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Peranan Laboratorium dalam Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) HIV Sri Ratna Dewi; Umi S. Intansari
WMJ (Warmadewa Medical Journal) Vol 2 No 1 (2017): Mei 2017
Publisher : Warmadewa University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/wmj.2.1.74.33-43

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) adalah retrovirus RNA yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit klinis, yaitu Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Transmisi virus dari ibu ke anak (mother to child transmission/MTCT) dapat terjadi melalui darah maternal, sekresi saluran genital, dan ASI. Risiko penularan HIV dari ibu ke bayi dapat ditekan hingga 2% dengan program PMTCT. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan tentang peran laboratorium dalam mendukung program PMTCT HIV. Dalam hal ini laboratorium memegang peranan yang penting dalam mendeteksi HIV secara dini dan diikuti dengan evaluasi. Untuk menentukan bayi tidak mengidap HIV, diperlukan minimal dua kali pemeriksaan polymerase chain reaction (PCR) RNA HIV dengan hasil negatif, yaitu pada usia 4-6 minggu dan pada usia 4-6 bulan. Pada saat bayi berusia 18 bulan dilakukan pemeriksaan antibodi terhadap HIV dengan cara Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) untuk konfirmasi. Laboratorium memegang peranan penting dalam melakukan deteksi dini HIV serta membantu dalam proses follow up sehingga dapat mendukung program PMTCT.                                                                        Kata kunci: PMTCT, HIV, PCR, ELISA   [Laboratory Role In The Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV]The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a RNA retrovirus which causes the clinical disease termed the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) may occurred because of the intrapartum maternal blood exposure, infected genital tract secretions and during breastfeeding. The aim of this paper is to explain the role of laboratory to support PMTCT program. Laboratory plays an important role in PMTCT, that given the starting point of PMTCT is early detection of HIV and followed by evaluation. To determine the baby does not have HIV, it takes at least two times the HIV RNA PCR with negative results, (at 4-6 weeks of age and at the age of 4-6 months). And then infants examined for HIV antibodies by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for confirmation at 18-month-old. Laboratory has an important role to support diagnose of HIV and their follow up, so it can be support PMTCT program.Keywords: PMTCT, HIV, PCR, ELISA
RASIO TROMBOSIT LEUKOSIT SEBAGAI PREDIKTOR INFEKSI DENGUE putu indah budiapsari; sri ratna dewi; I nyoman supadma
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 10 No 6 (2021): Vol 10 No 06(2021): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/MU.2021.V10.i6.P02

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Secara klinis terkadang demam berdarah dengue sulit dibedakan dengan demam oleh karena sebab lain. Identifikasi hematologis dalam hal ini sangat penting untuk skrining awal kecurigaan kita pada penyebab demam. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan rasio trombosit leukosit pada anak demam oleh karena infeksi dengue dibandingkan dengan nondengue. Metode. Penelitian retrospektif ini mengambil sampel anak usia 0-18 tahun di kabupaten Gianyar yang datang ke poliklinik anak dan UGD RSU Famili Husada Gianyar. Hasil. 106 rekam medis pasien anak demam nondengue dan 58 rekam medis pasien demam dengue. Rerata rasio trombosit leukosit pada pasien dengue adalah 93.47 sedangkan pada nondengue adalah 76.50. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada rasio trombosit leukosit pada infeksi dengue dan nondengue (p<0.05). Kesimpulan. Rasio trombosit leukosit dapat digunakan sebagai penanda infeksi dengue, dimana infeksi dengue memiliki rasio trombosit leukosit yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan nondengue.
Strengthening the Role of Cadres and Village Midwives to Support the Cervical Cancer Awareness Movement in Puhu Payangan Village, Gianyar, Bali, Indonesia Desak Putu Oki Lestari; Sri Ratna Dewi; Ni Wayan Armerinayanti
Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (Indonesian Journal of Community Engagement) Vol 7, No 1 (2021): March
Publisher : Direktorat Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (830.879 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpkm.43355

Abstract

Cervical cancer is the most common type of cancer in Balinese women, and most of the cervical cancer patients came in advanced condition. The health survey conducted in the village of Puhu, Payangan, Gianyar, found that the coverage of cervical cancer screening is 12%, which is considered as low. Payangan’s sub-district health centers (Puskesmas) have made an effort to give free PAP smear screenings to the local community, but it still has not received a good response. This is related to the community’s lack of knowledge on cervical cancer, low awareness of cancer screening, and false stigma about PAP smear examination. To overcome this problem, an effort is needed to increase awareness about the need for PAP smear screening by shaping it into a cervix cancer awareness movement "Gardavi", involving village midwives and housewife members of Empowerment and Family Welfare Group (PKK) in Puhu Village as cadres. Methods that are used in this community service include training for midwives, activation of tiered information system involving midwives-cadres and the community, knowledge provision as well as motivating cadres. This event is done to increase the role of village midwives and cadres to actively participate in PAP smear screenings in their region, therefore, it may increase screening outcomes and lower mother morbidity and mortality numbers due to cervical cancer. This event results in increased midwives’ knowledge and skill on the technique of sampling PAP smear independently, increased visits to the Community Health Sub-Center (Pustu) for PAP smear examination, creation of a midwives-cadres-community coordination system, cadres independently playing an active role in motivating the village community to do screening, as well as increased cadres’ optimism.
PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK SEBAYA DAN KONSELING DI SMP WIDYA SAKTI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN GERAKAN SEHAT REPRODUKSI REMAJA Sri Ratna Dewi; Desak Putu Oki Lestari; , Ni Wayan Armerinayanti; I Wayan Suwarna
JURNAL SEWAKA BHAKTI Vol 3 No 2 (2019): Sewaka Bhakti
Publisher : UNHI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (304.473 KB) | DOI: 10.32795/jsb.v3i1.514

Abstract

Adolescent are a transition period and highly sensitive to the influence of new values. The problems they face are also quite complex, one of which concerns reproductive health. Some studies suggest that peers are the most dominant factor in influencing the adolescent reproductive health behaviors. This dedication activity aims to increase adolescent knowledge and activate the role of peers and counseling teachers in disseminating correct information about reproductive health. The method of implementing activities in the form of providing material on adolescent reproductive health by a talk from the expert, training and mentoring to peer groups in carrying out mini counseling, as well as training and counseling for counseling teachers. After the implementation of this program obtained increased peer group knowledge and counseling teachers on adolescent reproductive health respectively as much as 50% and 30.8%. In addition, all peer groups are able to conduct mini-counseling as well as to do better counseling. Through this activity it is hoped that peer group partners and counseling is able to play an active role in continuously spreading information about adolescent reproductive health so that it can produce other peers who help keep the healthy atmosphere of the adolescents.
Pemberdayaan Kelompok Ibu PKK Desa Bresela dalam Peningkatan Pengetahuan Gizi Seimbang untuk Pencegahan Stunting Anak Agung Gede Budhitresna; Sri Ratna Dewi; Ayu Savitri Siskayani; Kartika Sari
JURNAL SEWAKA BHAKTI Vol 8 No 1 (2022): Sewaka Bhakti
Publisher : UNHI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32795/jsb.v8i1.2260

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Stunting is a linear growth disorder caused by chronic nutrient intake malnutrition and or chronic or recurrent infectious diseases as indicated by a z-score for height for age (TB/U) less than -2 standard deviations (SD) based on World Health Organization standards (WHO). Stunting describes chronic undernutrition status during growth and development since early life. The prevalence of stunting in Gianyar Regency, Bali Province in 2013 was 40.99%. One of the 10 villages at the locus of stunting in Gianyar Regency is Bresela Village. The main factor causing stunting in Gianyar district based on data verification from the District Health Office. Gianyar, among others: smoking habits, personal hygiene in food preparation, level of adequacy of vitamin A, and availability of clean water. The problems that are often found are the lack of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of the community regarding balanced nutrition and stunting in toddlers, therefore, together with partners, community empowerment is carried out through counseling about balanced nutrition as an effort to prevent stunting. Based on the pre and posttest evaluations, it was found that the knowledge of the PKM partners had increased from before and after the education had increased significantly (p value = 0.000).
Hubungan Bullying dengan Gangguan Tidur pada Mahasiswa Semester Satu Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Warmadewa Putu Galih Mia Utami; Sri Ratna Dewi; I Wayan Eka Arsana
AMJ (Aesculapius Medical Journal) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2022): August
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Violence in the form of bullying is still rife even at the university level today. Students who are victims of bullying will have an impact on mental health to cause disruption of sleep patterns. This study was conducted to determine the correlation between bullying and sleep disorders in first semester students of the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Warmadewa University. This research is an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. Implementation in November – December 2021 with a simple random sampling method. The data analysis used was univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. The final result of multivariate analysis showed p value < 0.05 (0.005) with an OR value of 3.5 which means there is a relationship between the incidence of bullying and sleep disorders and students who experience bullying have a 3.5 times greater chance of experiencing sleep disturbances than university students. who did not experience bullying after controlling for the gender variable. Students are expected to be able to participate in preventing bullying in the high school area and further researchers are expected to add other factors that influence the relationship between bullying and sleep disorders.
Korelasi antara Kolesterol Total dengan Kadar HbA1c pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di RSUD Tabanan Tahun 2021 Ni Nyoman Trisna Haryanti; Sri Ratna Dewi; Putu Nia Calista Santoso
AMJ (Aesculapius Medical Journal) Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023): October
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is chronic disease associated with various complications. Measurement of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) can be used as a standard for monitoring and risk indicators for DM complications. Increased levels of Free Fatty Acid (FFA) cause total cholesterol in type 2 DM to increase. Several studies have shown different results regarding the relationship between total cholesterol and HbA1c levels, so researchers are interested in re-examining the correlation of total cholesterol with HbA1c in type 2 DM patients. This research re-examined the correlation of total cholesterol and HbA1c levels in type 2 DM patients. The research was carried out which aimed to determine the correlation of total cholesterol with HbA1c in type 2 DM patients at Tabanan Hospital in the period January 1st – December 31st, 2021. This type of research is cross-sectional analytic observational research from secondary data sources (medical records) taken by consecutive sampling. Then the data was analyzed using the Pearson test through Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS). Based on research starting in August-November 2022, samples that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were 54 samples. From these samples, the average total cholesterol level was 225 mg/dl and the average HbA1c level was 8.8%. Pearson correlation test results obtained r = 0.371 (weak positive correlation) and p-value = 0.006, therefore it can be stated that total cholesterol and HbA1c levels have a significant relationship in type 2 DM patients.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI DISPOSISI SURAT MASUK BERBASIS WEB PADA KANTOR BADAN PENDAPATAN DAERAH KOTA MEDAN Salsabila Yusra; Sri Ratna Dewi; Trisatin Panggabean; Aidil Halim Lubis
PROSISKO: Jurnal Pengembangan Riset dan Observasi Sistem Komputer Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024): Prosisko Vol. 11 No. 1 Maret 2024
Publisher : Pogram Studi Sistem Komputer Universitas Serang Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30656/prosisko.v11i1.8105

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Teknologi informasi sangat diperlukan untuk menunjang proses kerja dan pelayanan masyarakat. Salah satu jenis teknologi informasi yang digunakan pada instansi pemerintah adalah website. Setiap perusahaan atau instansi memiliki berbagai sarana yang dapat membantu instansi memberitahukan informasi kepada pihak lain. Salah satunya dengan menggunakan surat. Penerimaan dan disposisi surat merupakan layanan masyarakat yang harus ditingkatkan pada Badan Pendapatan Daerah Kota Medan. Maksud dari riset ini adalah menciptakan sebuah platform berbasis web yang dapat mempermudah atasan dalam mengirimkan surat kepada bawahannya. Proses disposisi ini akan mengirimkan pemberitahuan kepada karyawan terkait dan memungkinkan pengguna untuk mengaksesnya secara langsung melalui sistem informasi berbasis situs web. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti merancang teknologi informasi seperti sistem informasi berbasis web untuk menjadi solusi dalam mengatasi kendala pengelolaan surat secara manual serta membantu Meningkatkan efisiensi dan produktivitas dalam memproses surat masuk dan disposisi menjadi fokus utama dalam penelitian ini. Pendekatan yang diambil melibatkan pemanfaatan metode kualitatif dan penerapan metode pengembangan waterfall.
Hubungan Tingkat Stres dengan Kadar Glukosa Darah Puasa pada Pasien DM Tipe 2 di RSUD Sanjiwani Gianyar Ni Luh Putu Dewi Pridani; Putu Asih Primatanti; Sri Ratna Dewi
Aesculapius Medical Journal Vol 4 No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/amj.4.2.2024.234 - 238

Abstract

[Relationship between Stress Levels and Fasting Blood Glucose in Type 2 DM Patients at Sanjiwani Hospital Gianyar] Diabetes mellitus is a chronic dissease that causes effects on the metabolic system. In a stressful situation, there is excessive production of the cortisol, which reduces the body's sensitivity to insulin. Cortisol can make glucose difficult to enter cells and accumulate in the blood, increasing blood glucose levels. The purpose of this research is to analyze the correlation between stress levels and fasting blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Sanjiwani Hospital, Gianyar. The method used analytical observational with a cross sectional approach using 95 sample of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Sanjiwani Hospital and using a consecutive sampling technique. Data collection using primary sources : a diabetic distress scale questionnaire and secondary data (medical records). Data analysis by spearman test. The characteristics of the research subjects were that the majority the late elderly age range (44.2%), the majority of patients were male (53.7%), their highest education was high school (44.2%), as many as (31.6%) worked as self-employed, and patients had no family history of DM (69.5%). The stress level of the subjects in this study was dominated by severe stress levels (45.3%) almost of subjects' glucose was high (74.7%). The results of the Spearman correlation test analysis obtained a significance value of 0.00 with a significance level of 0.05, which means there is a correlation between stress levels and fasting blood sugar levels in type 2 DM patients at Sanjiwani Hospital. The correlation coefficient figure shows 0.373, meaning the strength of the relationship is weak. The correlation coefficient positive so that the corellation between the variables is one direction, meaning the stress can increase the blood glucose levels.
Deteksi Tepi Sederhana Pada Citra Menggunakan Operator Sobel Supiyandi Supiyandi; Trisatin Panggabean; Nuzul Ramadhan; Sri Ratna Dewi; Salsabila Yusra
Repeater : Publikasi Teknik Informatika dan Jaringan Vol. 2 No. 3 (2024): Juli : Repeater : Publikasi Teknik Informatika dan Jaringan
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Teknik Elektro dan Informatika Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62951/repeater.v2i3.90

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implemented and evaluated the edge detection method using the Sobel Operator, which calculates the gradient of image intensity through two convoluted kernels for horizontal (Gx) and vertical directions. (Gy). The magnitudo gradient is obtained from the combination of both such directional gradients to represent the edge force on each pixel. The main steps include image pre-processing, the application of the Sobel kernel, the calculation of magnitudo gradients, and the filtering of results to extract significant edges. The results show that the Sobel Operator is effective in highlighting intensity differences that indicate the boundary of the object, although it is sensitive to noise and less accurate for fine edges. Despite its limitations, this method is simple to implement and useful as an initial step in image processing applications such as segmentation, pattern identification, and object shape analysis.