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All Journal Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Berkala Penelitian Agronomi CORD Buletin Palma

Ismail Maskromo

Balai Penelitian Tanaman Palma, Manado

Author-ID : 317385

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Library & Information Science

Published : 9 Documents Claim Missing Document

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Lampanah Local Tall-A High Yielding Variety for Replanting Coconut in Tsunami Affected Aceh Province Area Novarianto, Hengky; Maskromo, Ismail; Tulalo, Meity A.; Kumaunang, Jeanette; Mawardi, Sukmawati; Sulistyowati, Emy
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 33 No 2 (2017): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Aceh province is one of major coconut producing areas in Indonesia. In 2013 coconut areas in Aceh province was 107,654 ha in which total production of copra was equivalent to 63,743 tons. The entire coconut area in Aceh belong to smallholders. The coconut production in this area began to decrease in 2005 by an average of 9 percent per year, which was mainly caused by the tsunami. This had resulted in damage to many crops. Efforts to increase production and productivity of coconut plantation in Aceh needed rejuvenation of the old or unproductive coconut palms with the use of seeds of improved quality. Based on the results of the research conducted during 2014-2016, it is known that the origin of the Lampanah tall is passed from generation to generation and is a native of coconut in Aceh Besar Regent, Aceh Province. The morphology of Lampanah tall coconut comprising of the crown of leaves, stems, flowers and fruits in general is quite uniform. Of the data on the 23 quantitative characters, all have a value of coefficient of variance below 20%, except the character of 11 leaf scars obtained 23.29%. In the case of polar girth, Lampanah tall coconut is generally greater than the equatorial girth, fruit shape classified as round, egg-shaped and elliptic. The seednut of Lampanah tall generally round shape. The Lampanah tall coconut has the number of bunches at 13.35/palm and the number of fruit at 9.25 fruits/bunch or an average of 138 fruits/palm/ year. Fresh coconut meat weight is 449 g/nut or approximately 224 g copra/nut and the potential for copra production was 30.97 kg/palm/year or 3.80 tons of copra/ha/year. The fat content of Lampanah tall coconut was 66.40%, the water content of copra approximately 3.42% and protein at approximately 6.81%. Total saturated fatty acids was at 94.27%, medium chain saturated fatty acids at 67.21% and lauric acid content at 46.50%. The seed source of Lampanah tall coconut has been a selection of as much as 72 Selected Mother Palms (MAS) from a total of 407 palms of the High Yielding Block. The selected population is characterised with traits like copra yield more than 2.0 ton/ha/year, free from attack pests and diseases, number of bunch more than 12 per year, total nuts more than 7/bunch and weight of meat more than 400 g/nut. The MAS of Lampanah tall whole coconut has been marked using GPS. The Aceh government will build a minimum of 5 ha Coconut tall Seed Gardens on government land, as the development of source of Lampanah tall seednuts. Based on the above results, it can be concluded that the Lampanah tall coconut with plenty of nuts, at an average of 138 nuts per palm could be released as one of the national high yielding coconut.

Pollen Dispersal and Pollination Patterns Studies in Pati Kopyor Coconut using Molecular Markers Larekeng, Siti Halimah; Maskromo, Ismail; Purwito, Agus; Matjik, Nurhayati Anshori; Sudarsono, S.
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 31 No 1 (2015): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Parentage analysis has been used to evaluate pollen dispersal in Kopyor coconut (Cocos nucifera L.). Investigations were undertaken to elucidate (i) the dispersal of pollen, (ii) the rate of self and out-crossing pollination, and (iii) the distance of pollen travel in Pati kopyor coconut population. The finding of this activities should be beneficial to kopyor coconut farmers to increase their kopyor fruit harvest and to support breeding of this unique coconut mutant. As many as 84 progenies were harvested from 15 female parents. As many as 95 adults coconut provenances surrounding the female parents were analyses as the potential male parents for the progenies. The adult coconut palms were mapped according to their GPS position. All samples were genotyped using six SSR and four SNAP marker loci. Parentage analysis was done using CERVUS version 2.0 software. Results of the analysis indicated that evaluated markers were effective for assigning candidate male parents to all evaluated seedlings. There is no specific direction of donated pollen movement from assigned donor parents to the female ones. The donated pollens could come from assigned male parents in any directions relative to the female parent positions. Cross pollination occured in as many as 82.1% of the progenies analyzed. Outcrossing among tall by tall (TxT), dwarf by dwarf (DxD), hybrid by hybrid (HxH), TxD, DxT, TxH, DxH, and HxD were observed. Self-pollination (TxT and DxD) occurred in as many as 17.9% of the progenies. The dwarf coconut was not always self pollinated. The presence of DxD, TxD, and HxD outcrossing was also observed. The donated pollens could come from pollen donor in a range of at least 0-58 m apart from the evaluated female recipients. Therefore, in addition to the wind, insect pollinators may have played an important role in Kopyor coconut pollination.

Production Technology for Kopyor Coconut Seednuts and Seedlings in Indonesia Novarianto, Hengky; Maskromo, Ismail; Sudarsono, S.
International Coconut Community Journal Vol 30 No 2 (2014): CORD
Publisher : International Coconut Community

Kopyor coconut is a naturally-occurring mutant having fluffy solid endosperm in stead of the normal one. Similar type of coconut has been found in several other Asian countries, with their distinct local names, such as Macapuno (Philippines), Makhrao Kathi (Thailand), Dikiri Pol (Sri Lanka), Thairu Thengai (India). It is a delicacy coconut to Indonesian and sells as much as ten times higher than normal coconut. In nature, three types of kopyor coconut exist in Indonesia: kopyor tall, kopyor dwarf, and kopyor hybrid. There are three kopyor dwarf varieties (‘Pati Kopyor Green Dwarf’, ‘Kopyor Yellow Dwarf’ and ‘Kopyor Brown Dwarf’) officially released, and one registered tall variety (‘Puan Kalianda Kopyor Tall’). In general, kopyor fruit yield under natural conditions is only < 25% of the total harvested fruits for both the tall and the dwarf types. Traditionally, Indonesian farmers harvest kopyor fruits at ten months after pollination while normal fruits at 11 months. They use the harvested normal fruits for propagation; but cannot guarantee whether or not they would produce korpyor fruit. Adoption of kopyor seedling production through embryo culture has been done. However, the seedling production is slow, while the price is very expensive, thus unaffordable to common farmers. Indonesian Palm Research Institute and Bogor Agricultural University have collaborated to develop alternative approaches to increase kopyor fruit production through the production of seedling that would ensure to produce korpyor fruit through control pollination. Initiated since 2010, the activities successfully overcome uncertainty in kopyor seedling production. Moreover, hybridization among local superior coconut varieties and known kopyor one have been done to broaden genetic background of kopyor trait and to develop breeding population for new kopyor varieties in the future. Overview and update of research progress on korpyor in Indonesia are presented in this paper.

Co-Authors Agus Purwito Ahmad Thoriq Asep Setiawan Budi Santosa Budi Santosa Darmawan Hidayat, Darmawan Dewi Sukma Diny Dinarti Donata S Pandin Drupadi Ciptaningtyas ELSJE T. TENDA, ELSJE T. Elsje Tenda Emy Sulistyowati ENGELBERT MANAROINSONG, ENGELBERT Fahrizi, Ahmad Luthfi Fatsan, Ahmad Hengky Novarianto Hosang, Meldy JEANETTE KUMAUNANG, JEANETTE Mahayu, Weda Makarti Masrukan Masrukan Matjik, Nurhayati Anshori Mawardi, Sukmawati Megayani Sri Rahayu MEITY A. TULALO, MEITY A. Miftahorrachman, nFN Miftahorrachman, nFn Nanda, Muhammad Achirul Nugroho Utomo Pradhana, Adhitya Yudha Pratopo, Lukito Hasta RINDENGAN BARLINA, RINDENGAN Romadhon, Muhammad Roiyan S. Sudarsono Santosa, Budi SITI HALIMAH LAREKENG, SITI HALIMAH Steivie Karouw Sudarsono Sudarsono, dan SUKENDAH SUKENDAH, SUKENDAH Tenda, Elsje Tineke Tulalo, Meity Aneke WEDA MAKARTI MAHAYU, WEDA MAKARTI

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