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MES surfactant-based liquid soaps added with eco-enzyme and pandan wangi leaf extract (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb) on physical-chemistry properties, and antibacterial activity," Riawati, Riawati; Mardiana, Diah; Srihardyastutie, Arie
JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia) Vol 9, No 2 (2024): JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia FKIP Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jkpk.v9i2.88856

Abstract

The growing demand for liquid soap has spurred innovations in soap formulations, particularly using methyl ester sulfonate (MES) as a surfactant base combined with natural ingredients like eco-enzyme and fragrant pandan leaf extract. This study aimed to determine the optimal liquid soap formulation by evaluating physicochemical properties and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The research was conducted in two stages. First, liquid soap was produced at different temperatures (20°C, 50°C, and 100°C) to identify the optimal temperature based on maximum lipase activity. In the second stage, various formulations were prepared, incorporating eco-enzyme and fragrant pandan leaf extract at the identified optimal temperature. The six formulations tested were: F1 (MES-based soap), F2 (20% eco-enzyme), F3 (15% eco-enzyme and 5% fragrant pandan leaf extract), F4 (10% eco-enzyme and 10% fragrant pandan leaf extract), F5 (5% eco-enzyme and 15% fragrant pandan leaf extract), and F6 (20% fragrant pandan leaf extract). The formulations were assessed for lipase activity, pH, density, and viscosity. The most effective formulation was further tested for antibacterial activity using the disc diffusion method with six treatments, including MES-based soap and controls. Statistical analysis using One-Way ANOVA revealed that adding eco-enzyme and fragrant pandan leaf extract significantly affected the soap's properties. The optimal formulation, containing 5% eco-enzyme and 15% fragrant pandan leaf extract, exhibited a lipase activity of 15,778 U/mL, a pH of 5.02, a density of 1.06 g/mL, a viscosity of 3.59 cP, and an antibacterial zone of 37.22 mm, making it the best candidate for further development
Koefisien Difusi Ion Fosfat dalam Gel Asam Sitrat-Agarosa yang Digunakan dalam Gradien Difusif pada Sampler Pasif Film Tipis (DGT) An-Nufuus, Digwanggi Arum Tazkiyatu; Rumhayati, Barlah; Fardiyah, Qonitah; Mardiana, Diah; Andayani, Ulfa; Dinira, Layta
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 9 No 8 (2023): August
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v9i8.3593

Abstract

In this research, the diffusion coefficient of phosphate ions in agarose-citric acid diffusive gel has been studied. The agarose-citric acid diffusion layer was prepared by mixing 1.5% agarose solution with the addition of citric acid solutions at various concentration. The diffusive gel was casted between two glass plates which were separated using a spacer of 0.1 cm thickness and clamped together in the three sides. Gel was formed for 15 minutes in an oven at 40oC. The diffusion coefficient then was calculated using Fick's First law formula. Gel that produced with addition of 0.45% citric acid absorbed more water during immersion in water for 3 hours for facilitating phosphate diffusion. Swelling degree of the agarose citric acid diffusive gels was not affected by the storing solution condition either in water or in NaNO3 0.1 M. Coefficient diffusion of phosphate in the agarose-citric acid diffusive gel was 1.009×10-7 cm2s-1, less than the diffusion in the pure agarose gel 1.367×10-7 cm2s-1. The diffusion is affected by the ionic strength of solution. Phosphate diffusion coefficient is higher in the phosphate solution with addition of 2 mgL-1 nitrate. Increasing the ionic strength causes lower phosphate diffusion coefficient because the electrostatic attractive and repulsive force
Battery Performance Analysis of Solar Cell Powered Water Purification System: Case Study of Indonesian Army Polytechnic in Batu - East Java Hidayat, Muhammad Iman; Mardiana, Diah; Srihardyastutie, Arie; Komara, Acep Nana
Jurnal Pembangunan dan Alam Lestari Vol. 16 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Pembangunan dan Alam Lestari
Publisher : Postgraduate School of Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpal.2025.016.02.07

Abstract

A solar cell-powered water purification system (SC-WPS) was developed and installed to generate clean water using renewable energy at the Polytechnic of the Indonesian Army (POLTEKAD). Developed and implemented using renewable energy from a 100 Wp solar panel, a solar cell-powered water purification system (SC-WPS) was designed to address this issue. The battery performance of the system is the primary focus of this work, encompassing battery discharge, state of charge (SOC), and key electrical parameters such as voltage, current, power, and solar irradiation data. Under test, the solar panel generated up to 495.7 Wh/day with a peak power of 93.28 W. Although the voltage remained between 12.78 V and 12.84 V, the battery depletion process showed stability; the total energy generated increased from 92.2 Wh in the first hour to 766.1 Wh by the tenth hour. Although the solar panel efficiency of the system peaked at 15.2%, factors such as uneven sunshine and energy loss caused it to decline over time. These results underscore the need to maximize battery capacity and solar panel efficiency to ensure continuous system operation for water purification in areas with varying sunshine levels. Keywords: battery performance, clean water, energy efficiency, Solar cell