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Formulasi dan Aktivitas Tablet Kunyah Carica papaya L. dan Morinda citrifolia L sebagai Hepatoprotektor selama pengobatan Tuberculosis (TBC) Sunarni, Titik; Prastiwi, Rini; Kuncahyo, Ilham; Mardiyono, .; Rinanto, Yudi
JFIOnline | Print ISSN 1412-1107 | e-ISSN 2355-696X Vol 6, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Research Gateway

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (473.28 KB)

Formulation of chewable tablets of ethanolic extracts of Carica papaya L leaves and Morinda citrifolia L fruits and investigation of the activity towards liver damage induced by tuberculosis drugs has been performed. The rats were devide into six groups. The normal control without any treatment, negatif control were given INH 10 mg/200g-RIF 10 mg/200g, positif control were given INH-RIF and methicol, and the treatment group were given INH-RIF with chewable tablets of papaya extracts 120mg/200g and morinda extracts 20mg/200g of three tablets formula with PVP 1%, 3% and 5%. Each group were treated every day for 27 days. The measuring to monitor bilirubin serum, ALT and AST levels on 0,14th, 21st and 28th day. The study showed that the group that given chewable tablets of combination of papaya extract 120mg/200g and morinda extract 20mg/200g can prevent the occurrence of liver necrosis with necrosis value of 19,92% (PVP 3%) and 19,90 (PVP1%), compared to the negative control of 41.78% as well as reducing the value of ALT, AST and bilirubin. The tablet formula that can be received on the best of taste and most effective as hepatoprotektor is the chewable tablet with PVP 3%.Keywords : Hepatoprotector, Carica papaya L., Morinda citrifolia L., Isoniazid, Rifampicin

THE RECRUITMENT PROCESS OF THE HEAD OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT BY POLITICAL PARTIES IN MALANG RAYA REGION Budhy Prianto; Dwi Suharnoko; Mardiyono
Journal Ilmu Sosial, Politik, dan Ilmu Pemerintahan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2018): (8)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Palangka Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (552.682 KB)

Direct regional head elections are in the process of recruiting leaders in regions that can guarantee the representation of local people through a democratic process. In this process, theoretically and constitutionally political parties have important and strategic roles and functions. Unfortunately, the oligarchic practice that engulfed almost all political parties has internally and externally recognized the basic principles of democracy in the process of recruiting prospective leaders in the region. The democratic process is only procedural, not substantial. So far it is strongly suspected that the process of regional head elections is more colored by transactional politics. This paper aims first, to obtain an overview of the recruitment process of candidates by political parties in the regional head elections in the Malang Raya region. Second, to obtain a description that is the power of money not only in choosing candidates for the regional head, but also able to lull constituents and voters in determining the choice of regional heads. Third, to obtain an explanation of the impact of the transactional political process and the use of the power of money as well as the impact on the relationship between political parties and their constituents in the Malang Raya region.

The Effectiveness of Acupressure and Warm Foot Soak Hydrotherapy on Increasing Muscle Strength and Range of Motion among Non-Hemorrhagic Stroke Patients Lalu Rian Setiawan Setiawan; Mardiyono; Aris Santjaka
International Journal of Nursing and Health Services (IJNHS) Vol. 4 No. 4 (2021): International Journal of Nursing and Health Services (IJHNS)
Publisher : Alta Dharma Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35654/ijnhs.v4i4.486

The decreasing function of the upper and lower extremities is a frequent complication in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients who experience hemiparesis. The study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of acupressure, and warm foot soak hydrotherapy on increasing muscle strength and range of motion among non-hemorrhagic stroke patients. The Randomized control trial (RCT) was applied in this study. We select the samples using simple random sampling with 30 respondents. The data was analyzed using Paired t-test and an Independent t-test to determine the mean difference among the experimental and control groups. Independent t-test showed no significant difference p value >0.05 that the intervention and control groups were equally effective in increasing muscle strength and range of motion of the upper and lower extremities. However, the difference in the mean increase in muscle strength and range of motion in the intervention group was higher than in the control group. Acupressure with a warm foot soak hydrotherapy effectively increased muscle strength and range of motion of the upper extremities with the lower extremities in non-hemorrhagic post-stroke patients.

The Effect of Nanoparticles Turmeric Consumption (Curcuma Domestica Val) on Blood Pressure and Lipid Profile in Hypertension Patients with Hypercholesterolemia Daryanti Daryanti; Rr. Sri Endang Pujiastuti; Mardiyono
International Journal of Nursing and Health Services (IJNHS) Vol. 4 No. 5 (2021): International Journal of Nursing and Health Services (IJHNS)
Publisher : Alta Dharma Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35654/ijnhs.v4i5.487

Introduction: The main risk factors for blood pressure disease are hypertension, smoking, and elevated cholesterol. Irregularities in lifestyle and lifestyle cause health problems that can cause death, such as hypertension. Objective: The study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the giving nanoparticles turmeric consumption on blood pressure and lipid profile in hypertension patients with hypercholesterolemia. Methods: This study applied the true experiment, pretest-posttest design with a non-equivalent control group design. Data collection involved 42 respondents with a medical diagnosis of hypertension with hypercholesterolemia, selected through a probability sampling technique with a method of simple random sampling, divided into two groups of 21 respondents each. Data analysis using Paired t-test and independent t-test. Results: Independent t-test showed a significant difference p value <0.05 that the intervention group is better in reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides compared with the control group. Conclusion: Consumption of turmeric nanoparticles (Curcuma Domestica Val) is effective in lowering blood pressure and lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides) in hypertension patients with hypercholesterolemia

Pemanfaatan Mikroba Jamur untuk Mengatasi Pencemaran Logam Berat Berbahaya pada Limbah Cair Industri Pelapisan Logam Nony Puspawati; Mardiyono Mardiyono; Argoto Mahayana
Biomedika Vol 7 No 2 (2014): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menurunkan kadar logam berat dalam limbah cair industri pelapisan logam menggunakan berbagai macam mikroba seperti jamur dan bakteri. Hasil penelitian tahun pertama menunjukkan bahwa Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhizopus oryzae, Aspergillus niger, dan Monilia sitophila dapat menurunkan kadar logam berat, termasuk logam berat nikel dan krom di dalam limbah cair industri pelapisan logam. Rhizopus oryzae dapat menurunkan kadar Nikel hingga 29,664%, sementara Monilia sitophila dapat menurunkan kadar Nikel hingga 24,167%. Sedangkan Saccharomyces cerevisiae dapat menurunkan kadar Krom sebesar 50,270% dan Aspergillus niger dapat menurunkan sebesar 48,039%. Pada penelitian tahun kedua, peneliti merancang sebuah Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) untuk mengolah limbah cair industri tekstil tersebut. Pengolahan limbah cair di dalam IPAL tersebut merupakan hasil dari penelitian tahun pertama dengan menggunakan jamur Rhizopus oryzae dan Monilia sitophila untuk menurunkan logam berat Nikel, sedangkan Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan Aspergillus niger digunakan untuk mereduksi logam berat Krom dalam limbah cair industri pelapisan logam. Hasil penelitian tahun kedua menunjukkan bahwa pengolahan limbah cair menggunakan IPAL dan mikroba jamur dapat mengurangi kadar logam berat Nikel dan Krom. Penurunan kadar logam berat Nikel paling banyak adalah sebesar 25,81% dengan penambahan 150 mL dan 25,67% dengan penambahan 200 mL jamur Rhizopus oryzae, diikuti dengan Monilia sitophila dimana kadar penurunannya sebesar 19,28% pada penambahan 200 mL. Sedangkan penurunan kadar logam berat Krom paling banyak sebesar 43,66% dengan penambahan 200 mL Saccharomyces cerevisiae, diikuti dengan Aspergillus niger dengan kadar penurunan sebesar 43,29% pada penambahan 200 mL.

Perubahan Kadar Logam Berat Krom (Cr) pada Limbah Cair Industri Elektroplating Pasca Penambahan Bakteri Pseudomonas aeroginosa dan Pseudomonas fluorescens Mardiyono Mardiyono; Agung Samsumaharto
Biomedika Vol 8 No 1 (2015): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Industri elektroplating merupakan penghasil limbah logam berat yang dihasilkan terutama dari proses pelapisannya. Logam-logam berat ini jika dibuang langsung ke perairan bebas akan menyebabkan pencemaran air. Penelitian ini bertujuan menurunkan/menghilangkan logam berat krom (Cr) pada limbah cair industri elektroplating dengan cara mengolahnya menggunakan bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Pseudomonas fluorescens, sebelum limbah cair industri elektroplating tersebut dibuang ke perairan bebas. Langkah pertama pada penelitian ini adalah melakukan analisis kualitatif untuk memastikan adanya logam-logam berat yang terdapat pada limbah cair industri elektroplating dengan metode reaksi kimia maupun dengan spektrofotometri serapan atom (SSA). Hasil analisa kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa pada limbah cair industri elektroplating positif mengandung logam Cr. Penurunan atau penghilangan logam berat Cr pada limbah cair industri elektroplating dilakukan di laboratorium dengan menambahkan mikroba jenis bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Pseudomonas fluorescens. Kadar logamlogam berat sebelum dan sesudah diberi perlakuan dengan penambahan mikroba ditetapkan dengan metode spektrofotometri serapan atom (SSA). Setelah penambahan bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Pseudomonas fluorescens dengan variasi volume 0 ml, 5 ml, 10 ml, 15 ml, dan 20 ml; dan waktu pemeraman 72 jam (3 hari), maka diperoleh persentase penurunan paling baik untuk Cr dengan penambahan Pseudomonas fluorescens 20 ml, prosentase penurunannya 27,40%.

Perubahan Kadar Lemak Telur Asin Pasca Pemeraman dengan Variasi Komposisi Media Serbuk Bata Merah dan Limbah Serbuk Gergaji Nur Hidayati; Mardiyono Mardiyono
Biomedika Vol 8 No 2 (2015): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Telur asin dibuat dari telur itik melalui proses pengasinan, telur asin ini banyak disukai oleh masyarakat, tua maupun muda, pada bagian kuning telur asin banyak mengandung lemak, kuning telur itik mengandung lemak 35%. Lemak dalam kuning telur terdiri atas LDL, dan VLDL yang cukup berbahaya bagi tubuh yang dapat mengakibatkan peningkatan kadar kolesterol plasma dan risiko penyakit jantung koroner. Pada pembuatan telur asin biasanya digunakan media bubuk bata merah dan abu gosok.Based on the results occur with fat content decreased the average fat content of the egg before salting (X) is36,26%, salted eggs in the market (Y) 35,89%. Average fat content in processed salted eggs with red bricks mediacomposition variations and sawdust respectively is a type of salted egg (Z) 35,79%, (A) 28,65%; (B) 26,21% and22,77% (C). The highest fat levels percentage decrease on the composition of red bricks media: sawdust : salt (C) is4 : 4 : 2 is 37,20%.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan kadar lemak pada kuning telur asin pasca pemeramandengan variasi komposisi media bata merah, serbuk gergaji dan garam dapur. Sebagai kontrol digunakan telur itikmentah dan telur asin yang dijual dipasaran. Lemak pada kuning telur asin dipisahkan dengan pelarut eter melaluiekstraksi Soxhlet, selanjutnya kadar lemak ditentukan dengan metode Thermogravimetri.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terjadi penurunan kadar lemak dengan rerata kadar lemak telur sebelum pengasinan(X) adalah 36,26 %, telur asin di pasaran (Y) 35,89 %. Rerata kadar lemak pada telur asin hasil olahan dengan variasikomposisi media bata merah dan serbuk gergaji berturut turut adalah jenis telur asin (Z) 35,79 %, (A) 28,65 %; (B)26,21 % dan (C) 22,77 %. Prosentase penurunan kadar lemak tertinggi pada komposisi media bata merah : gergaji :garam (C) = 4 : 4 : 2 yaitu 37,20 %

Pemanfaatan Scrap Besi Menjadi Copperas dan Ekstrak Kulit Rambutan untuk Pembuatan Nanopartikel Besi yang Ramah Lingkungan Sunardi Sunardi; Mardiyono Mardiyono; Nur Hidayati
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 20, No 3 (2022): July 2022
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jil.20.3.494-507

Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, pembuatan nanopartikel besi telah menjadi perhatian karena efisiensinya pada penghilangan beberapa jenis zat pencemar. Zat-zat pencemar yang dapat diolah dengan nanopartikel besi antara lain senyawa azo, pelarut terklorinasi, pestisida terklorinasi, anion anorganik dan logam transisi, polutan organik dan anorganik, logam berat, nitrat, bromida, arsen, kromium, timbal, antibiotik, dan pewarna. Pada umumnya, pembuatan nanopartikel besi dilakukan dengan mereduksi besi bermuatan tiga/dua dengan natrium tetra borana, NaBH4. Pembuatan nnanopartikel besi menggunakan NaBH4 menghasilkan produk samping berupa asam borat yang beracun dan gas hidrogen yang mudah meledak atau terbakar. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat nanopartikel besi dengan memanfaatkan limbah scrap besi menjadi copperas kemudian mereaksikan dengan ekstrak kulit rambutan. Metode yang dilakukan adalah mereaksikan scrap besi dengan asam sulfat sampai terbentuk copperas yang berwarna biru kehijauan. Copperas yang dihasilkan dibuat menjadi larutan kemudian direksikan dengan ekstrak kulit rambutan. Larutan hitam yang dihasilkan dikarakterisasi dengan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis dan TEM. Larutan berwarna hitam dikeringkan dengan cara spray drying kemudian serbuk nanopartikel besi dikarakterisasi dengan XRD, FTIR, dan SEM-EDX. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa scrap besi dapat dibuat menjadi copperas dengan kadar Fe 22,09%. Ekstrak kulit rambutan mengandung kadar fenol total 877,39 ± 16,6 ppm/100 g kulit rambutan atau setara dengan 441,42 mg GAE/100 g kulit rambutan. Nanopartikel besi berhasil dibuat dari copperas dari scrap besi dan ekstrak kulit rambutan yang mempunyai karakter Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) pada serapan 214 nm, ukuran partikel 5-20 nm dalam bentuk larutan dan 20-70 nm dalam bentuk serbuk. Hasil ini bisa menjadi alternatif produksi nanopartikel besi suatu material bermanfaat untuk mencegah terjadinya pencemaran lingkungan. ABSTRACTIn recent years, the manufacture of iron nanoparticles has become a concern because of its efficiency in removing several types of contaminants. Pollutants that can be treated with iron nanoparticles include azo compounds, chlorinated solvents, chlorinated pesticides, inorganic anions and transition metals, organic and inorganic pollutants, heavy metals, nitrates, bromides, arsenic, chromium, lead, antibiotics, and dyes. In general, the manufacture of iron nanoparticles is carried out by reducing three/two charged iron with sodium tetra borane, NaBH4. The manufacture of iron nanoparticles using NaBH4 produces toxic by-products in the form of boric acid and hydrogen gas which is flammable or explosive. This study aims to make iron nanoparticles by utilizing scrap iron waste into copperas then reacting it with rambutan peel extract. The method used is to react iron scrap with sulfuric acid to form copperas which is blue-green in color. The resulting copperas were made into a solution and then treated with rambutan peel extract. The resulting black solution was characterized by UV-Vis Spectrophotometry and TEM. The black solution was dried by spray drying and then the powdered iron nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDX. The results showed that iron scrap can be synthesized into ferrous sulfate with 22.09% Fe content. Rambutan peel extract contains a total phenol content of 877.39 ± 16.6 ppm/100 g rambutan peel or equivalent to 441.42 mg GAE/100 g rambutan peel. Iron nanoparticles were successfully made from copperas from iron scrap and rambutan peel extract with the characteristics of having Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) at an absorption of 214 nm, particle size of 5-20 nm in solution form and 20-70 nm in powder form. This result can be an alternative for the production of iron nanoparticles, a useful material to prevent environmental pollution.

The Recruitment Process of the Head of Local Government by Political Parties In Malang Raya Region Budhy Prianto; Dwi Suharnoko; Mardiyono
Journal Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Pemerintahan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2018): JISPAR
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Palangka Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37304/jispar.v7i2.968

Direct regional head elections are in the process of recruiting leaders in regions that can guarantee the representation of local people through a democratic process. In this process, theoretically and constitutionally political parties have important and strategic roles and functions. Unfortunately, the oligarchic practice that engulfed almost all political parties has internally and externally recognized the basic principles of democracy in the process of recruiting prospective leaders in the region. The democratic process is only procedural, not substantial. So far it is strongly suspected that the process of regional head elections is more colored by transactional politics. This paper aims first, to obtain an overview of the recruitment process of candidates by political parties in the regional head elections in the Malang Raya region. Second, to obtain a description that is the power of money not only in choosing candidates for the regional head, but also able to lull constituents and voters in determining the choice of regional heads. Third, to obtain an explanation of the impact of the transactional political process and the use of the power of money as well as the impact on the relationship between political parties and their constituents in the Malang Raya region.

Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) dan Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) sebagai Hepatoprotektif selama Pengobatan Tuberkulosis TITIK SUNARNI; RINI PRASTIWI; MARDIYONO MARDIYONO; YUDI RINANTO
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 11 No 2 (2013): JIFI
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (321.614 KB)

Hepatoprotective activity of Morinda citrifolia L. fruits and Carica papaya L. leaves ethanolic extract have been investigated in antituberculosis-induced rats. Forty rats were divided into following eight groups: normal control group was treated with normal feed and water; negative control group was treated with isoniazid and rifampicin, positive control group was treated with isoniazid, rifampicin and Methicol®, and the last five groups were treated with isoniazid, rifampicin and combination of M. citrifolia L. fruits and C. papaya L. leaves extract on various doses. All groups were treated daily for 27 days. Serum levels of bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as well as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were determined on day -0, 14, 21 and 28 to monitor the liver function. All rats were sacrified on day-28 for liver histology observation. Combination of M. citrifolia extract 20 mg/200 g bw and C. papaya extract 120 mg/200 g bw significantly decreased the serum level of ALT, AST as well as bilirubin. The histology study showed that this combination could prevent the liver damaged based on the lower percentage of necrosis (27.83%), as compared to that of negative control (47.47%).

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