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Journal : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Komputer dan Informatika (JITEKI)

Gender Classification Based on Electrocardiogram Signals Using Long Short Term Memory and Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory Halim, Kevin Yudhaprawira; Nugrahadi, Dodon Turianto; Faisal, Mohammad Reza; Herteno, Rudy; Budiman, Irwan
Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Komputer dan Informatika Vol. 9 No. 3 (2023): September
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/jiteki.v9i3.26354

Abstract

Gender classification by computer is essential for applications in many domains, such as human-computer interaction or biometric system applications. Generally, gender classification by computer can be done by using a face photo, fingerprint, or voice. However, researchers have demonstrated the potential of the electrocardiogram (ECG) as a biometric recognition and gender classification. In facilitating the process of gender classification based on ECG signals, a method is needed, namely Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM). Researchers use these two methods because of the ability of these two methods to deal with sequential problems such as ECG signals. The inputs used in both methods generally use one-dimensional data with a generally large number of signal features. The dataset used in this study has a total of 10,000 features. This research was conducted on changing the input shape to determine its effect on classification performance in the LSTM and Bi-LSTM methods. Each method will be tested with input with 11 different shapes. The best accuracy results obtained are 79.03% with an input shape size of 100×100 in the LSTM method. Moreover, the best accuracy in the Bi-LSTM method with input shapes of 250×40 is 74.19%. The main contribution of this study is to share the impact of various input shape sizes to enhance the performance of gender classification based on ECG signals using LSTM and Bi-LSTM methods. Additionally, this study contributes for selecting an appropriate method between LSTM and Bi-LSTM on ECG signals for gender classification. 
The Effectiveness of Data Imputations on Myocardial Infarction Complication Classification Using Machine Learning Approach with Hyperparameter Tuning Mazdadi, Muhammad Itqan; Saragih, Triando Hamonangan; Budiman, Irwan; Farmadi, Andi; Tajali, Ahmad
Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Komputer dan Informatika Vol. 10 No. 3 (2024): September
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/jiteki.v10i3.29479

Abstract

Complications from Myocardial Infarction (MI) represent a critical medical emergency caused by the blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle, primarily due to a blood clot in a coronary artery narrowed by atherosclerotic plaque. Diagnosing MI involves physical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG) evaluation, blood sample analysis for specific heart enzyme levels, and imaging techniques such as coronary angiography. Proactively predicting acute myocardial complications can mitigate adverse outcomes, and this study focuses on early prediction using classification methods. Machine learning algorithms such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, and XGBoost were employed to classify patient medical records accurately. Techniques like K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) imputation, Iterative imputation, and Miss Forest were used to handle incomplete datasets, preserving vital information. Hyperparameter optimization, crucial for model performance, was performed using Bayesian Optimization, which minimizes the objective function by modeling past evaluations. The contribution to this study is to see how much influence data imputation has on classification using machine learning methods on missing data and to see how much influence the optimization method has when performing hyperparameter tuning. Results demonstrated that the Iterative Imputation method yielded excellent performance with SVM and XGBoost algorithms. SVM achieved 100% accuracy, precision, sensitivity, F1 score, and AUC. XGBoost reached 99.4% accuracy, 100% precision, 79.6% sensitivity, an F1 score of 88.7%, and an AUC of 0.898. KNN Imputation with SVM showed results similar to Iterative Imputation with SVM, while Random Forest exhibited poor classification outcomes due to data imbalance, causing overfitting.