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Effects of Seasonal Transitions on Population Dynamics of Fruit Flies in Capsicum annuum and Solanum lycopersicum in Batu City, Indonesia Agustina, Dwi Kameluh; Leksono, Amin Setyo; Yanuwiadi, Bagyo; Rizali, Akhmad; Abdullah, Saiful Arif; Abdullah, Muhammad
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 17 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i1.14288

Abstract

Fruit flies remain a persistent threat to horticultural production, especially in tropical regions where seasonal shifts can significantly affect their population dynamics. This study investigated the species composition, diversity, and environmental drivers of fruit fly populations infesting Capsicum annuum and Solanum lycopersicum over a one-year period in Batu City, Indonesia. Using weekly sampling across four seasonal phases—dry-to-rainy transition, rainy season, rainy-to-dry transition, and dry season—fruit fly specimens were collected, reared, and identified. Environmental variables, including temperature, humidity, rainfall, light intensity, and pesticide application frequency, were monitored and analyzed in relation to fruit fly abundance using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and multiple linear regression. A total of four species were recorded: Bactrocera carambolae, Bactrocera dorsalis, Atherigona sp, and Silba sp, with the latter representing a new regional record for East Java. Population peaks occurred during the rainy season and its transitional periods, while significant declines were observed during the dry months. Regression models revealed that temperature and humidity supported population growth, whereas pesticide use had a consistently suppressive effect—particularly for B. dorsalis and Atherigona sp. However, the models explained only 20–50% of the variation, suggesting that additional ecological factors may be at play. These findings deepen our understanding of fruit fly ecology in tropical systems and highlight the importance of integrating climatic and agronomic data in pest management strategies. The discovery of Silba sp. further enriches current biogeographical knowledge and signals the need for adaptive, interdisciplinary approaches to sustainable pest control.
Standardizing Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE) of Coryphaena hippurus in the Southern Java Waters Using Generalized Additive Model (GAM) Mandhalika, Vianta; Semedi, Bambang; Sambah, Abu Bakar; Leksono, Amin Setyo
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 11 No 4 (2025): April
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v11i4.9970

Abstract

: Improving catch data through the standardization of catch per unit effort (CPUE) is crucial in providing accurate information for fish stock assessments. This study aims to develop a CPUE standardization model for dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) in the Southern Java Waters. The analysis is based on historical dolphinfish catch data collected between 2019 and 2023. Bias in the CPUE data was reduced using the generalized additive model (GAM) approach. The results indicate that all explanatory variables significantly influence CPUE standardization. The combination of fishing duration, location, and period parameters proved effective in standardizing CPUE. The GAM-based standardization method successfully reduced variability in nominal CPUE, producing more consistent data. These results can provide an essential scientific basis for developing a sustainable management strategy for the Indian Ocean dolphinfish.
Diversity of Grasshopper on Agricultural Land and Savana in Dompu Regency, Indonesia Khatimah, Ainul; Leksono, Amin Setyo; Yanuwiadi, Bagyo
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 10 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.03.06

Abstract

Grasshopper is one type of insect known as a plant pest that quite affects agricultural production. Grasshoppers also have benefits as natural predators and maintain ecological balance. One area where no research has been carried out on grasshopper diversity is Dompu Regency, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. This research was conducted at 4 locations in Dompu, including corn, ex-corn, intercropping, and Doroncanga agricultural land, by making four transects at each location. Grasshoppers were collected using the insect net, and hand collecting was carried out at 07.00 and 16.00 WITA. The environmental factors that were calculated were air temperature, light intensity, wind speed, and air humidity, while the biotic factors observed were plant vegetation at each location and predators. Data analysis was performed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, evenness index, dominance index, and Margalef index. The results of this study indicate that Dompu Regency has the potential for diversity of grasshoppers with moderate criteria where the diversity of grasshoppers is strongly influenced by plant vegetation and human treatment on agricultural land.
Water Quality Evaluation of Central Lombok Awang Bay Using Zooplankton Diversity as a Bioindicator Sagista, Reza; Leksono, Amin Setyo; Retnaningdyah, Catur
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2024.012.01.06

Abstract

The water quality in Awang Bay, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, is considered to be polluted due to human activities. This research aims to evaluate the water quality in Teluk Awang based on the physicochemical properties of water and zooplankton as bioindicators. Sampling was conducted at three beach locations: Awang, Ujung Kelor, and Ekas. The physicochemical water quality parameters measured included water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), salinity, and transparency. Additionally, environmental factors were observed based on the naturalness and hemeroby index. The result of the identification and counting of the abundance of each zooplankton can then be used to analyze including taxa richness, total density, the diversity index of Shannon-Wiener (HSW), Margalef diversity index, Simpson diversity index, evenness index (E), and dominance index (C). The resulting research indicated that the physicochemical water qualities have met government quality standards for marine biota needs, except for the level of transparency at Ekas Station 3. Ekas Beach has the highest level of transparency, diversity, taxa richness, and total abundance of zooplankton, indicating the best water quality. Ujung Kelor Beach, which has the highest level of naturalness and the highest DO concentration, has moderate zooplankton diversity, indicating that the water quality is in the medium category. Meanwhile, Awang Beach, which had the highest human activity and the worst water quality, was characterized by low levels of transparency and DO, low diversity, taxa richness, and an abundance of zooplankton. Therefore, diversity, taxa richness, and abundance of zooplankton can be used as a bioindicator for changes in water quality.
Evaluation of Water Quality Based on Macrozoobenthos as a Bioindicator in Ngesong Spring and the Ditch, Batu-East Java Susanto, Muhamad Azmi Dwi; Retnaningdyah, Catur; Leksono, Amin Setyo
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2024.012.01.04

Abstract

Ngesong Spring is a clean spring that is used by society as a spring of clean water and as a tourist attraction. The Ngesong spring has a ditch that flows to the society settlement, where the water is used for agricultural and plantation irrigation. The utilization of the Ngesong Spring as a tourist attraction and its ditch through agriculture, settlements, and society settlements has great potential to cause pollution and degradation of water quality, so it is necessary to evaluate water quality. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the quality of this water, one of which is the use of the macrozoobenthic community structure as a bioindicator. The research was conducted in four locations, namely, a water spring and the channels that will be used for agriculture, plantations, and settlement activities, in September and October 2022. The variables observed in this study included the physicochemical quality of the water, namely, the water temperature, conductivity, power of hydrogen (pH), dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and total suspended solids (TSS), as well as the community structure and macrozoobenthos diversity. The results of this study indicate that 26 macrozoobenthic families belong to 12 orders, for a total of 968 individuals. Water springs had the highest diversity and evenness index values, with H = 2.27 and E = 0.54. The analysis of macrozoobenthic family relationships as an indicator of water quality using the family biotic index (FBI) and average score per taxon (ASPT) showed that the watershed site has very clean water and no organic pollution. At watersheds with good water quality, the families Perlidae, Nemouridae, Limnephilidae, Viviparidae, Chironomidae, and Euphaeidae were found. Moreover, In this study, the locations that have highly organically polluted waters are ditches that have agricultural activities and settlement activities.
Environment Sustainability Development Engineering Through The Reduction of Exhaust Gas Based on Metal Waste With Accurate Composition Suheni, Suheni; Sunoko, Rudy; leksono, Amin Setyo; Wahyudi, Slamet
Jurnal Pembangunan dan Alam Lestari Vol. 16 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Pembangunan dan Alam Lestari
Publisher : Postgraduate School of Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpal.2025.016.02.09

Abstract

Technological developments have resulted in an increasing number of motorized vehicles such as motorbikes, cars, and other modes of transportation, which will result in a lot of air pollution due to exhaust emissions from fossil fuels. Substances from the hazardous exhaust gases include carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxides (NO or NOx), and hydrocarbons (HC). This research was conducted by designing a catalytic converter using a mixture of several metals obtained from various wastes in Small and Medium Enterprises. A mixture of copper, brass, aluminum, and zinc is to be made as a muffler or exhaust on the test vehicle, namely the 2005 Car with observed exhaust emissions, namely CO & HC, using a Gas Analyzer. Measurements were taken at vehicle rotation of 1000 rpm, 2000 rpm, 3000 rpm, 4000 rpm, and 5000 rpm. The results of this study indicate that the highest percentage reduction in CO levels was when using a catalyst with an engine speed of 2000 rpm, which was 5.23% with Pertamax fuel, while for Pertalite fuel, when using a catalyst with an engine speed of 2000 rpm, it was 5.5%. The highest percentage reduction in HC levels was when using a catalyst at 1000 rpm engine speed of 645 with Pertamax fuel, while for Pertalite fuel, using a catalyst at 1000 rpm engine speed was 705.5.   Keywords: Aluminium, Brass, Catalytic Converter, Copper, Gas Analyzer, Zinc
Enhancing Community Knowledge and Skills in Organic Farming and Natural Dyes for Ikat Weaving in Ensaid Panjang, Sintang, West Kalimantan Leksono, Amin Setyo; Mustafa, Irfan; Yanuwiadi, Bagyo; Turhadi, Turhadi; Afandhi, Aminudin; Zairina, Anisa
TRI DHARMA MANDIRI: Dissemination and Downstreaming of Research to the Community (Journal of Community Engagement) Vol 5 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : SMONAGENES Research Center, Univeritas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtridharma.2025.005.02.118

Abstract

This community service program aimed to analyze the level of knowledge and identify strategies for introducing organic farming and natural dye production technologies for ikat weaving among the Dayak community in Ensaid Panjang Village, Sintang, West Kalimantan. The program employed an action research method with a problem-based learning approach. The activities began with a community needs assessment, followed by the delivery of materials and information through lectures, simulations, demonstrations, and training sessions. A total of 52 participants took part in the program. Among them, several informants were selected based on their knowledge and expertise. The key informants included the head of Ensaid Panjang Village, the Betang customary elders, and representatives from the Ensaid Panjang community. The results showed that three leading indicators demonstrated significant improvement in participants’ understanding. These included enhanced community skills in producing natural dyes from local plants for ikat weaving, the ability to process organic fertilizers from household waste, garbage, and animal manure, as well as the strengthening of institutional roles that support the production and marketing of woven fabrics. The substantial increase in understanding indicated that this program successfully improved participants’ knowledge and skills. Overall, the average increase in community understanding and achievement was 11%, with a notable 51% increase in knowledge of composting specifically.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Pelaku Usaha Terhadap Kualitas Proses Produksi dan Penggunaan AI Untuk Pemasaran Produk Halal Leksono, Amin Setyo; Herawati, Herawati; Azrianingsih, Rodiyati
JURNAL PENGABDIAN PAPUA Vol 9 No 3 (2025)
Publisher : LPPM Uncen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31957/jpp.v9i3.4941

Abstract

A community service activity was carried out in Sukosari Village, Kasembon District, to improve the marketing of halal products. However, limited marketing processes have resulted in underdevelopment of food production by MSMEs. Therefore, this Community Service activity aims to improve the knowledge and skills of business actors in implementing Occupational Health and Safety, Clean Production, Marketing Strategies, and the benefits of antioxidants from Kasembon MSME food products. The methods used included location surveys, involving (Paguyuban Destinasi Usaha Kasembon) PADUKA, and continued with education and mentoring. This activity was attended by 10 participants consisting of business actors. Based on the results of the activity, it can be concluded that education/exposure increased the knowledge, motivation, and interest of participants in Kasembon MSMEs. With counseling and training, participants' knowledge and awareness increased. The results of this community service activity show that the knowledge and awareness of the community, especially business actors, regarding the importance of occupational safety, sanitation, marketing strategies and antioxidant content has increased through socialization activities, training, mentoring and monitoring and evaluation. MSMEs have realized the importance of improving marketing through various methods, including using AI (Artificial Intelligence).
Sosialisasi Pembuatan Pupuk Ramah Lingkungan Berbasis Sirkuler Ekonomi Untuk Menunjang Pertanian Ramah Lingkungan Berkelanjutan Parmawati, Rita; Leksono, Amin Setyo; Fajarwati, Prisca Kiki; Fajarwati, Santi Kusuma
Jurnal SOLMA Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. Hamka (UHAMKA Press)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/solma.v14i3.20774

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Penurunan produktivitas lahan akibat penggunaan pupuk dan pestisida sintetis secara berlebihan menjadi ancaman bagi ketahanan pangan nasional. Kabupaten Ngawi sebagai salah satu lumbung padi terbesar di Jawa Timur memiliki potensi besar untuk mengembangkan Pertanian Ramah Lingkungan Berkelanjutan (PRLB) guna menjaga ekosistem dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan petani. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan motivasi petani dalam mengadopsi PRLB melalui pemanfaatan pupuk organik lokal. Metode: Kegiatan dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan pendidikan masyarakat berupa sosialisasi, pelatihan, dan demonstrasi pembuatan pupuk organik berbasis eco-enzyme, Mikroorganisme Lokal (MOL), dan Biosaka dengan melibatkan partisipasi aktif kelompok tani. Hasil: Terdapat peningkatan signifikan pengetahuan petani mengenai konsep PRLB, keterampilan teknis dalam pembuatan pupuk organik, serta kesadaran untuk mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap pupuk kimia. Petani juga mulai memanfaatkan limbah organik rumah tangga dan pertanian sebagai bahan baku pupuk, yang berdampak pada efisiensi biaya usahatani dan keberlanjutan ekosistem pertanian. Kesimpulan: Kegiatan ini membuktikan bahwa pendekatan partisipatif melalui sosialisasi dan pelatihan efektif dalam mendukung penerapan PRLB di tingkat desa, dan untuk keberlanjutan disarankan adanya pendampingan rutin, pembentukan kelompok tani organik, serta sinergi dengan pemerintah daerah.