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All Journal Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Science Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas Jurnal Abdimas PHB : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Progresif Humanis Brainstorming Cendekia Journal of Pharmacy Jurnal Ilmiah Farmako Bahari Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan JURPIKAT (Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat) Jurnal DiMas (Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat) Media Farmasi Indonesia Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy and Natural Product Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian
Endang Diyah Ikasari
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Dentistry Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Formulation of Theophylline Sustained-Release Tablets with a Combination of Eudragit RS 100 and Lactose Trisnaningtyas, Meysiska; Ikasari, Endang Diyah; Intan Martha Cahyani
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Article In Press 2026
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.26837

Abstract

Sustained-release (SR) delivery of Theophylline is pharmaceutically essential due to its narrow therapeutic index and the need to maintain controlled plasma exposure. This study aims to investigate the release kinetics and matrix-modifying roles of Eudragit RS 100 and lactose in three SR tablet formulations of Theophylline. Tablets were produced with the wet granulation method and evaluated for physicochemical properties, dissolution behavior according to USP specifications, and kinetic model fitting. The physicochemical evaluation revealed clear differences among formulations. F-1 exhibited the highest hardness (10.48 ± 0.10 kg/cm²) but excessive friability (2.40 ± 0.01%), whereas F-2 and F-3 showed lower hardness values (8.25 ± 0.03 and 8.03 ± 0.02 kg/cm²) with acceptable friability (0.32 ± 0.03% and 0.34 ± 0.03%). Granule flow properties improved progressively from F-1 to F-3, as indicated by reduced Carr’s Index (16.17 ± 0.16 to 11.58 ± 0.32%) and Hausner Ratio (1.193 to 1.131), accompanied by increased flow rates (12.12 ± 0.03 to 14.48 ± 0.53 g/s) (p < 0.05). These physicochemical differences were reflected in dissolution behavior and drug-release kinetics, confirming the matrix-modifying effects of Eudragit RS 100 and lactose. Kinetic modeling demonstrated formulation-dependent release mechanisms: F-1 showed the highest correlation with the zero-order model (R² = 0.9858), suggesting a near constant drug-release rate, whereas F-2 exhibited the best fit to a second-order model (R² = 0.9635), indicating concentration-dependent release. In contrast, F-3 was optimally described by the Korsmeyer–Peppas model (R² = 0.9545), consistent with anomalous transport governed by combined diffusion and polymer relaxation.
Co-Authors Adilah Athtahirah Afrenia, Resha Anggardha Paramita Sutrisno Anggraini, Novita Sindy Anjani Saskia Putri Arvian, Dias Wahyu Dharu Fajar Dwikha Timronna Ebta Narasukma A. Ebta Narasukma Anggraeny I Bagiana Ilham Kuncahyo, Ilham Intan Martha Cahyani Intan Martha Cahyani, Intan Martha Ismi Rahmawati Lia Kusmita Mery Sugandi, Nisa Meysiska Trisnaningtyas Mudianta, I Wayan Nicko Alfariz, Mochammad Nugraheni, Christi Karina Nur Aini, Nora Pratiwi, Audena Purwanto, Ungsari Rizki Eka Putri Windasari, Puput Rahmadi Prasetijo Rini, Arum Setyo Siti Munisih Tadlkirotulladlat, Novi Trisnaningtyas, Meysiska Trisnayanthi, Ni Nyoman Ayu Indah Ungsari Rizki Eka Purwanto Yudanti, Gendis Purno