downstream purification technology for Indonesian SMEs
Wood Vinegar Applications: Quality, Efficacy, and Commercial Prospects for SMEs Andika, Riki; Didik Widiarta, I Putu Gede; Zalsabila, Ainun; Arinana, Arinana
West Science Interdisciplinary Studies Vol. 3 No. 11 (2025): West Science Interdisciplinary Studies
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wsis.v3i11.2357

Abstract

Wood vinegar, scientifically defined as the condensation product of thermal decomposition (pyrolysis) of biomass rich in cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, presents a critical strategic step in efficient biomass waste management in Indonesia. Raw materials like coconut shells and palm oil waste are abundant, making their market potential highly promising. However, Indonesian Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) predominantly produce Grade 3 wood vinegar, which contains high levels of carcinogenic tar, hindering access to premium food-grade and pharmaceutical markets. This review aims to present a comprehensive report on the scientific characteristics and quality classification of wood vinegar, specifically analyzing the mechanism of action, effectiveness, and potential use of Grade 3 as an anti-termite agent (termiticide) and wood preservative, alongside its other advanced applications, such as food preservation, agricultural biopesticide, and latex coagulant. The method employed is a literature review, synthesizing data on chemical composition, purification standards (SNI and BPOM), and experimental findings on its multi-functional properties. The main conclusion is that Grade 3 wood vinegar proves highly effective as a termiticide, providing total wood protection and offering a safe, sustainable alternative to chemical wood preservatives. For food applications, rigorous purification to Grade 1 is essential to replace harmful practices like using formalin or borax. The novelty of this study lies in its integrated analysis of the technical efficacy (Grade 3 in termiticide) and the regulatory/commercial trade-off with food safety requirements (Grade 1), culminating in strategic recommendations for developing downstream purification technology for Indonesian SMEs
Co-Authors Ananda Putra Agung Anindyasari, Dinar Arinana Arinana Cori Qamara Denny, Shalehudin Denny Maruf Fadia, Saviska Luqyana Farah Diba Fitria Cita Dirna Hanifah, Nisrina Putri Himmi, Setiawan Khoirul I Putu Gede Didik Widiarta Kutana, Agung Nugrawan Lolyta Sisillia Mauly Purba, Mauly Nur'aini, Lestari Gita Qurratu Aini Rahmawati, Anindya Intan Retmadhona, Ichma Yeldha Rian Permana Ridho, Muhammad Rasyidur Rita Kartika Sari Simanullang, Sumiati Sudiarsana, I Kadek Wahyuningtyas, Irma Yunia Frida Adelka Yusuf, Andi Zalsabila, Ainun