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Pluralisme Pancasila Arqom Kuswanjono
Jurnal Filsafat "WISDOM" Vol 16, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Fakultas Filsafat, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jf.23217

Pluralism is the term which it has many difference meaning. Atthe same time, someone can accept and refuse pluralism accordingto that meaning. Secular humanism argues that there is no anAbsolute Truth, because the truth is depend on human. The truth issubjective and relative, so unity just can be built by secularism.Global theology offers a new theology that is global theology tounite the difference religions. Syncretism selected and mixedreligions become a new religion. Perennial Philosophy tries to findmeeting is understood as a framework of interaction in whichgroups show point of religions in the esoteric area. In the socialsciences, pluralism sufficient respect and tolerance of each other,that they fruitfully coexist and interact without conflict or assimilation.Pluralism as theory is a social construction. Indonesian can constructpluralism base on the values of Pancasila that are Goddess,humanity, unity, democracy and justice.

Sufistic Consciousness as A Foundation of Religious Well-Being in Ibn ‘Arabi’s Teaching to Understanding Existential Uncertainty Putra, Andri Azis; Kuswanjono, Arqom; Munir, Misnal
Jurnal Theologia Vol 32, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : The Faculty of Islamic Theology and Humanities, UIN Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2021.32.2.9456

Consciousness is one of the most vital states of human existence. One of its roles is to explain the context of life in the uncertainty of life itself. The most influential aspect of this means is the human fundamental religious state. This paper aimed to find clarity of humans’ consciousness and religious well-being relation and to obtain an existential ground for a progressive scheme for both subjects as well. This research will use a philosophical-hermeneutic approach with existential uncertainty as to its material object and Sufistic consciousness as the formal object. This research showed that human religious well-being can be used as Sufistic consciousness ground to adjust human existential dilemma. The scheme used is to determine the position of each divine theophany (tajalliy) element on its impact on the level of human psychological consciousness. Al-a'yan ats-tsabitah has taken a leading role in this research, especially in explaining the impossible and possible things for the human condition.

Theological Anthropocentrism: An Interpretation of Scripture and Semitic Theodicy in Overcoming the Environmental Crisis Nurul Huda; Kuswanjono, Arqom; Himmawan Utomo, Agus
Hayula: Jurnal Indonesia Studi Islam Multi-disiplin Vol 7 No 2 (2023): Hayula: Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Islamic Studies
Publisher : Laboratorium Prodi Pendidikan Agama Islam UNJ

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/hayula.007.02.03

This research aims to explore by offering theodicy as the basis for anthropocentric theology to purify God of all the bad images that occur creation of God, and theological criticism of the theocentric view which positions God with his absolute will to do anything, including creating and allowing environmental crises to occur also the anthropocentric opinion which positions humans with their free will has led to an environmental crisis. The contradiction of belief in God as the Most Perfect Essence with the fact that there is a problem of evil (imperfection) in creation of God that a perennial debate that has existed since the birth of these religions. These research method uses a literature review and data analysis using a qualitative hermentic approach. The results of the study describe the views of the Bible and the Qur'an about human freedom and present theodicy debates from traditional to modern in Christian and Islamic theology, about the role and ethics of humans towards nature or the environments. The results of the research are hoped it will become theological literacy or provide theological arguments for the need for human intervention to be fair, good, and true to the environment. Apart from being an implementation of faith in the Supreme Being, this intervention is also a human responsibility as a moral agent for protecting the environment.

Usury and The Hijrah from Ribā Movement in Indonesia: An Interpretative Phenomenological Inquiry Wasyith, Wasyith; Kuswanjono, Arqom; Dumairy, Dumairy
Economica: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam Vol 14, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam UIN Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/economica.2023.14.1.16084

Discussions about usury often spark long debates, as well as raise ambivalence. There has been a lot of literature highlighting the dynamics of this issue with various emphases. With the growing discourse on the establishment of Islamic economics in Indonesia, the Hijrah from Ribā movement originating from the grassroots is interesting to observe. However, there is still little literature that explores their personal world of experiences. This study seeks to understand how Islamic economic activists view usury. Three informants from the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) Indonesia were selected for this study to be interviewed in a semi-structured manner. Interview transcripts were reviewed qualitatively using the IPA (Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis) approach. Data analysis revealed five superordinate themes: (1) business as usual, (2) a turning point, (3) learning process and role of the MUI fatwa, (4) post-hijrah spiritual experience, and (5) creative action: beyond debate. The findings of this study demonstrate the complexity of the psycho-social economic dimension, which has been neglected and is often ignored in the realm of modern positivism culture, which assumes economic reality to be autonomous and deterministic. Some methodological notes were also put forward to provide another facet in the development of Islamic economics research.

Serat Kalatidha Sebagai Kritik Ronggowarsito Terhadap Paradigma Relativisme Yulianto, Mohammad Eka; Kuswanjono, Arqom; Utomo, Agus Himmawan
Ganaya : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Vol 8 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Jayapangus Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37329/ganaya.v8i1.3688

Truth is an issue that cannot be separated from all human actions in their lives. However, in line with the development of human thought, truth becomes an issue that continues to be questioned in line with its development by viewing truth from many perspectives that are relative to its truth. The existence of relative truth has consequences that place evil can also be viewed relatively, thus making humans victims of themselves. This study is an attempt to uncover historical objects in the form of literary works written by Ronggowarsito as the last Javanese poet, entitled Serat Kalatidha. This study is a library research using a philosophical approach in achieving local wisdom concepts that reveal the messages conveyed by Ronggowarsito whose lifetime was directly confronted with the Western paradigm of thought brought by European colonialists in order to control their colonies. The paradigm that causes problems in society is caused by how rationality is placed as the peak of human intellectuality, but on the other hand rationality is also the basis for the paradigm of secularism and relativism. Relativism is a paradigm based on realism in truth is a thought with forms of justification that limit the relative view to the worldly and material. This makes rationality open to being influenced by lust in making justifications that become human policies and actions. Ronggowarsito through his literary works, does not reject rationality, but is criticized and at the same time emphasized that rationality must be surpassed in order to avoid the influence of lust that traps relative morals and its 'justifications', as Javanese civilization has had the principle of absolute truth through an eling lan waspada attitude as an epistemological path to achieving awareness of the existence of spirituality in achieving the truth.

Perenialitas Kritis Sebagai Bentuk Evaluasi Atas Implementasi Spiritualitas Tentang Filsafat Nusantara: Critical Perennialism as a Form of Evaluation of the Implementation of Spirituality Regarding Nusantara Philosophy Kuswanjono, Arqom; Sahadewa, Ngurah Weda; Sukri, Ridwan Ahmad
Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Undiksha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jfi.v7i3.65334

The basic problem of this research is to explore perennial thought in the spirituality. Nusantara Philosophy as a big problem in the context of how to develop it. This research is an initiative to get the core of the thought must be evaluated. The Nusantara philosophy has a unique in order to solve the problem. Problem in the meaning of the Nusantara philosophy has a special purpose. The special purpose of Nusantara philosophy to solve the problem of life. The problem of life dilemma. Method of this research is critical constructive which is bring the Nusantara philosophy to the spirituality values. Firstly, the position of spirituality has to be flexible. It is a big problem for spirituality because flexibility it does not mean nothing. Secondly, flexibility is not becoming isolate of the truth in nature. Thirdly, to make an effort in order to construct the critical spirituality. Results of the research show about Nusantara Philosophy can be developed based on the spirituality which is understood to build the construction of reality of the nation culture. It is a big problem in the context of the Nusantara Philosophy because of the reality of scientific can be developed by a lot of methods. For that, it is important to know about how the spirituality can be a basic need in order to understand about the Nusantara Philosophy. It is important to understand based on culture. Therefore, firstly, critical perennial can create an important notion to the culture and secondly to give an opportunity in order to make a decision in the context of Nusantara philosophy.

Sir Francis Galton's Philosophy of Measurement Science and Its Relevance for the Development of the Psychometric Paradigm: Filsafat Ilmu Pengukuran Sir Francis Galton dan Relevansinya bagi Pengembangan Paradigma Psikometri Nugraha, Dwi Yan; Kuswanjono, Arqom
Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Undiksha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jfi.v7i3.69546

This article discusses the origins of the psychometric paradigm and its reliance on the notion that mental attributes can be measured. Galton's assumption that mental attributes can be discerned through definite actions in response to definite situations is misguided. This article highlights the ternary nature of causality, involving causes, effects, and specific causal fields. The same cause may not produce the same effect in different causal fields, and different causes may produce the same effect in different causal fields. The relationships between observable measures and aspects of character are unclear, and indirect indices of mental attributes are inherently ambiguous. This article focuses on Francis Galton's role in establishing these beliefs and argues that his reasoning was flawed and influenced by Pythagoras' philosophy of science and his desire to present eugenics as science. This paper aims to describe Sir Francis Galton's theory regarding the science of measurement and its relevance to psychometrics. Using the literature review method on various sources (scientific articles and textbooks) related to the topic of discussion. Overall, this article challenges the assumption that mental attributes are inherently quantitative and argues for a more nuanced understanding of measurement in psychometrics.

Theological Influences on Slaughter Techniques: Convergence and Divergence in Halal and Kosher Certification Prasetianti, Isnaeni Gelda; Kuswanjono, Arqom
Indonesian Journal of Interdisciplinary Islamic Studies (IJIIS) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Vol. 7, No. 2, December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijiis.vol7.iss2.art2

This study aims to analyze the influence of theology on the slaughter techniques applied in the two traditions, as well as to see how the differences and similarities in these religious teachings contribute to the development and application of halal and kosher certification in the food industry. The study uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method, which involves analyzing academic literature, fatwa documents, halal/kosher guidelines, and certification standards. The results show that both traditions share similarities in the use of sharp tools, thorough bloodletting, and respect for animal welfare, reflecting adherence to ethical and spiritual principles. However, there are fundamental differences, such as the prohibition of stunning in kosher, and the role of the shochet as a trained slaughterer in the Jewish tradition. Halal and kosher certification play an important role in ensuring adherence to religious principles amidst the challenges of mass production in the modern food industry. Despite these obstacles, both traditions continue to emphasize the balance between spiritual and ethical needs in food consumption, making the principles of animal welfare and food safety a top priority in maintaining the integrity of religious values in the modern era.

Constructing Meaning: The Role of Aristotelian Ethos, Pathos, and Logos Through a Neurosemantic Lens I. S. Mannesa, Muh. Nur Haq; Kuswanjono, Arqom
Jurnal Filsafat "WISDOM" Vol 35, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Filsafat, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jf.102028

This study integrates Aristotelian rhetoric (ethos, pathos, logos) with neurosemantics to examine meaning construction in the human brain. Using a conceptual analysis approach, it explores the neural mechanisms underlying ethos-, pathos-, and logos-based communication strategies. The findings indicate that integrating rhetorical elements with neurosemantics enhances communication effectiveness across various domains, including education, marketing, and political discourse. Ethos establishes credibility through the activation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), pathos fosters emotional engagement via the amygdala and insula, while logos strengthens logical reasoning through the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). This study also highlights practical applications in language therapy and neuroscience-based communication design to optimize message delivery.

Usury and The Hijrah from Ribā Movement in Indonesia: An Interpretative Phenomenological Inquiry Wasyith, Wasyith; Kuswanjono, Arqom; Dumairy, Dumairy
Economica: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam Vol. 14 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam UIN Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/economica.2023.14.1.16084

Discussions about usury often spark long debates, as well as raise ambivalence. There has been a lot of literature highlighting the dynamics of this issue with various emphases. With the growing discourse on the establishment of Islamic economics in Indonesia, the Hijrah from Ribā movement originating from the grassroots is interesting to observe. However, there is still little literature that explores their personal world of experiences. This study seeks to understand how Islamic economic activists view usury. Three informants from the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) Indonesia were selected for this study to be interviewed in a semi-structured manner. Interview transcripts were reviewed qualitatively using the IPA (Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis) approach. Data analysis revealed five superordinate themes: (1) business as usual, (2) a turning point, (3) learning process and role of the MUI fatwa, (4) post-hijrah spiritual experience, and (5) creative action: beyond debate. The findings of this study demonstrate the complexity of the psycho-social economic dimension, which has been neglected and is often ignored in the realm of modern positivism culture, which assumes economic reality to be autonomous and deterministic. Some methodological notes were also put forward to provide another facet in the development of Islamic economics research.

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