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ROBUSTA COFFEE BEANS DECREASE OF INFLAMMATION IN DENTAL CARIES I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti; I Dewa Ayu Susilawati; Pujiana Endah; Roedy Budirahardjo
UNEJ e-Proceeding Proceeding of 1st International Conference on Medicine and Health Sciences (ICMHS)
Publisher : UPT Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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The coffee plant is one commodity that is developedin kabuapaten Jember. Coffee chemical constituents,such as flavonoids, xanthine, antioxidants, alkaloids,polyphenols may serve as anti-inflammatory,antibacterial, platelet aggregation. Polyphenolbioavailability of coffee has also been studied.1.2.3While Namboodiripad, K. Srividya (2009) provedtheir coffee inhibition zone against S. mutans. Theimmune response of dental caries among othersrelated to cytokines are expressed odontoblast layer,such as IL-1β, IL-1α and TNF-α.4.5 Thus it is said thatcoffee is thought to inhibit dental caries by means ofmodulating the immune response. This niaccordance with the Decree of the Minister of Statefor Research and Technology of the Republic ofIndonesia Number: 02 / M / Kp / II / 2000 onDevelopment and Engineering for NationalDevelopment (JAKSTRA 2000-2004) in the field ofdentistry which has two areas of research focusinclude health field for prevention and treatment ofdiseases and new materials related to ceramics,polymer composites, engineering materials(materials science and engineering), as well as newmaterial derived from ingredients that are natural.6One of the natural ingredients that are known toeveryone is coffee. Where coffee is one of theexcellent programs that can improve theperformance of Jember University's Strategic Plan.This type of coffee is widely known in Indonesiathere are three kinds, namely Arabica, Robusta andLiberika. In general, farmers grow robusta, becausein this type of coffee has more superior properties,so it is very fast growing. Even the coffee is thedominant species of coffee plantations in Indonesia.In addition, it contains prolifenol Robusta coffee,caffeine and chlorogenic acid, which is higher thanthe other coffee types. Currently, the production ofrobusta coffee production reached third copiesworldwide.7.8 Coffee brews are very widelyconsumed in the world due to their pleasant flavorand taste as well as for their stimulating effect onthe mental and physical activities. Several years ago,in California, a research conducted by TakayukiShibamoto, a professor of environmental toxicology,found that freshly brewed coffee contains potentantioxidants equal to the amount found in threeoranges. Antioxidants in general have been linked toa number of potential health benefits, includingprotection against heart disease and cancer,protection against liver and colon cancer, type 2diabetes, and Parkinson's disease..9 Coffee chemicalconstituents, such as flavonoids, xanthine,antioxidants, alkaloids, polyphenols may serve asanti-inflammatory, antibacterial, plateletaggregation.1.2.3 Roasted coffee also has antiadhesiveproperties which prevent adhesion of S.mutans and other harmful materials on the teethand whiten teeth.4 Previous research by a team ofother researchers of Excellence coffee beans for thetreatment of cancer of the oral cavity, an article onPotential immunomodulatory coffee beans to dentalcaries and the potential immunomodulatory Robustabeans to dental caries.10.11.12 In this study Robustabeans made in the form of pasta because pastaShape is the most popular because it can be easilyused and harden quickly.Capping pupa is one of the more conservativetreatments to prevent dental caries has been on thepulp or pulp exposure due to mechanical factors.Interest Capping pulp to maintain the vitality ofdental pulp. Pulp tissue is important in the formationof secondary dentine and reparative dentin inresponse to biological and pathological stimuli.Capping pulp is the application layer or theprotective material or materials for treatment overan open pulp, such as calcium hydroxide which willstimulate the formation of reparative dentin.13Capping pulp after the treatment, the healingprocess will occur in the pulp tissue covering theinflammatory response, collagen formation and theformation of new dentin. Inflammatory responseshould occur as a sign of the host defense. Acuteinflammation occurs a few minutes, hours or days,while chronic inflammation occurs after acuteinflammation. Inflammatory played by inflammatorycells such as PMN (polymorphonuclear,mononuclear cells (monocytes, macrophages,lymphocytes, mast cells, plasma cells). PMN are cellsleading that respond to injury and most frequentlyProceeding ICMHS 2016 ISBN 978-602-60569-3-1174seen in inflammation. These cells react in the earlystages of inflammation (acute) up to 28 hours,followed by macrophages, lymphocytes and plasmacells (chronic).14 Chronic inflammation is said to bethe beginning of the healing process. Although theresponse innate was important in inflammation, butan adaptive response also plays a role, becausecytokines were producted by T cells induceinflammation. To obtain optimal care, the necessaryunderstanding in depth about how the composition,antibacterial properties, biocompatibility, effect ondentin and pulp as well as the technique of using aresin adhesive as a material Capping pulp directly. Inhandling damage teeth, either by decay or trauma,maintain vital pulp tissue remains the mostimportant things to be done by a dentist because ofthe non-vital teeth, the teeth tend to be susceptibleto fracture. The development of the field ofconservation science teeth adapted to thedevelopment of basic science related andtechnological advances applied which is thedevelopment of science in the field of clinical(clinical science). Dental conservation therapy aimsto maintain its position of teeth as long as possible inorder to work longer. This objective can be achievedby treating the hard tissue or soft tissue of a tooth totooth structure back to normal, or at least close tonormal.15
Analysis of protein profile of neem leaves juice (azadirachta indica l. Juss) I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti; I Dewa Ayu Susilawati; Pujiana Endah Lestari; Roedy Budirahardjo
UNEJ e-Proceeding 2016: Proceeding The 1st International Basic Science Conference
Publisher : UPT Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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The current trend of the management of diseases has shifted toward modulating the immune response of the patients. This is achieved by the administration of immunomodulatory substance obtained from the immunogenic medicinal plant, such as neem. The immunogenic properties of neem has been associated with its protein content. Aim. This study aimed to characterize the proteins and immunogenic components of neem leaves juice using sodium dodecyl Sulphate method Polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Materials and Methods. Neem leaf juice was extracted for proteins with freeze dry method. Samples that were to be run were added with RSB with the ratio of 1:1, then heated in boiled water for ± 5 minutes. An amount of 15 µl from each sample was then put into the wells. Samples were run in 120 Volt for 60-80 minutes. Gel was then taken, stained with silver nitrate for 1 hour, and was then stained every 1.5 hours. Protein bands formed were then observed. Results. The protein fraction of neem leaves juice consisted of proteins with molecular weights (MW) as follows: 11 kDa, 13 kDa, 30 kDa, 62 kDa, 70 kDa, 81 kDa. Conclusion. All protein fractions of neem leaves juice are potentially immunogenic components.
ROBUSTA COFFEE BEANS INCREASE LEVELS OF TNF-α AS A RESPONSE TO Streptococcus mutans Pujiana Endah Lestari; I Dewa Ayu Susilawati; I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti; Roedy Budirahardjo
UNEJ e-Proceeding Proceeding of 1st International Conference on Medicine and Health Sciences (ICMHS)
Publisher : UPT Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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Abstract

Coffee plant is commodity exports that wasencouraging because it has relatively high economicvalue in the world market. Coffee plantations aremanaged by people, and this day its grow continuallyin several provinces in Indonesia so expansion isincreasing continuously. Coffee production inIndonesia ranks the fourth largest in the world afterColombia, Brazil and Vietnam (Zainuddin andMurtisari, 1995; Simanihuruk and Sirait, 2010). Inaddition, the coffee plant is one of the leadingcommodities developed in Jember. Chemical contentof coffee such as flavonoids, xanthine, antioxidants,alkaloids, polyphenols can serve as a bitter taste,antibacterial, platelet aggregation. Thebioavailability of polyphenols coffee has also beenstudied (Scalbert et al., 2000; Coralie et al., 2006;Naziq, 2012).Namboodiripad and Srividya (2009) prove theexistence of the inhibition zone coffee against S.mutans. These bacteria are structurally andantigenetically express a surface protein that arecalled antigen I / II, B, Sr and PAC that have amolecular weight of 185 kDa. These antigens by theresearchers were assigned that play a role in thepathogenesis of dental caries, and its are effective asa vaccine in the prevention of dental caries. I/IIantigens of S. mutans have properties of adhesive,that the bacteria are used attachment to hostcomponents during colonize and infection, so itsbecome the focus of a number of researchers. Thesesurface-antigen proteins have an effect in theattachment of S. mutans with acquired pellicles ontooth surfaces (Yuliati, 2005). The immune responsesof dental caries were associated with cytokine suchas IL-1 β, α, IL-1 and TNF-α that were expressedodontoblast layer. It is said that bacteria excretion aextracellular virulence-immunomodulatory protein(VIP, which has a mitogenic effect on lymphocytes,suppress the immune response of the host andinduces production of IL-10, which is animmunosuppressor cytokines. So, VIP is animportant virulence factor produced microorganismsand closely associated with the pathogenicity ofbacteria (Gomes et al., 2006).Thereby, it is said that coffee could be expectedto inhibit dental caries by means of modulate theimmune response. The paradigm change stated thatthe tissue replacement turns into tissueregeneration that was cause approach of medicalmateria that geared to a biologically tissueimprovement. Biocompatible materials indicate thatit can be accepted by the body (Harty and Ogston(1995), and the coffee was clearly meets theserequirements.The current utilization of the coffee plant in themodulates an immune response against S. mutansthat is cause a dental caries that have not beenstudied, so arises problem how theimmunomodulatory potential of robusta coffeebeans against dental caries ?The general objective of this research is to analyzethe immunomodulatory potential of robusta coffeebeans against dental caries, whereas the aim inparticular is analyze the influence of robusta coffeebeans against TNF-α levels in response to S. mutans.
TNF- α expression on rats after Candida albicans inoculation and neem (Azadirachta indica) extract feeding I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 44 No. 1 (2011): March 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (481.166 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v44.i1.p49-53

Abstract

Background: Neem is a known traditional medicine from trees which function as immunomodulator. Candidiasis found in mouth is 80% caused by Candida albicans (C. albicans). Immunity is important to limit C. albicans since medicine price is relatively traditional medicine may become a good choice. In the other side the medicine price may not be reached by the citizen, cause citizen choose the traditional medicine. Purpose: The research is aimed to explain of TNF-α expression on rats after inoculated by C. albicans and fed with neem extract (Azadirachta Indica). Methods: There were 5 groups, the first group which was called as control group (KO) hadn’t been fed aqueous extract from neem leaves and was not inoculated by C. albicans, the other group (treatment) was classified into 4 groups. The first group was inoculated by C. albicans only (KP1), second group was fed with 50 mg/day/kg body weight aqueous extracts from Neem leaves, then inoculated with C. albicans starting from day 8 until day 21 (KP2), third group was fed with 100 mg/day/kg body weight aqueous extract from Neem leaves, then inoculated with C. albicans start from day 8 until day 21 (KP3), fourth group was fed with 200 mg/day/kg body weight aqueous extract from Neem leaves, then inoculated by C. albicans start from day 8 until day 21 (KP4). The data was collected from by swabbing the rat’s tongue to calculate C. albicans colonies. The rats were acclimated and collected for immunohistochemistry measurement. Results: The study showed that there were different result on ANOVA, HSD test, and linier regression. ANOVA showed significant difference (p < 0.01) between groups. The HSD test showed significant difference (p < 0.05) between each groups. TNF-α was the stimuli sensor from environment, and used as parameter to see the effect from the change of innate immunity component to C. albicans. Conclusion: Aqueous extract from neem leaves increased the macrophage TNF-α expression on in rat in oculated with C. albicans. Latar belakang: Mimba merupakan salah satu tanaman obat tradisional yang telah dikenal masyarakat dan berfungsi sebagai imunomodulator. Penyakit infeksi yang paling banyak dijumpai di rongga mulut (80%) adalah kandidiasis dengan penyebab utama Candida albicans (C. albicans). Di mana peran imunitas sangat penting pada C. albicans. Di sisi lain harga obat yang semakin mahal semakin tidak terjangkau masyarakat, menyebabkan masyarakat memilih obat tradisional. Tujuan: Riset ini untuk menjelaskan tentang ekspresi TNF-α makrofag pada tikus wistar yang diinokulasi C. albicans dan diberi konsumsi ekstrak cair daun mimba. Metode: Penelitian ini terbagi menjadi 5 kelompok, kelompok kontrol (KO) tidak diberi perlakuan, kelompok yang diinokulasi C. albicans (KP1), kelompok yang diberi konsumsi 50 mg/hari/kg dan diinokulasi C. albicans mulai dari hari 8 sampai hari 21 (KP2), kelompok yang diberi konsumsi 100 mg/hari/kg dan diinokulasi C. albicans mulai dari hari 8 sampai hari 21 (KP3), kelompok yang diberi konsumsi 200 mg/hari/kg dan diinokulasi C. albicans mulai dari hari 8 sampai hari 21 (KP4). Data dikumpulkan dari swabbing lidah untuk dihitung koloni C. albicans dan jaringan lidah dengan metode immunohistochemistry untuk penghitungan sel makrofag yang mengekspresikan TNF-α. Hasil: Studi menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan dari hasil ANOVA, uji HSD, regresi linier. ANOVA menunjukkan perbedaan (p < 0,01) antar kelompok. Uji HSD menunjukkan perbedaan (p < 0,05) antar kelompok. Hal ini dapat dikatakan bahwa TNF-α adalah sensor stimuli dari lingkungan, yang digunakan sebagai parameter untuk melihat pengaruh dari > perubahan dari komponen respons innate terhadap C. albicans. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak cair daun mimba dapa meningkatkan ekspresi makrofag TNF-α dari tikus yang diinokulasi C. albicans.
The role of Kuniran (U. moluccensis) and Gurami (O. goramy) fish thorns and scales in increasing salivary leukocyte and monocyte cells viability against Streptococcus mutans I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti; I Dewa Ayu Susilawati; P. Purwanto; Pujiana Endah Lestari; Roedy Budirahardjo; Dyah Setyorini; Ristya Widi Endah Yani; Erawati Wulandari; Melok Aris Wahyukundari
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 52 No. 1 (2019): March 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1168.806 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v52.i1.p45-50

Abstract

Background: Kuniran thorns and Gurami fish scales are rich in protein and minerals such as dentin believed to increase cell viability against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) that causes dental caries. These, in turn, can cause systemic diseases if left untreated. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the influence of Kuniran thorns and Gurami fishes scales on the viability of monocytes and salivary leukocytes against S. mutans. Methods: Monocytes and leukocytes salivary cells were placed on a microtiter plate and treated according to the nature of each group. This study comprised the following groups: control group: untreated; S. mutans group: induced by S. Mutans; Gurami thorn group: thorns + S. Mutans; Gurami scales group: scales + S. Mutans; Kuniran thorn group: thorns + S. Mutans; Kuniran scales group: scales + S. mutans. Viability analysis involved staining with Tripan Blue. Furthermore, the number of viable cells (white) was calculated under an inverted microscope at 200 times magnification from five fields of view. Data was analyzed by means of an ANOVA test followed by LSD test. Results: The ANOVA and LSD tests confirmed significant differences (0.01<P). Kuniran thorns and Gurami fish scales increased the viability of monocytes and salivary leukocytes, but not significantly. The content of flavonoids, amino acids, omega 3, omega 6 and antioxidants increased leukocyte metabolism, thereby increasing cell resistance to S. mutans infection. Conclusion: Kuniran thorns (U. moluccensis) and Gurami (O. goramy) fish scales increase the viability of salivary leukocyte and monocyte cells against Streptococcus mutans.
Addition of gourami (Osphronemus goramy) fish scale powder on porosity of glass ionomer cement Erawati Wulandari; Farah Rachmah Aulia Wardani; Nadie Fatimattuzahro; I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 55 No. 1 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i1.p33-37

Abstract

Background: Porosity is one of the disadvantages of glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorative materials, as it causes a reduction in strength and durability; the greater the porosity, the lower the strength of the restorative material and vice versa. As gourami fish scales contain calcium and phosphate, they have the potential to reduce the porosity of GIC. Purpose: This study aimed to analyse the effect of adding gourami fish scale powder (GFSP) on the pore size and porosity level of the GIC. Methods: This experimental research included a post-test-only control. The GFSP was fabricated using the freeze-drying method. Sixteen Fuji IX Extra sample cylinders with a diameter of 5 mm and a height of 3 mm were divided into four groups: K0, which comprised GIC without the addition of GFSP; K1, which contained GIC powder + 2.5% GFSP (by weight); K2, which comprised GIC powder + 5% GFSP (by weight), and K3, which contained GIC powder + 10% GFSP (by weight). The samples were observed using scanning electron microscopy and measured using ImageJ software. Data were analysed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Results: The addition of 2.5% GFSP (by weight) produced the smallest pore size and lowest porosity, while the one-way ANOVA test results were significant among all groups at p = 0.000. There was no significant difference in pore sizes between K0 and K1 (p = 0.359), but a significant difference was found in the level of porosity (p = 0.024). Conclusion: The addition of GFSP affected the porosity of the GIC; the pore size and porosity level of the GIC were reduced by the addition of 2.5% GFSP.
Robusta Coffee (Coffeacanephora) Decreasing IL-1α (Interleukin-1α) Expression and Increasing the Number of Fibroblasts in Healing Process in Dental Pulp in Wistar Rats I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti; I Dewa Ayu Susilawati; Pujiana Endah Lestari; Ristya Widi Endah Lestari; Erawati Wulandari; Roedy Budirahardjo; Dyah Setyorini; Sunlip Wibisono
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 51 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2019.51.1.6

Abstract

Fibroblasts and IL-1α are important components of inflammation and healing in dental caries. This healing allegedly could be enhanced by robusta coffee. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of varying concentrations of robusta coffee on IL-1α expression and the number of fibroblasts. Wistar rats were used, divided into 4 groups and 3 subgroups (7-, 14"‘, and 21-day rats) with each group containing 4 animals: Control group: untreated group; 25% Coffee Group: cavities + treated with 25% coffee bean paste; 50% Coffee Group: cavities + treated with 50% coffee bean paste; 75% Coffee Group: cavities + treated with 75% coffee bean paste. The 7-, 14-, and 21-day rats were sacrificed serially for analysis of the number of dental pulp fibroblasts by staining with HE and IL-1α expression by immunohistochemistry. The resulting data were analyzed descriptively and using ANOVA, followed by an LSD test. The higher the concentration of robusta coffee, the more the expression of IL-1α decreased and the more the number of fibroblasts increased. It is suspected that immunomodulatory proteins inhibit IL-1α expression. It was concluded that robusta coffee could decrease IL-1α expression and increase the number of fibroblasts during the healing process in the dental pulp of Wistar rats.
INFEKSI Cytomegalo virus (CMV) PADA IBU HAMIL DAN MANIFESTASINYA DI RONGGA MULUT I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti
STOMATOGNATIC - Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Vol 7 No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Jember

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Immune status in pregnancy was very impotant, because the effect for life to fetus andmother. If immune in pregnancy has’nt been attended, it will attack infection. Infection diseases was found in pregnancy was Cytomegalo virus (CMV) infection. Aims. This literature reviews purposes to information of CMV infection in pregnancy and manifestation in oral mucosa. Discussion. Infection in fetus could happen when mother could be reactivation, reinfection, it was assimptomatic and it ungiven sequele if it has been compared primer infection. That was caused maternal Ig G anti-CMVcould throug placenta and protective. Clinical symptom had been known from inflammation reaction. Oral manifestation could be vesicle and ulcer. Conclusion. CMV infection in pregnancy wasdanger infection for fetus and mother. It caused status immunity in pregnancy have been kept for prevent so that haven’t infection.
TLR4 macrophage expression of the wistar rats were inoculated by Candida albicans I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti
STOMATOGNATIC - Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Vol 7 No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Jember

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Multidimentional crisis in Indonesia caused to multi effects. In heatlh aspect caused increase infection diseases, otherwhise mouth become some gate for entrance pathogen flora into human body. One of the most infection diseases was found in the mouth is candidiasis caused by C albicans. TLR4 were play a pivotal role in recognition of Candida albicans.The purposed experimental : This experimental purposed to know comparation of TLR4 expression macrophage of the wistar rats were inoculated C albicans. Method : The subjects of this research are 20 male-wistar rats divided into five groups : Control Group (KO) were 10 rats that were not given treatment. Experimental Groups (KP), 10 rats that were inoculated by C albicans. After 21 days, will been kill and cut on tongue for analized by imunohistochemic. The data obtained will be analyzed using t test. The result : The result this research showed that there was not a significant different (p<0,05) to comparation of TLR4 macrophage expression of Experimental Groups 1 (KP). A significant different was found at decreasing of TLR4 between KO with KP Discused : These decreasing are assumed that C albicans infection could inhibit TLR4 activities, so the decreasing of macrophage activity caused TLR4 decreased. All of those activity causes the decreasing immune response and killed activity to C albicans. The conclusion : The fact of this research is dereasing TLR4 macrophage of wistar rat was inoculated by C albicans.
MANIFESTASI ORAL HUMAN IMMUNE DEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV)/ AQUIRED IMMUNO DEFICIENCY SYNDROME PADA ANAK I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti
STOMATOGNATIC - Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Vol 7 No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Jember

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Introduction. These days HIV/AIDS infection is fast to children in the world. In developing countries such as Indonesia, this was caused first death and fourth in the world. Like at adult, HIV/AIDS to child can be manifestation in oral. Purposed of writing. This writing purposed for given information to medical and public for oral manifestation from AIDS to children. Writing benefit. This information expected to dentis can do protection and dental managemant with right. Discused. Oral manifestation HIV to children have different to adult. It may be relates to immune system in rough. Candidosis and necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis were oral lesion to child were HIV with hard immunosupresion. Linear erythema leukoplakia and sarcoma kaposi could indicator midle immunosupresion and hard. Magnification of paratis, herpes simplex virus infection and recurrent aphtous stomatitis not special relates to level ofimmunosupresion. Development of dental caries could be correlates with level of immunosupresion. Conclusion. BestManagement was by considering immunology status via precaution and inspection tooth and oral routinely formaintains health and reachs quality of good life.