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Mohamad Endy Y Yulianto
Departement Of Chemical Engineering, Vocational School, Diponegoro University
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Journal : Indonesian Food Science and TechnologyJournal

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Optimization of Coffee Bean Extraction Using Subcritical Water: A Response Surface Methodology Approach for Maximizing Caffeine and Antioxidant Yield Sutrisno, Sutrisno; Yulianto, Mohamad Endy; Ariwibowo, Didik; Paramita, Vita; Utari, Febiani Dwi; Azhara, Belinda; Monawisya, Abitha; Rizki, Muhammad
Indonesian Food Science and Technology Journal Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Volume 9 Number 1, December 2025 |IFSTJ|
Publisher : Department of Technology of Agricultural product (THP) Jambi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/ifstj.v9i1.43017

Abstract

This study explores the optimization of Subcritical Water Extraction (SWE) for maximizing caffeine and antioxidant yields from coffee beans using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). A Central Composite Design (CCD) was employed to evaluate the interaction effects of three key variables: temperature, solvent volume, and extraction time. As an eco-friendly alternative to conventional extraction methods, SWE was optimized based on these parameters. Statistical analysis confirmed their significant influence on bioactive compound recovery, with optimal conditions—162.440 °C, 28.409 mL of solvent, and 27.389 minutes—yielding 0.395 mg/mL caffeine and 27.039 μg/mL antioxidants, achieving a composite desirability value of 0.873. SEM analysis revealed significant structural degradation in the SWE-treated coffee extract, enhancing the release of caffeine and antioxidants by increasing porosity and cell wall disruption. This improved extraction efficiency, combined with SWE’s solvent-free nature and scalability, reinforces its role as an efficient method for extracting bioactive compounds from coffee, supporting its adoption as a green technology in sustainable food processing.
Co-Authors Abdullah Ridhwan Purnomo Adisti Putri Intaniasari Andi Nur Alamsyah Anggista, Giovani Anggun Puspitarini Siswanto Anindya Ardiansari Aprilani, Berliana Ari Yuniastuti Astuti, Septi Kusuma Ayun Sriatmi Azhara, Belinda B Budiyono Broto, R. T. D. Wisnu D. K. wikanta Damayani, Intan Ardina Deddy Kurniawan Wikanta Devita Hardianti Didik Ariwibowo Didik Ariwibowo Diwiyanto, Yusron Mahendra Diyono Ikhsan Diyono Ikhsan Dwi Handayani Dwi Handayani Dwi Handayani Edy Supriyo Eflita Yohana Endah Lestari Fahmi Arifan Fardzanela S Fardzanela S Fauzi, Nurrohmat Fiqih Putri Juanita Frisca Riana A FS Nugraheni S Hanifah Hanifah Heny Kusumayanti Heny Kusumayanti Hermawan Dwi Ariyanto Hermawan Dwi Ariyanto I. Hartati Ifana Ifana Ilyas Teguh Pangestu Indah Hartati Indah Hartati Indra Waspada Isti Pudjihastuti Juli Mrihardjono Juli Mrihardjono Latif, Abdul Madina, Haura Salwa Mandy Ayulia Dwisukma Margaretha Tuti Susanti Margaretha Tuti Susanti Monawisya, Abitha Muhammad Rizki Mulyaningsih, M.F. Sri Mustikaningrum, Mega Nanda, Dodi Eko Nanik Damayanti Nisa, Qurrotun A'yuni Khoirun Nyamiati, Retno Dwi Oktavian Dita Ratnasari Pangestu, Ilyas Teguh Pramudika, Satya Prasakti, Laras Priyono Kusumo R.T.D Wisnu Broto Rangkum Sembodo Rendiyatna Ferdian Riana Sitawati Riana Sitawati Rizka Amalia Rizka Amalia Rizka, Rashinta RTD Wisnu Broto Rudi Firyanto Saputri, Arum Dyah Saputri, Rizky Yunita Selvina Selvina Senen Senen Seno Darmanto Seno Darmanto Siti Nur Jannah Sovia, Ghina Sri Utami H Sri Utami Handayani Susiana Purwantisari Sutrisno Sutrisno Sutrisno, Sutrisno Sutrisno, Sutrisno Tandang Patria Tama Udin Bahrudin, Udin Utari, Febiani Dwi Vita Paramita Vita Paramita Vita Paramitha Wahyuningsih Wahyuningsih Wendi E Wendi E Winda Kristiana Yudanto, Yusuf Arya Zainal Abidin Zainal Abidin Zainal Abidin