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All Journal CAKRA KIMIA (Indonesian E-Journal of Applied Chemistry) Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) METAMORFOSA Journal of Biological Sciences Buletin Udayana Mengabdi Jurnal Sewaka Bhakti Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED CHEMISTRY RESEARCH Dharma Jnana

Ni Made Puspawati

Universitas Udayana

Author-ID : 2920749

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences Other

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ISOLASI GELATIN DARI KULIT KAKI AYAM BROILER DAN KARAKTERISASI GUGUS FUNGSINYA DENGAN SPEKTROFOTOMETRI FTIR N. M. Puspawati; I N. Simpen; I N. Sumerta Miwada
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 6, No. 1 Januari 2012
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (216.797 KB)

Gelatin is a biopolymer that can be obtained from partially hydrolysis of collagen present in skin, bone, and connective tissues of animals. The aim of the present work is to isolate and characterize gelatin obtained from chicken feet Broiler’s skin after curing with acid and base. Isolation of gelatin from skin of chicken feet Broiler was performed by water-bath extraction through type A (acid) and type B (base) processes. CH3COOH 1.5% (GA) was used for acid-curing, and NaOH 2.0% (GB) for base-curing processes with 2 days soaking time. Gelatin prepared from acid-curing (GA) gave yield 8.47%, protein content 82.59%, and 23.50%. While gelatin from alkali process (GB) gave yield 7.37%, protein content 79.75% %, and fat content 15.76%. FTIR spectra of GA and GB were very similar. Both GA and GB exhibited peaks at wavelength number for region of amide A, amide I, II, and III which a characteristic for gelatin functional groups. GB exhibited peaks at 1242 cm-1 with low intensity in the amide III region while GA did not. This result is associated with the loss of triple helix or denaturation of collagen to gelatin. Based on FTIR results it can be concluded that GA and GB obtained were true gelatins, although GA gave a better result.

KARAKTERISTIK SIFAT FISIKO KIMIA GELATIN HALAL YANG DIEKSTRAK DARI KULIT AYAM BROILER MELALUI VARIASI SUHU Ni Made Puspawati; I Nengah Simpen; Ni Luh Putu Suciptawati
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 8, No. 1 Januari 2014
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

The aim of this study was to characterize physicochemical properties of gelatin extracted from skin of chicken at different temperatures (40oC, 45oC, 50oC) for 24 hours. Pre-treatment of dry defatted skin of chicken was done with a combination of alkaline-acid solution sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 0.15%w/v), sulfuric (0.15%v/v) and citric acid (0.7%w/v) and extraction was carried out in waterbath by adding water at pH 4-5. Physicochemical properties analyzed were yield, gel strength, proximate compositions, pH and characteristicfunctional groups. Statistical analysis showed that temperatures of extraction significantly (p<0.05) affected the physicochemical properties of gelatin produced. The yield and proximate compositions increased by increasing temperatures of extractions. The highest yield, water, protein, ash and fat content of gelatin (based on dry weight) were obtained at 50oC and the lowest at 40oC. Conversely, gel strength of gelatin decreased by increasing the temperature of extraction. Gelatin prepared at 40oC showed the highest gel strength (114.84g bloom) which was higher than gel strength of gelatin commercial (98.81 bloom) (p<0.05) while gelatin extracted at 45oC gave the lowest value (73.44g bloom). Gelatin extracted at different temperatures had significantly different pH (p<0,05). pH value of gelatin extracted at 40oC,45oC, dan 50oC was 3,29, 3,47, and 4,29 respectively. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of all gelatin prepared in this experiment revealed the presence of band corresponding to –OH, C-O, N-H and C-N, C=O and NCO of secondary amidewhich characteristic for gelatin functional groups.

ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA AKTIF ANTIJAMUR DARI DAUN MIMBA (Azadiractha indica A. Juss.) SEBAGAI PENGENDALI JAMUR Fusarium sp. PADA TANAMAN BUAH NAGA (Hylocereus sp.) Sri Wahjuni; Ni Made Puspawati; Ni Putu Rusma Eva Arista
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 10, No. 2 Juli 2016
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Pada penelitian ini dilakukan isolasi, identifikasi dan uji aktivitas antijamur dari ekstrak daun mimba (AzadirachtaIndica) terhadap jamur Fusarium sp. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsentrasi minimum ekstrak mimba yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Fusarium sp. dan mengidentifikasi golongan senyawa aktifnya. Serbuk daun mimba sebanyak 1000 gram diekstraksi menggunakan etanol 70%. Kemudian ekstrak pekat etanol dipartisi dengan menggunakan n-heksana, kloroform dan etil asetat. Hasil skrining awal uji aktivitas antijamur yang dilakukan pengamatan selama tiga hari menunjukkan ekstrak kloroform memiliki aktivitas antijamur dengan daya hambat sebesar 1 mm. Ekstrak kloroform selanjutnya diuji aktivitas antijamur dengan varian konsentrasi. Pada konsentrasi 10 ppm dan 30 ppm tidak menunjukkan adanya daya hambat, sedangkan pada konsentrasi 50; 70; dan 100 ppm menunjukkan daya hambat berturut-turut yaitu 9,5; 9,75; dan 18,3 mm yang termasuk kategori sedang sampai kuat. Ekstrak kloroform selanjutnya dipisahkan dengan kromatografi kolom menggunakan silika gel sebagai fase diam dan n-heksana : etil asetat : kloroform (1:1:1) sebagai fase gerak dan diperoleh 3 fraksi. Hasil uji kemurnian menunjukkan fraksi 3 dikatakan relatif murni secara KLT. Selanjutnya fraksi 3 diuji fitokimia dan diidentifikasi menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis dan Inframerah. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan fraksi 3 merupakan senyawa terpenoid. Hasil analisis UV-Vis fraksi 3 memberikan serapan maksimum pada panjang gelombang 410,80 nm, 325,60 nm, dan 269,40 nm yang diduga adanya transisi elektron dari n-?* , n-?*, dan ?-?*. Berdasarkan hasil spektra inframerah dan fitokimia fraksi 3 menunjukkan puncak yang sesuai dengan gugus fungsi karakteristik terpenoid yaitu O-H, C-H alifatik, C=O karbonil, dan C=C alifatik.

IDENTIFIKASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS SENYAWA FLAVONOID DARI EKSTRAK DAUN TREMBESI (Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr) SEBAGAI PENGENDALI JAMUR Fusarium sp. PADA TANAMAN BUAH NAGA Putu Sariningsih; Wiwik Susanah Rita; Ni Made Puspawati
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 9, no. 1 Januari 2015
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

This study aimed to examine antifungal activity of Trembesi (Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr) leaves extract against Fusarium sp on dragon fruit and to identify types of flavonoid compounds present in the extracts. Isolation of the flavonoids was started by maceration followed by fractionation into n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate respectively. Separation was carried out by preparative layer chromatography while identification was done using Ultraviolet-Visible and Infrared spectrophotometer. Antifungal activity test showed that ethylacetate extract has mild activity in inhibiting the growth of Fusarium sp. (inhibition zone 6.75 mm). The antifungal activity testing of three isolates positive flavanoid (B4, B5, B6) showed at the concentration of 10 % they have not given activity yet. The infrared spectra of isolates (B4, B5, B6) were very similar, therefore they have the same functional groups (OH, C-OH, aromatic CH, aliphatic CH, C=O, C-O-C ether, and aromatic C=C). The UV-Vis spectra showed isolates B4 gave absorption at a wavelength of 336.00 nm (band I) and 268.40 nm (band II), isolates B5 at 269.20 nm (bands II), and 325.40 nm (band I), and isolates B6 at 475.40 nm (bandI) and 282.40 nm (band II). Further UV-Vis identification using shift reagents suggested that isolates B4 was tentatively identified as 3,7,8,4 ', 5' pentahydroxy flavonols, isolates B5 as 3,5,4 'trihydroxy flavones, and isolate B6 as 3,5,7,8,3', 4 'hexahidroxy anthocyanine.

ANALISIS KANDUNGAN MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN TENGGULUN (Protium javanicum Burm.F.) DENGAN METODE KROMATOGRAFI GAS-SPEKTROSKOPI MASSA I G. P. Sukmajaya A. P. T.; N. M. Puspawati; A. A. Bawa Putra
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 6, No. 2 Juli 2012
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (175.44 KB)

Leaves of Tenggulun are commonly used in traditional medicine for inflammatory therapy. This research aims to analyze the chemical composition of the volatile oil extracted from Tenggulun leaf by gass chromatography (GC) coupled to mass spectrometer (MS). The volatile oil was obtained by steam distillation method. GC-MS spectra demonstrate that the volatile oil of Tenggulun leaf is constituted mainly of monoterpenes such as ?-ocimene (49.87%) and ?-pinene (0.36%) and sesquiterpenes such as ?-caryophyllene (24.95%), germacrene (4.01%), ?-humulene (2.98%), ?-elemene (2.38%), caryophyllene oxide (0.81%), ?-amorphene (0.46%), and spathulenol (2.64%).

UJI TOKSISITAS MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN TENGGULUN (Protium javanicum Burm. F.) DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST (BSLT) Ni Luh Putu Putri Setianingsih; I Wayan Suirta; Ni Made Puspawati
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 7, No. 2 Juli 2013
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Toxicity of essential oils extracted from young and old leaves of Tenggulun (Protium javanicum, Burm) towards Artemia salina leach larvae has been evaluated using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test and their chemical compositions have been analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The essential oils were obtained by extracting fresh young and old leaves of Tenggulun using steam distillation method. Steam distillation of young leaves produced oils with 0.06% yield while old leaves yielded 0.07 % oils. The toxicity test results found thatthe essential oils obtained from old leaves were more toxic with LC50 of 15.85 compared to the essential oils of young leaves whose LC50 was 25.12 ppm. GC-MS data revealed that the essential oils of young leaves contained 11 compounds which were : ?-pinene (0.75 %), ?-pinene (0.54 %), delta-3-carene (0.38 %), octatriene (1.35%), trans-?-ocimene (77.63 %), ?-elemene (1.23 %), trans-caryophyllene (12.62 %), ?-humulene (1.18 %), germacrene (3.25 %), ethanone (0.65 %) and isospathulenol (0.42 %) while the essential oils of old leaves composed of 21 compounds whichwere : ?-pinene (0.71 %), ?-pinene (0.44 %), ?-myrcene (0.15 %), cis-ocimene (2.06 %), trans-?-ocimene (52.79 %), trans-caryophyllene (30.02 %), ?-humulene (2.80 %), germacrene (0.28 %), germacrene (4.64 %), ?-farnesene (0.85 %), ?-elemene (0.16 %), tridecatrienenitrile (0.19 %), ethanone (0.49 %), caryophyllene oxide (0.83 %), nerolidol (0.12 %), spathulenol (1.25 %), isospathulenol (1.18 %), kauran (0.30 %), isospathulenol (0.16 %), spathulenol (0.34 %) and ?-farnesene (0.23 %).

AKTIVITAS ANTIPIRETIK EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT BUAH RAMBUTAN (Nephelium lappaceum L) SECARA IN VIVO DAN KANDUNGAN FENOLIK TOTALNYA I Made Dira Swantara; Riski Fatur Rachman; Ni Made Puspawati
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 11. No.2 Juli 2017
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek antipiretik ekstrak etanol kulit buah rambutan dan menentukan kandungan fenolik totalnya. Metode untuk uji aktivitas antipiretik dilakukan secara invivo menggunakan ragi tape untuk menginduksi demam pada tikus jantan galur Wistar dan menggunakan metode Folin-Coicalteu untuk mengukur total fenolnya. Hasil skrining fitokimia menunjukkan adanya senyawa golongan fenolik, tanin, flavonoid, saponin, dan terpenoid, dengan kandungan senyawa fenoliknya yang lebih dominan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian ekstrak etanol kulit buah rambutan pada dosis 5; 10 dan 20 mg/100 g BB bersifat antipiretik dengan terjadinya penurunan suhu rectal tikus dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif dan penurunan suhu yang tajam terlihat pada menit ke-210 setelah pemberian ekstrak. Kandungan fenol total dalam ekstrak etanol kulit buah rambutan yang diperoleh sebesar 39,7861 g GAE/100 g atau 39,78%.

UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK DAUN TENGGULUN (Protium javanicum Burm. F) DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST (BSLT) N. M. Puspawati; I K. D. Yasa; I. A. R. A. Asih
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 15, No.2, Juli 2021
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JCHEM.2021.v15.i02.p15

Tumbuhan tenggulun (Protium javanicum Burm F.) secara tradisional telah digunakan untuk mengatasi berbagai macam penyakit seperti batuk, perut nyeri, diare, dan radang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menentukan toksisitas ekstrak n-heksana, etil asetat, n-butanol daun tenggulun terhadap larva Artemia salina L dan mengidentifikasi senyawa aktifnya. Toksisitas ekstrak ditentukan dengan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) dan identifikasi senyawa aktifnya dengan LCMS/MS (Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry). Maserasi 1000 g daun tenggulun dengan metanol menghasilkan 116,9936 g ekstrak kasar metanol. Partisi ekstrak kasar metanol memakai pelarut n-heksana, etil asetat, dan n-butanol masing-masing menghasilkan ekstrak kental n-heksana, etil asetat, dan n-butanol. Hasil uji toksisitas terhadap ektrak n-heksana, etil asetat, dan n-butanol diperoleh nilai LC50 sebesar 218,78; 134,90; dan 223,87 ppm. Ekstrak etil asetat menunjukkan toksisitas yang relatif lebih tinggi dibandingkan ekstrak lainnya. Pemisahan senyawa aktif pada ektrak etil asetat dilakukan dengan metode kromatografi vakum cair (KVC) dengan fase diam silika gel dan fase gerak (n-heksana 100% sampai metanol 100 %) menghasilkan 5 fraksi (FA, FB, FC, FD, dan FE). Toksisitas tertinggi pada konsentrasi uji 100 ppm ditunjukkan oleh FA dengan persentase kematian larva 83,33%. Hasil analisis spectra LC-MS/MS dari fraksi aktif ekstrak etil asetat daun tenggulun FA menunjukkan adanya kandungan senyawa aktif yang diduga sebagai benzodioxepin-7-yl-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one dan 10-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-9H-[2]benzofuro[6,5-g][1,3]benzodioxol-7-one. Kata kunci: Tenggulun (Protium javaniccum Burm F), toksisitas, Brine Shrimp Lethality Test, LC-MS/MS

KARAKTERISTIK MUTU GELATIN DARI KULIT AYAM BROILER MELALUI PROSES PERENDAMAN KOMBINASI ASAM-BASA I Nengah Simpen; Ni Made Puspawati; A A I Rahma Prabawanti
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 10, No. 2 Juli 2016
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Kandungan kolagen yang cukup tinggi pada kulit ayam berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan baku alternatif gelatin halal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh variasi pelarut asam, yaitu asam asetat, asam laktat dan asam sitrat dengan konsentrasi masing-masing 1% setelah perendaman basa NaOH 0,15% terhadap rendemen, pH, viskositas, dan kekuatan gel produk gelatin yang diekstrak dari kulit ayam broiler. Proses perendaman yang menghasilkan gelatin terbaik dipilih berdasarkan acuan standar mutu, kemudian gelatin tersebut dikarakterisasi sifat fisikokimianya dan dibandingkan dengan gelatin komersial. Penelitian ini disusun menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) enam perlakuan dengan tiga kali ulangan dan dianalisis dengan metode one-way ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan perlakuan pada proses perendaman tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap hasil rendemen, sedangkan terhadap pH, viskositas, dan kekuatan gel berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05). Gelatin terbaik dihasilkan dari proses perendaman dengan NaOH 0,15% dilanjutkan dengan asam asetat 1%. Analisis sifat fisikokimia gelatin terpilih menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbeda dengan gelatin komersial, serta memenuhi standar mutu SNI dan British Standard dengan karakteristik pH 5,20; viskositas 4,20 cP; kekuatan gel 239,92 g bloom; kadar air 11%; kadar abu 1,08%; kadar protein 91,82%; dan kadar lemak 0,99%. Hasil analisis spektra FTIR menunjukkan gugus fungsi khas gelatin pada sampel, yaitu gugus O-H, N-H, C-O, C=O, C-N dan NCO.

IDENTIFIKASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS SENYAWA TANIN DARI EKSTRAK DAUN TREMBESI (Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI Escherichia coli (E. coli) Putu Puspita Sari; Wiwik Susanah Rita; Ni Made Puspawati
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 9, no. 1 Januari 2015
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

Isolation and identification of tannin compounds from trembesi leaves (Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr) and its anti-bacterial activity test against Escherichia coli (E. coli) have been done in this research based on the utilization of trembesi leaves to treat diarrhea. Extraction was done by maceration and partition, separation by preparative TLC. The anti-bacterial activity was tested using wells that diffusion method, and the identification of the compounds was done with UV-vis spectrophotometer and FTIR. Maceration with ethanol produced 36.80 g crude ethanol extract. Phytochemical test showed that acetone and water fractions gave positive result for hydrolyzed tannin compounds but acetone fraction revealed more concentrated than water fraction. Anti-bacterial test result showed that the acetone fraction was active towards E.coli with medium activity. Separation of the eluent n-butanol: acetic acid: water (4:1:5) (BAA) gave six isolates but only two isolates (isolate 2 with Rf 0.61, and isolates 3 with Rf.0.65) gave positive results for tannin. These two isolates were relatively pure on TLC purity test and showed weaker anti-bacterial activity compared to the acetone fractions. Identification using UV-Vis spectrophotometer showed that isolates 2 and 3 gave two similar peaks with maximum absorbance at 346.50 nm and 347.00 nm respectively due to n?*and ??* electron transitions, which indicated the presence of C=O and C=C chromophores. Infrared spectra of isolates 2 and 3 revealed peaks that correspond to characteristic functional groups of tannin including –O-H, C-H aliphatic, C=O esther, C=C aromatic, C-O-H, and C-O-C ether.

Co-Authors A A I Rahma Prabawanti A. A. Bawa Putra A. A. Tia Santika Dewi Anak Agung Istri Agung Mayun Laksmiwati Arisma Damayanti Ashri Rizki Hidayati Desak Putu Eka Nilakusmawati Dewa Ayu Indra Dewi Diah Prihatiningsih G. A. G. Indukirana Gusti Ayu Primandari Utami Haqqika Pasha Helen Helda Prastika I G. P. Sukmajaya A. P. T. I Gede Tangkas Mei Yasa I Gusti Putu Agus Ferry S.P. I K. D. Yasa I M, Sukadana I M. Sukadana I Made Dira Swantara I Made Oka Adi Parwata I Made Sudarsana I Nengah Simpen I Nyoman Suarsana I Nyoman Sumerta Miwada I Nyoman Widana I Wayan Karta I Wayan Pramana Eka Putra I Wayan Suirta I. A Raka Astiti Asih I. A. Gede Widihati I. A. R. Astiti Asih IDA AYU ASTARINI Ida Ayu Gede Widihati Ida Ayu Putu Sri Adnyasari Ida Bagus Putra Mahardika Ida Bagus Putra Manuaba Indriani Wisnu Susanto Panjaitan Irdhawati Irdhawati James Sibarani K. Sari K. Swandiyasa Ketut Ratnayani Ketut Ratnayani Komang Ardipa Saputra M. G. Agus Mandana Mahardika Aprilia Iflahah Manuntun Manurung N. K. Gumiati N. L. P. F. Widiari N. W. Bogoriani Ni G. A. M. Dwi Adhi Suastuti Ni Ketut Puspa Sari Ni Ketut Sinarsih Ni Ketut Sinarsih Ni Komang Ariati Ni Luh Putu Mega Wahyuni Ni Luh Putu Putri Setianingsih Ni Luh Putu Suciptawati Ni Luh Rustini Ni Made Suaniti Ni Putu Adriani Astiti Ni Putu Diantariani Ni Putu Rahayu Kusuma Pratiwi Ni Putu Rusma Eva Arista Ni Putu Widayanti Ni Wayan Deswiniyanti Ni Wayan Oktarini A.C.Dewi Oka Ratnayani Oscar Yonathan Hambiyono P. P. Dewi Paramartha, I. D. G. Y. Putu Puspita Sari Putu Sariningsih Putu Suarya Riana Dyah Suryaningrum Riski Fatur Rachman Saeful Bahri Sakinatul Fatimah Simalango, N. T. H. Sri Rahayu Santi Sri Wahjuni Sri Wahjuni Tutut Hardikawati Wijaya, P. S. Wiwik Susana Rita WIWIK SUSANAH RITA Yenni Ciawi

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