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Pengaruh Bahan Perbanyakan Tanaman dan Jenis Pupuk Organik Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) Dan Baskoro; Bambang S. Purwoko
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2011): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

This research was aimed at studying the effect of plant propagation material and organic fertilizer on Anredera cordifolia [Ten.] Steenis growth. The experiment was conducted at the Sawah Baru Experimental Field, IPB from March to June 2010. This study was laid out in a factorial randomized block design consisting of two factors. The first factor was the plant material i.e. two types of planting materials, root rhizome and stem cuttings with leaves. The second factor was the type of organic fertilizer i.e. without fertilizer as the control, combination of soil and organic fertilizer 1:1 (v/v), i.e. compost, cow manure, and chicken manure. The result showed that stem cutting gave higher plant height, leaf number and width and number of branches. Treatment of planting medium significantly affected plant height, number and width of leaf, fresh and dry weight of roots, stems and total weight of fresh leaf. Cow manure gave the best effect. Interaction of plant propagation material and organic fertilizer only significantly affected plant height at 2 Week After Planting (WAP) and root dry weight. Stem cuttings is a better plant propagation material on all types of organic fertilizer than rhizome.Key words:organic fertilizer type, propagation materials, Anredera cordifolia

Perbandingan Pola Pita Isoenzim 15 Aksesi Pamelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.) Berbiji dan Tidak Berbiji dan Hubungan Kekerabatannya Arifah Rahayu; Slamet Susanto; Bambang S. Purwoko; Iswari S. Dewi
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2012): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

ABSTRACTThere are many pummelo accessions in Indonesia, some of them are seedless. The objective of this work was to compare isoenzyme banding patterns and to assess the genetic similarity of seeded and seedless pummelo accessions. Electrophoresis analysis of proteins extracted from leaf tissues was uti lized to detect polymorphisms i.e. five isoenzymes (esterase (EST), peroxidase (PER), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), acid phosphatase (ACP) and aspartate amino transferase (AAT). Based on principal component analysis, characters having the main role in classifying pummelo accessions were MDH (Rf 0.14 and Rf 0.27) and ACP (Rf 0.24 and Rf 0.33). The accessions showed high range genetic similarity (28.6-94.7%), and at similarity coefficient 0.53 they were classified into seeded and seedless groups. It was concluded that isoenzymes can be used as markers in differentiating seeded and seedless pummelo accessions.Key words: genetic similarity, electrophoresis, marker, principal component analysis, polymorphismABSTRAKIndonesia memiliki banyak aksesi pamelo, baik yang berbiji maupun tidak berbiji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pola pita isoenzim dan mengetahui keanekaragaman genetik antar aksesi pamelo berbiji dan tidak berbiji. Analisis isoenzim untuk mendeteksi polimorfisme dilakukan dengan cara elektroforesis menggunakan lima sistem enzim, yaitu esterase (EST), peroksidase (PER), malat dehidrogenase (MDH), asam fosfatase (ACP) dan aspartat amino transferase (AAT). Hasil analisis komponen utama menunjukkan bahwa karakter yang berperan penting dalam pengelompokan aksesi pamelo adalah MDH (Rf 0.14 dan Rf 0.27) dan ACP (Rf 0.24 dan Rf 0.33). Tingkat kesamaan genetik aksesi pamelo berkisar antara 28.6-94.7%, dan pada koefisien kemiripan 0.53 aksesi pamelo dibedakan atas kelompok berbiji dan tidak berbiji. Dengan demikian isoenzim dapat digunakan sebagai penanda dalam membedakan aksesi pamelo berbiji dan tidak berbiji.Kata kunci: kemiripan genetik, elektroforesis, penanda, analisis komponen utama, polimorfisme

Respon Pertumbuhan Kultur In Vitro Jeruk Besar (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.) cv. Nambangan terhadap Osmotikum dan Retardan Iswari S. Dewi; Gani S. Jawak; Bambang S. Purwoko; M. Sabda
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 1 (2014): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

ABSTRACTIn vitro conservation has been applied to many species. However, the suppression of explant growth is essential for extending the duration of conservation. The objective of the research was to study in vitro growth response of pummelo cv. Nambangan to conservation medium containing osmotically active compound (osmoticum) or growth suppressant (retardant). Two sets of experiments were conducted using randomized complete design and replicated three times. In vitro shoot with four leaves from pummelo, namely cultivar Nambangan, were used as the plant materials. The treatment in the first experiment was MS + osmoticum (mannitol 0, 20, 40, and 60 g L-1) and in the second experiment was MS + retardant (paclobutrazol 0, 1, 3 and 5 mg L-1). The resultsindicated that senescence of the leaf was induced by 20, 40, and 60 g L-1of mannitol. The best media in inhibition of growth for pummelo cv. Nambangan was MS + paclobutrazol 1 mg L-1. With this media, plant was inhibited but grew normally with green leaf and root.Keywords: mannitol, minimal growth, paclobutrazol, pummelo ABSTRAKKonservasi in vitro sudah banyak dilakukan pada berbagai spesies. Penghambatan pertumbuhansangat penting bagi lamanya tanaman dapat disimpan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari respon pertumbuhan in vitro pamelo cv. Nambangan terhadap media konservasi mengandung osmotikum atau penghambat pertumbuhan (retardan). Dua percobaan dilakukan terpisah menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dan diulang 3 kali. Tunas hasil perbanyakan in vitro dengan 4 daun, digunakan sebagai eksplan. Perlakuan pada percobaan pertama adalah MS + osmotikum (mannitol 0, 20, 40, 60 g L-1) dan pada percobaan kedua adalah MS + retardan (paclobutrazol 0, 1, 3,5 mg L-1). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa daun mengalami senesen oleh perlakuan mannitol. Media yang direkomendasikan untuk konservasi pamelo cv. Nambangan adalah MS + paclobutrazol 1 mg L-1. Dengan media tersebut pertumbuhan dihambat, tetapi tetap normal, berakar dengan daun tetap hijau.Kata kunci: mannitol, pertumbuhan minimal, paclobutrazol, pamelo

Induksi Kalus dan Regenerasi Tiga Genotipe Tomat (Solanum lycopersicon L.) melalui Kultur Antera Ratna Ningsih; Bambang S. Purwoko; Muhamad Syukur; Iswari S. Dewi
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 2 (2016): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

ABSTRACTThe aims of this research were to evaluate culture ability of 3 tomato genotypes through their androgenic response in callus induction and regeneration media. Completely randomized design with factorial arrangement and 5 replications were used. Treatments consisted of three genotypes (Tora, Ratna and hybrid variety Permata), six callus induction media in the first phase and three genotypes and two regeneration media. The result showed that hybrid variety Permata had the highest anther culture ability then others genotypes. Permata had the highest percentage of callus induction (27%) followed by Tora (14%) and Ratna (12%). The highest percentage of callus induction was shown in DBMI + 5 mg L-1 Kinetin + 2 mg L-1 NAA media (39.7%) followed by DBMII + 1 mg L-1 Kinetin + 2 mg L-1 NAA media (33.0%). Both genotypes and media gave low percentage of shoot induction. The percentage of shoot induction in hybrid variety Permata was 4.2% while in Tora was 2.1% and Ratna was 0%. The percentage of shoot induction in MS + 25 mg L-1 Zeatin was 2.8% while in MS + 1 mg L-1 Zeatin + 0.125 mg L-1 IAA was 1.4%.Keywords: androgenesis, auxin, cytokinine, in vitro, medium, tomato ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya kultur antera tiga genotipe tomat melalui percobaan induksi pembentukan kalus dan regenerasi tunas. Percobaan dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap faktorial dengan lima ulangan. Bahan tanam yang digunakan ialah tomat varietas Tora, Ratna dan varietas hibrida Permata. Media yang digunakan adalah 6 media induksi kalus dan 2 media regenerasi tunas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tomat varietas hibrida Permata memiliki daya kultur antera yang lebih baik dibandingkan genotipe lainnya. Permata memiliki persentase jumlah kalus 27% lebih tinggi dibandingkan Tora (14%) dan Ratna (12%). Media yang paling baik menginduksi kalus adalah media DBMI + 5 mg L-1 Kinetin + 2 mg L-1 NAA (39%) dan DBMII + 1 mg L-1 Kinetin + 2 mg L-1 NAA (33%). Baik genotipe maupun media yang digunakan menghasilkan jumlah tunas yang rendah. Persentase induksi tunas varietas hibrida Permata 4.2% lebih tinggi dibandingkan Tora (2.1%) dan Ratna (0%). Persentase induksi tunas media MS + 0.25 mg L-1 Zeatin (2.8%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan media MS + 1 mg L-1 Zeatin + 0.125 mg L-1 IAA (1.4%).Kata kunci: androgenesis, auksin, in vitro, media, sitokinin, tomat

Eliminasi Onion yellow dwarf virus melalui Kultur Meristem Tip pada Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Aqlima ,; Bambang S. Purwoko; Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat; Diny Dinarti
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

ABSTRACTMeristem tip culture is culture of isolated meristem with 1-2 leaf primordia on suitable medium. This method is generally used to obtain free virus plant. Optimation of plant growth regulators (PGRs) was done to accelerate explant growth without callus formation and to avoid somaclonal variation in meristem tip culture. The aims of this study were to achieve the best combination of PGR for meristem tip growth and to evaluate meristem tip culture potential for Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) elimination in shallot. This study used combination of PGRs 0.25 mg L-1 (2-ip, BAP, GA3, kinetin) with or without 0.1 mg L-1 IAA and medium without PGR. This research consisted of two experiments conducted separately. In experiment I, cv. Bima Brebes was used and experiment II cv. Tiron was used. Each experiment was arranged in completely randomized block design with single factor (PGR combination) that has 8 combination levels and 3 replications. The result showed that medium without PGR was the most efficient for meristem tip growth. Primary shoot was growing without callus formation. RT-PCR analysis showed that all of the tested samples were still infected by OYDV. Meristem tip culture method did not eliminate OYDV in both cultivars.Keywords: Auxin, cytokinin, GA3, OYDV, RT-PCRABSTRAKKultur meristem tip merupakan kultur meristem yang diisolasi 1-2 primordia daun dan pada media yang sesuai. Metode ini umum digunakan untuk mendapatkan tanaman bebas virus. Optimasi terhadap zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) dilakukan untuk mempercepat pertumbuhan eksplan tanpa disertai pembentukan kalus untuk menghindari terjadinya variasi somaklonal pada kultur meristem tip. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kombinasi ZPT terbaik bagi pertumbuhan meristem tip dan untuk mengevaluasi potensi kultur meristem tip dalam mengeliminasi virus Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) pada tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian ini menggunakan 0.25 mg L-1 (2-ip, BAP, GA3, kinetin) dengan penambahan atau tanpa 0.1 mg L-1 IAA serta media tanpa ZPT. Penelitian ini terdiri atas 2 percobaan terpisah. Percobaan 1 menggunakan cv. Bima Brebes dan Percobaan 2 menggunakan cv. Tiron. Masing-masing percobaan disusun berdasarkan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) dengan 1 faktor, yaitu kombinasi ZPT yang terdiri atas 8 taraf kombinasi dan 3 ulangan. Hasil yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa media tanpa penambahan ZPTmerupakan media yang paling efisien untuk pertumbuhan tunas meristem tip. Tunas utama tumbuh tanpa disertai pembentukan kalus. Hasil analisis RT-PCR menunjukkan bahwa seluruh sampel yang dideteksi masih terinfeksi OYDV. Metode kultur meristem tip belum dapat mengeliminasi virus OYDV pada kedua kultivar bawang merah.Kata kunci: Auksin, GA3, OYDV, RT-PCR, sitokinin

PENANGANAN PASCAPANEN JERUK SIAM (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa) TUJUAN PASAR SWALAYAN Endang Christine Purba; Bambang S. Purwoko
Jurnal Pro-Life Vol. 6 No. 3 (2019): November
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33541/jpvol6Iss2pp102

Citrus Siam (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa) is a horticultural commodity that is widely consumed by Indonesian people. In addition to practically obtained, siam citrus also have a good nutritional content for human diet. This causes Indonesian markets always strives to meet the needs of consumers obtained from the producers of the citrus. However, in its distribution, the citrus siam experiences post-harvest handling which results in post-harvest losses. To find out the marketing chain of siam distribution and the loss of its crops, a research was conducted to investigate the situation in North Sumatra. A total of 37 citrus farmers in Simpang Empat and Payung Sub-districts were interviewed for data collection. In addition, gatherers,marketsuppliers and supermarkets are also interviewed as informants in this study. This research used direct interview method to respondents and direct observation at activity location of informants.The data analysis used descriptive analysis. Stages of post-harvest handling of citrus siam vary by point of marketing. The process of post-harvest handling of citrus siam is cleaning, sorting, grading, packaging, storage and transportation. The process of post harvest handling is done at the level of farmers, market suppliers and supermarkets. Total losses of the largest was at the farmer level of 5.6% while the smallest yield loss was at the supermarket level of 0.5%. This is due to the preparation of small citrus siam at the very bottom of the bamboo packaging and large fruit packing at the top. Keywords: citrus, farmers, loss of crops, post-harvest handling

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