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Journal : Jurnal Florea

Enhancing Students’ Problem-Solving Skills on Environmental Change through Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) Assisted by Mind Mapping Rifaatul Muthmainnah; Asep Rohayat; Alex Hidayat
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i1.24364

Abstract

This study examined the effect of Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) assisted by mind mapping on students’ problem-solving skills in the context of environmental change. A quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group design was conducted with 74 tenth-grade students at a senior high school in Garut, Indonesia. The experimental group received CIRC combined with mind mapping, while the control group experienced teacher-centered instruction. The results showed no significant difference at the pre-test stage, indicating comparable initial abilities. However, the experimental group demonstrated significantly higher post-test scores, with a very large effect size (Cohen’s d = 1.31). A dimensional analysis revealed that the intervention enhanced students’ ability to clearly identify environmental problems, explain cause and effect relationships, and predict ecological consequences. The most substantial improvement was observed in generating and justifying solutions, where students produced more feasible, creative, and scientifically grounded responses. These findings suggest that integrating CIRC with mind mapping effectively supports the development of higher-order problem-solving skills. This approach promotes deeper analytical thinking and equips students to address complex socioscientific issues, highlighting its value as an innovative strategy in biology education
Growth Inhibition and Proline Accumulation in Canavalia ensiformis under Salinity Stress Sri Mulyaningsih; Sifa Arofah; Rifaatul Muthmainnah
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i1.24384

Abstract

Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis L.) is a legume with considerable potential as an alternative food source due to its high protein and carbohydrate content and its ability to improve soil fertility. However, its cultivation remains limited, particularly on marginal lands such as saline soils that are increasingly expanding due to seawater intrusion and improper irrigation. Soil salinity inhibits plant growth by causing osmotic and ionic stress while triggering proline accumulation as a physiological adaptation. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of salinity stress (NaCl) on the morphological growth and proline content of jack bean plants. The experiment was conducted in Singkup Village, Pasirwangi District, Garut, from April 26 to June 10, 2025, using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five NaCl concentrations (0, 1500, 2500, 3500, and 5000 ppm) and five replications. Observed parameters included plant height, leaf number, root length, fresh weight, and proline content. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that NaCl significantly affected all growth parameters. Growth inhibition was most pronounced at 5000 ppm, whereas optimal growth occurred at 0 ppm. Conversely, proline content increased with higher NaCl concentrations, indicating the plant’s adaptive response to salinity stress. Overall, jack bean growth declined significantly at NaCl levels above 2500 ppm, accompanied by increased proline accumulation. These findings provide insights for developing legume cultivation strategies on saline soils