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Analisis Kolaborasi Apoteker dan Dokter di Puskesmas Surabaya dari Pespektif Dokter Fransisca Gloria; Liza Pristianty; Abdul Rahem
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 8 No. 2 (2021): JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v8i22021.132-138

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Diabetes melitus adalah penyakit yang kompleks, suatu penyakit kronis yang membutuhkan perawatan medis terus menerus (kontinyu). Untuk meningkatkan hasil klinis pasien dan keberhasilan dalam terapi diperlukan suatu kolaborasi interprofesi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini menganalisis kolaborasi dokter dan apoteker di Puskesmas se-kota Surabaya khususnya dalam menangani terapi pasien  diabetes melitus dari perspektif dokter. Metode: Desain penelitian cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan dalam waktu 3 bulan di 63 Puskesmas kota Surabaya dengan responden 63 dokter. Instrumen yang digunakan "Kuesioner Kolaborasi Dokter” yang meliputi variabel bebas (karakteristik pertukaran dengan domain kepercayaan, hubungan inisiasi dan peran spesifikasi) dan variabel terikat (praktik kolaborasi). Analisis data menggunakan analisis nonparametric dengan korelasi Rank Spearman Test untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variabel karakteristik pertukaran. Hasil: Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan (p = 0,000) antara masing-masing dari ketiga domain dengan praktik kolaborasi (collaborative practice) dokter dan apoteker. Hubungan inisiasi dokter merupakan domain yang memiliki pengaruh yang paling kuat terhadap praktik kolaborasi, diikuti domain peran spesifikasi dan kepercayaan. Kesimpulan: Ketiga domain dalam CWR memengaruhi praktik kolaborasi, namun dibutuhkan informasi lebih lanjut mengenai implementasi kolaborasi antara dokter dan apoteker di Puskesmas dalam penanganan pasien diabetes melitus serta perspektif apoteker mengenai praktik kolaborasi dengan dokter.
Identifikasi Pengetahuan, Sikap, Tindakan Masyarakat dalam Memusnahkan Obat Kedaluwarsa dan Tidak Terpakai Di Rumah Tangga Santi Prasmawari; Andi Hermansyah; Abdul Rahem
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 7 No. 1SI (2020): Special Issue: Seminar Inovasi Teknologi dan Digitalisasi pada Pelayanan Kefa
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v7i1SI2020.31-38

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Pada umumnya rumah tangga menyimpan obat-obatan di rumah. Namun, sejumlah besar obat-obatan tersebut akhirnya menjadi tidak terpakai dan kedaluwarsa. Oleh karena itu, pembuangan obat-obatan yang sudah kedaluwarsa, tidak diinginkan atau tidak terpakai di keluarga menjadi permasalahan besar. Tujuan: Untuk mengidentifikasi pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan masyarakat terhadap pembuangan obat kedaluwarsa dan tidak terpakai di rumah tangga. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif cross-sectional dilakukan dengan melibatkan 45 rumah tangga di Suko Sidoarjo dari bulan Juli sampai Agustus 2020. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode convenience sampling, untuk merekrut partisipan bekerjasama dengan tiga apotek setempat di wilayah penelitian. Kuesioner yang terdiri dari 30 item pertanyaan digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan. Data dianalisis dan disajikan secara deskriptif. Hasil: Mayoritas (91%) responden berpendapat bahwa membuang obat secara sembarangan tidak tepat dan berbahaya bagi lingkungan. Sebagian dari mereka membenarkan bahwa beberapa obat dapat langsung dibuang ke toilet (28,9%), tempat sampah (33,3%), dan saluran pembuangan air (71%). Responden membuang obat pada saat kedaluwarsa (68,9%), ketika tampilan obat berubah sehingga menimbulkan rasa atau bau tidak enak (48,9%), dan saat penyimpanan obat mengalami kerusakan (73,3%). Mayoritas responden (71,1%) menyatakan bahwa membuang obat yang tidak terpakai dalam kondisi baik adalah pemborosan. Kesimpulan: Responden memiliki pengetahuan yang rendah terhadap pembuangan obat yang aman meskipun mereka menganggap bahwa pembuangan obat-obatan yang aman sangat diperlukan. Hal ini memberi peluang bagi apoteker di sekitar untuk berinisiatif memberikan edukasi dan mengumpulkan obat-obatan yang tidak digunakan, kedaluwarsa atau tidak diinginkan dari masyarakat.
PENGARUH BRIEF COUNSELING TERHADAP KADAR GULA DARAH PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI RSUD DR. H. MOCH. ANSARI SALEH BANJARMASIN Muhammad Reza Pahlevi; Abdul Rahem; Valentina Metasartika; Riza Alfian
Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 3 No 2 (2018): JIIS
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan ISFI Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (147.182 KB) | DOI: 10.36387/jiis.v3i2.172

Abstract

Diabetes melitus adalah salah satu penyakit kronis yang ditandai dengan kadar gula darah di atas nilai normal. Kadar gula darah yang tidak terkontrol dapat berkembang menjadi penyakit seperti penyakit jantung, gagal ginjal, dan stroke. Pasien diabetes melitus memerlukan intervensi dari farmasis untuk dapat mencapai luaran terapi berupa pengontrolan kadar gula darah dalam batas normal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian brief counseling terhadap kadar gula darah pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di RSUD Dr. H. Moch. Ansari saleh banjarmasin.Penelitian ini menggunakan desain randomised controlled trial. Sejumlah 156 sampel dibagi menjadi dua kelompok acak yaitu 78 pasien yang mendapatkan intervensi (kelompok perlakuan) dan 78 pasien tidak mendapatkan intervensi (kelompok kontrol). Metode intervensi yang digunakan adalah brief counseling. Kriteria eksklusi pada penelitian ini adalah pasien dengan kondisi tuli, buta huruf dan tidak kooperatif. Data kadar gula darah yang dikumpulkan adalah kadar gula darah puasa yang diambil dari rekam medis pasien. Data kadar gula darah dianalisis dengan uji wilcoxon dan mann whitney.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi penurunan kadar gula darah puasa yang signifikan pada post study kedua kelompok (p <0,05). Selisih penurunan kadar gula darah puasa antara kedua kelompok tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan (p=0,16). Nilai penurunan kadar gula darah puasa kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan berturut-turut adalah 16,32 ± 11,56 mg/dL dan 16,87 ± 27,88 mg/dL. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah penurunan kadar gula darah puasa pasien diabetes melitus baik yang diberi intervensi brief counseling maupun yang tidak diberi intervensi tidak memiliki perbedaan.
PROFIL RENCANA KEBUTUHAN OBAT DI DINAS KESEHATAN PADA DAERAH TERTINGGAL, PERBATASAN DAN KEPULAUAN (STUDI DI KABUPATEN BELU NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR) Eva Taulabi; Wahyu Utami; Abdul Rahem
Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 4 No 2 (2019): JIIS
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan ISFI Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (386.62 KB) | DOI: 10.36387/jiis.v4i2.361

Abstract

Drug Requirement Plan (DRP) is the basic consideration of providing drug availability in a remote area. Both types and the amount of drugs must be considered along with the drugs availability because the drugs presence is irreplaceable in health service. Therefore, drug management must be effective, efficient and in line with the needs of health services. The aim of this research is to know the profile of DRP and drug availability in remote areas. This research was conducted as descriptive research. Primary data were obtained through direct observation and conducting interview, secondary data from reviewing documents in the previous years, such as drug mutation report in IFK Belu, drug acceptance sheets as well as damaged and expired drug elimination report from 2015 until 2017. So far, DRP conducted in Belu District has been ineffective and inefficient, as observed from its drug availability which is at the very low level of “secure” category. This is due to the method used in drug requirement quantification, which has not been in accordance with the standard guidelines of DRP guidelines. One of factors affecting drug availability is the amount of drug accepted as the result of the procurement, which is not in accordance with the number discrepancy of demand and drug acceptance. There were even drugs that were not delivered at all. However, the fulfillment of DRP in accordance with the National Formulary has improved in 2015 (75,6%), in 2016 (90,7%), and in 2017 (90%). Method used in counting DRP has been ineffective and inefficient, due to nonconsistent and non-thorough implementation of the plan. One of factors causing the DRP ineffectivity is insufficient drug delivery which has not reached 100% of the amount written in the procurement. However, there is annual improvement in the implementation of National Formulary as the basic of drug selection.
EVALUASI YIELD PRODUK TERHADAP FIX COST DAN VARIABLE COST PADA CAIRAN INFUS RINGER LACTATE Adi Suroso; Amelia Lorensia; Abdul Rahem
Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 4 No 2 (2019): JIIS
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan ISFI Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (234.607 KB) | DOI: 10.36387/jiis.v4i2.369

Abstract

The need for quality drugs can affect the price of drugs, because there were many requirement in the manufacturing process as stated in the GMP standard. On the other hand, the price of the COGS (before production) standard and COGS varian (after production) can be different due to changes in the values of factory over head (fixed cost and variable cost). So that it requires an analysis of COGS standard and variant. This study aims to analyze the differences in the COGS variant of Ringer Lactate infusion products to COGS standard. COGS variant value was calculated based on the yield of 30 batches. Descriptive analysis was performed for (1) Value (%) of COGS standard (2) Differences in value of variable cost and fixed cost of COGS variant to COGS standard, (3) COGS standard and variant. The results showed (1) COGS standard consist of raw materials (6.70%), packaging materials (49.58%), factory over head with variable costs (25.80%) and Fixed costs (18.00%); (2) The average yield of 30 batches was 94.947% and this causes in differences in variable cost of COGS variant - standard 4.422% and the differences in fixed cost of COGS variant – COGS standard 3,958% (3) There was 4,201 % differences in COGS variant to standard. Product yield influences the value of variable cost and fixed cost of COGS variants, causing a gap to the COGS standard. So that this gap should considered in setting the COGS standard.
EFEKTIVITAS PERENCANAAN KEBUTUHAN OBAT DENGAN METODE MORBIDITAS TERHADAP KETERSEDIAAN OBAT KEMOTERAPI Nina Puspitawati; Liza Pristianty; Abdul Rahem; Widawaty Hartono
Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 6 No 1 (2021): JIIS
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan ISFI Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (170.562 KB) | DOI: 10.36387/jiis.v6i1.650

Abstract

One cycle of chemotherapy does not eliminate all cancer cells, therefore it takes a repeated cycle (Williams, et al, 2016), so the guarantee the availability of chemotherapy drugs is needed. An effective drug requirement planning is required to ensure the availability of chemotherapy drug. This study was intended to determine the effectiveness of planning the need for chemotherapy drugs using the morbidity method on the availability of chemotherapy drugs in Dr. Ramelan Navy Hospital. This study was an observational study with a cross sectional study design. The instrument used in this study was the data collection sheet with data sources prescription sheets and sheets of chemotherapy drug reconstitution during 2015-2017. Descriptive data analysis and to determine effective planning methods using indicators of drug availability. The results showed that the planning of drug needs with the morbidity method can better guarantee the availability of chemotherapy drugs and can minimize drug shortages compared to the consumption method that has been done so far in Dr. Ramelan Navy Hosptal. So it can be concluded that in this study, the morbidity method is effective in meeting the needs of chemotherapy drugs.
Diare Akibat Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Anak: Apa Saran yang Diberikan oleh Apoteker Komunitas? Virginia Johanes Putri; Adji Prayitno Setiadi; Abdul Rahem; Cecilia Brata; Yosi Irawati Wibowo; Eko Setiawan; Steven Victoria Halim
Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis Vol 7, No 3 (2020): J Sains Farm Klin 7(3), Desember 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (717.507 KB) | DOI: 10.25077/jsfk.7.3.218-228.2020

Abstract

Diare akibat penggunaan antibiotik (antibiotic-associated diarrhea; AAD) merupakan salah satu gangguan klinis yang seringkali terjadi pada anak dan perlu mendapat intervensi dari dokter untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Dengan mempertimbangkan bahwa swamedikasi seringkali menjadi pilihan masyarakat ketika menghadapi kasus diare, apoteker di komunitas memiliki peran penting dalam mengarahkan masyarakat ke dokter untuk mengatasi masalah terkait AAD. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis dan ketepatan rekomendasi apoteker dalam menanggapi permintaan swamedikasi terkait kasus AAD pada anak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang yang dilakukan di wilayah Timur kota Surabaya. Sebuah kuesioner yang berisi pertanyaan terkait karakteristik peserta dan sebuah kasus digunakan pada proses pengambilan data. Validasi isi dari kasus serta penentuan kunci jawaban dilakukan melalui diskusi yang melibatkan pakar farmasi klinis, farmasi praktis, dan kesehatan masyarakat. Total terdapat 84 apoteker terlibat dalam penelitian ini; response rate 38,71%. Pemberian rekomendasi produk obat baik dengan maupun tanpa rujukan ke dokter atau saran non-farmakologi diberikan oleh 75 (89,29%) partisipan dan jenis obat yang paling sering direkomendasikan adalah probiotik, kaolin-pektin, domperidon, attapulgit. Sebanyak 26 apoteker (30,95%) memberikan rekomendasi yang tepat, yaitu: rujuk dokter segera dengan atau tanpa disertai rekomendasi lain. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan perlunya intervensi untuk mengoptimalkan pemberian rekomendasi apoteker komunitas pada kasus AAD anak.
Analysis of Drug Management Influence with the Success of Theraphy on Members of Pandangdia Community Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Umi Athiyah; Abdul Rahem
JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice) Vol 7, No 4
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmpf.33345

Abstract

Drug management is essential in quality and efficacy assurance, especially to achieve therapeutic outcome of chronic diseases; such as Diabetes mellitus. This study was observational and cross-sectional. The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of drug management towards achievement of therapeutic outcome amongs patients with diabetes mellitus. Thirty-five patients (members of a community of diabetic patients in Bangkalan) were voluntarily involved in this study as respondents. A validated and reliable questionnaire was used to collect the data. The result showed that appropriate drug use and proper drug storage influenced achievement of therapeutic outcome. While, place to get medicines and infomation resource had no correlation with achievement of therapeutic outcome.
Direct Medical Cost Analysis Among Coronary Heart Disease and Heart Failure Outpatients at One Hospital Nunik Dewi Kumalasari; Abdul Rahem; Bobby Presley; Eko Setiawan
JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice) Vol 9, No 2
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (623.317 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jmpf.38170

Abstract

Long-term treatment of cardiovascular disease may give impact in a high burden of medical cost for the patient. A concern arises whether the health budget allocation prepared by the Indonesian Government through "Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional" program is enough to cover medical cost for the outpatient treatment. This study aims to calculate the direct medical cost of patients with coronary heart disease and heart failure and compare it with the Indonesian Case Base Groups (INA-CBGs) tariff. This is a prospective and observational study carried out in one of the public hospitals in East Java between February and April 2015. All data related to outpatients with coronary heart disease and heart failure were analysed. Direct medical cost analysis in this study calculated from a combination of cost of medication, health professional services, electrocardiography, emergency care services, and laboratory test component, then it was compared with INA-CBGs tariff from ICD 10. Total of 390 patients included were 387 patients with coronary heart disease (99.23%) and three (3) patients with heart failure (0.77%). Average direct medical cost for patients with coronary heart disease and heart failure were IDR 130.593,6 (range IDR 50.282 – IDR 385.911) and IDR 128.587 (range IDR 112.832 – IDR 140.103), respectively. Even though this study showed that budget allocation of INA-CBGs could cover the average direct medical cost of patients with both of diseases, some patients had a direct medical cost higher than the limit of INA-CBGs allocation. Therefore, an optimal interprofessional collaboration between physician and pharmacist needed to provide medical treatment based on patient needs and keep it within budget allocation range.
Apa yang direkomendasikan apoteker untuk tatalaksana diare akut pada anak? Sebuah survei di wilayah timur Kota Surabaya Linda Fidya Ningsih; Adji Prayitno Setiadi; Abdul Rahem; Cecilia Brata; Yosi Irawati Wibowo; Eko Setiawan; Steven Victoria Halim
JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice) Vol 11, No 1
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmpf.59719

Abstract

Appropiate recommendation provided by pharmacists is considered as a crucial factors to prevent morbidity and mortality among children with acute diarrhea in the community. This study aimed to determine the type and the appropriateness of recommendations provided by the community pharmacists in the eastern part of Surabaya to children presenting with acute diarrhea. This was cross-sectional study conducted by using a questionnaire consisting of questions about participants’ characteristics and a case of acute diarrhea in children without complications and other “alarm symptoms” requiring medical referral. The appropriate recommendation for the case was to give a combination of oral rehydration solution (ORS) and zinc with or without other recommendations. Data were analyzed descriptively using SPSS version 22. A total of 84 pharmacists provided consent to be participants in this study. The majority of participants (73,81%) were pharmacists manager and more than 50% of them completed pharmacist professional degree between 2010 and 2019. Type of pharmacists’ recommendations were further classified as: medical referral, provision of medicine, laboratory testing, and non-pharmacology treatment. The most provided recommendations were provision of medicine (97,62%) with or without other recommendations. Medical referral were recommended by 22 pharmacists (26,19%). Of the total participants, 13,09% provided appropriate recommendations. Findings of this study indicate the necessity to optimise the role of community pharmacists in managing acute diarrhea in children. Further study to identify the needs of community pharmacists, either conducted with qualitative or quantitative approach, is required as the key step before implementing further intervention.