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Journal : JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA

Efek Kondisi Lingkungan Kultur terhadap Produksi Amilase Termostabil oleh Bacillus sphaericus AK-1 Tanah Api Kayangan Bojonegoro Jawa Timur Achmad Toto Poernomo; Isnaeni Isnaeni
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 4 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Farmasi dan Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (257.123 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v4i12017.27-33

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Produksi amilase telah diteliti menggunakan bakteri yang diisolasi dari tanah Api Kayangan Bojonegoro Jawa Timur. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi dan identifikasi bakteri dan menggetahui efek kondisi kultur pada aktivitas amilase. Metode: Bakteri dikulturkan pada media yang mengandung pati terlarut sebagai sumber karbon tunggal. Penambahan kalsium (15 mM) atau ekstrak yeast (0,5%) dan pepton (2%) ke media pati terlarut dan mineral akan mengurangi waktu fase lag dan memperpanjang pertumbuhan dan produksi amilase. Pemberian glukosa pada kultur mengurangi produksi amilase, sehingga menunjukkan bahwa efek glukosa berpengaruh pada organisme ini. Hasil: pH media awal dan suhu optimum pada produksi amilase oleh organisme masing-masing 7,0 dan 50°C. Suhu dan pH optimal untuk aktivitas masing-masing 50°C dan 6,0. Larutan  enzim dipertahankan aktivitasnya 100% saat diinkubasi pada suhu 90°C selama satu jam dan 40% pada suhu 60°C selama 24 jam. Kesimpulan: Pemberian glukosa pada kultur akan menurunkan produksi amilase.
Validation of Thin-Layer Chromatography-Bioautographic Method for Determination of Streptomycin Isnaeni Isnaeni; Andri Astuti; Muhammad Yuwono
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 4 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Farmasi dan Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (182.375 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v4i12017.34-38

Abstract

Background: A simple bio-assay for determination of streptomycin hyphenated with planar chromatography techniques was developed. Objective: This study aims to validate the method for identification and determination of streptomycin in injection preparations with TLC-bioautography. Methods: Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) was performed on the silica Gel GF-254 using KH2PO4 solution as mobile solvent. The visualization was performed by spraying 2% resorcinol. Direct bi autography was developed using Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 as a bacterial test, grown on the nutrient agar medium at 37oC for 24 hours. The method was validated corresponding to linearity, limit of detection (LOD), intra day precision, and accuracy parameters. The accuracy was measured using streptomycin injection as a sample. Results: The Results showed that the KH2PO4 solution at 7.5% concentration was found to be the optimized solvent with Rf value of 0.5. The linear equation was y = 10.176x + 4.046 at 150 - 350 µg/mL concentration range with the linearity coefficient, Limit of Detection, accuracy, and variation coefficient were 0.9907; 40 ppm; 96.37 + 2.22% (with an RSD value of 2.31%); and 1.63 respectively. Conclusion: The prospective TLC-bioautographic method was applied for the identification and determination of streptomycin in a preparation using a single eluent KH2PO4. The eluent system optimization remains necessary for the identification and determination of the mixture of streptomycin with other antibiotics, such as aminoglycoside groups.
Inhibitory Activity of Levofloxacin against MDR Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates Lisa Nathalie; Lindawati Alimsardjono; Isnaeni Isnaeni
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 6 No. 1 (2019): JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (163.325 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v6i12019.25-31

Abstract

Introduction: Staphylococcus  aureus  and  Pseudomonas  aeruginosa  are the most dangerous  and important species among  their genus.  These  bacteria  are often  resistant  to  many  classes  of antimicrobial  agents;  which  make difficulties in selecting appropriate drug to treat infections. Multidrug-resistance occurs readily in hospitals for which antimicrobials  agents  were   used  widely. Objective: The  aims  of  this  study  was  to  determine  minimum  inhibitory concentration  (MIC) and  minimum bacterial  concentration  (MBC) of levofloxacin  against 22 multidrug  resistant- clinical (MDR) strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients pus and urine in hospital. Methods: Determination of the MIC was performed by macro-dilution broth assay as recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), while the MBC was determined one-step further after the MIC determination. Results: It was found that MIC of the levofloxacin were (0.3 ± 0.0) - >0.5 µg/mL and (0.2 ± 0.1) - (1.0 ±0.0)µg/mL against S. aureus from pus and urine, respectively.  In addition, higher MICs were yielded against P. aeruginosa, (1.0 ± 0.0) - >8.0 µg/mL and (0.7 ± 0.3) - (3.0 ± 1.2) µg/mL for pus and urine isolates respectively. Similar to MICs, the MBCs against P. aeruginosa were higher than S. aureus, (0.6 ± 0.0) - > 4.0 µg/mL and (0.3 ± 0.0) - >8.0 µg/mL isolated from pus and urine respectively, (2.0 ± 0.6) - > 8.0 µg/mL and (3.0 ± 1.2) - >7.0 µg/mL against P. aeruginosa from pus and urine respectively. Conclusion: The levofloxacin was still susceptible as bacteriostatic against isolates from both body fluids, but not bactericidal towards all isolates.
The Effect of Vitamin C Addition on Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) Stability in Green Tea Solution Alief Putriana Rahman; Djoko Agus Purwanto; Isnaeni Isnaeni
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 6 No. 2 (2019): JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v6i22019.62-68

Abstract

Background: Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant green tea catechin with a powerful antioxidant effect to prevent cancer cells. EGCG in green tea solution is highly susceptible to degradation, this it is urgent to  increase the stability of EGCG by vitamin C addition. Vitamin C can regenerate radical EGCG to be normal EGCG. Objective: This research aim was to determine percent of decreased level of EGCG before and after vitamin C addition. Methods: This paper was focused on enhancing the stability of EGCG by 1 mg (GTVC1), 1.5 mg (GTVC2), 2 mg (GTVC3), 2.5 mg (GTVC4) and 3 mg (GTVC5) of vitamin C addition to 10 g/L of green tea solution concentration. Evaluations of EGCG were conducted at 0 days, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, and 4 days of storage time. EGCG was analyzed using thin layer chromatography (TLC) densitometry methods. The stability of EGCG was determined by % of decreased EGCG. Results: Percent of loss of EGCG in GT, GTVC1, GTVC2, GTVC3, GTVC4 and GTVC5 after 4 days storage were 19.93%, 10.89%, 21.08%, 18.18%, 28.56%, and 9.76%, respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that in 4 days storage, the decreased level of EGCG in green tea solution with 3 mg of vitamin C addition (GTVC5) was 9.76% which was smaller than green tea solution without vitamin C addition (GT) which EGCG decreasing 19.93%.
Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Stabilitas Sediaan Gel Minyak Atsiri Daun Jeruk Purut (Citrus hystrix folium) Luky Hayuning Les; Isnaeni Isnaeni; Widji Soeratri
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 6 No. 2 (2019): JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v6i22019.74-80

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Daun jeruk (Citrus hystrix folium) mengandung minyak esensial 1-1,5%, menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri. Bahan aktif yang berkontribusi sebagai aktivitas antibakteri mengandung senyawa dengan gugus  alkohol dan aldehida yang mendenaturasi protein sel bakteri. Tujuan: mengevaluasi efektivitas dan stabilitas antibakteri gel yang mengandung minyak esensial hasil isolasi dari daun Citrus hystrix terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Staphylococcus aureus. Metode: Formulasi gel minyak atsiri dibuat menggunakan karbomer 940 sebagai gelling agent. Aktivitas antibakteri gel yang mengandung minyak atsiri dievaluasi terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Staphylococcus aureus dengan gel yang mengandung 1% klindamisin sebagai kontrol positif dengan metode difusi agar. Hasil: Sediaan Gel efektif terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Staphylococcus aureus. Diameter rata-rata zona hambatan pertumbuhan sebelum dan sesudah penyimpanan selama 4 minggu adalah 16,75 mm, dan 17,65 mm. Aktivitas hambatan terhadap dua bakteri uji relatif lebih kecil daripada gel klindamisin. Gel memiliki stabilitas fisik yang baik ditunjukkan dengan tidak adanya perubahan pada konsistensi, warna, bau, viskositas dan pH yang diamati selama penyimpanan 4 minggu. Gel menghasilkan warna putih kekuningan dan bau jeruk yang khas, sedangkan gel kontrol menunjukkan warna kuning transparan dan berbau tween. Kesimpulan: Gel minyak atsiri jeruk secara efektif menghambat pertumbuhan Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Staphylococcus aureus, stabil setelah penyimpanan selama 4 minggu, oleh karena itu prospektif untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan baku untuk gel anti jerawat.
Effect of Guava Powder Addition on Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) Content of Green Tea and Its Antioxidant Activity Hanifah Ridha Rabbani; Djoko Agus Purwanto; Isnaeni Isnaeni
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 6 No. 2 (2019): JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v6i22019.85-90

Abstract

Background: Tea (Camelia sinensis) contains polyphenols including epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) which is acknowledged to have strong antioxidant properties. However, its stability is strongly influenced by environment. In a neutral and alkaline environment, EGCG could undergo degradation and lose its antioxidant property. There are some researches about the effect of combination of green tea and other plants to their antioxidant capacity. Objective: The research aimed to investigate the effect of guava addition to EGCG content of green tea and their antioxidant activity. Methods: The concentration of EGCG was determined by chromatographic analysis using TLC scanner, meanwhile the antioxidant activity was evaluated by its ability in scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. Results: Among all the samples, formula 4 (2 parts of green tea and 3 parts of guava) gave the highest EGCG content (39.03 ± 3.65 mg/g). This was 37.5% higher than the control sample (28.39 ± 2.45 mg/g). Formula 4 also had the best antioxidant activity with IC50 of 1917.32±1.75 ppm, 19% lower than control sample (2356.46 ± 3.16 ppm). Conclusion: The addition of guava powder significantly increased the amount of EGCG in green tea extracts and their antioxidant activity.
Validated TLC-Contact Bioautography Method for Identification of Kanamycin Sulfate in Injection Preparation Susanti Susanti; Aprelita Nurelli Dwiana; Febri Annuryanti; Asri Darmawati; Isnaeni Isnaeni
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 7 No. 1 (2020): JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v7i12020.35-41

Abstract

Background: TLC-contact bioautography is one of an effective method for identification antibiotics, by which many antibiotics could be identification and determination simultaneously. Objective: To evaluate kanamycin sulfate in injection preparations based on its inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 as test organism. Methods: Sample and standard solutions were spotted onto TLC silica gel 60 F254 plate and developed in 10% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solutionas as mobile phase. The TLC-contact bioautography method was  validated according to USP guidelines by considering specificity, LOD, LOQ, linearity, accuracy and precision parameters. Results: The TLC-contact bioautography method was found to be high sensitivity with LOD of 0.75 µg and LOQ 2.31 µg. Linearity range of 100-350 µg/mL with r = 0.9993 and linear regression equation was y = 0.0019x + 0.0338. The recovery obtained from addition of blank samples by three different concentrations of kanamycin sulfate standard was 101.40% ¬+ 2.02%. The precision of the method was good with coefficient of variation 0.080%. The TLC-contact bioautography method was supported by determination of kanamycin sulfate potency ratio in the injection preparation and kanamycin sulfate standard using 3-3 design. Random block design obtained the potential for kanamycin sulfate in injection preparations compared to kanamycin sulfate standard was 100.6%.  Conclusion: The TLC-contact bioautography for kanamycin sulfate in injection preparations could be applied to the quality control analysis of the investigated drugs.
KLT-Bioautografi Ekstrak Etil Asetat Supernatan Hasil Fermentasi Streptomyces G Isolat Tanah Rumah Kompos Bratang Surabaya Ifah Yulistyani; Achmad Toto Poernomo; Isnaeni Isnaeni
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 8 No. 1 (2021): JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v8i12021.1-9

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Meningkatnya penggunaan antibiotika yang tidak rasional menyebabkan berkembangnya masalah resistensi obat anti infeksi. Perkembangan perilaku mikroorganisme yang luar biasa pesatnya melalui berbagai mekanisme telah melahirkan berbagai strain yang resisten, toleran dan persisten, antara lain, Multi Drug Resistant (MDR), Extended Strain Betalactamase, MDR-Tuberkulosis dan Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Upaya untuk mengeksplor antibiotika baru dari berbagai sumber alam telah banyak dilakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahn terkait kebutuhan antibiotika yang handal dalam mengatasi penyakit infeksi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini berfokus pada isolasi Streptomyces sp.yang mampu menghasilkan senyawa anti bakteri dari tanah kompos buangan sampah di daerah Bratang Surabaya. Metode: Streptomyces sp. telah berhasil diisolasi dan diidentifikasi sebagai Streptomyces G dan dilakukan proses dalam media ISP-4. Metode KLT-bioautografi digunakan untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etil asetat supernatan kaldu fermentasi terhadap Escherichia coli ATCC 7890 dan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 23456. Hasil: Supernatan menunjukkan kemampuan untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri uji. Senyawa aktif berhasil diekstraksi dari supernatan dengan etil asetat dan KLT-bioautogram menggunakan eluen butanol-asam asetat-air (3:2:6, v/v) menunjukkan bahwa ada dua noda yang terpisah secara baik, salah satu dari noda dengan Rf 0,56 mampu menghambat bakteri uji dengan kategori potensi lemah. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etil asetat supernatan kaldu fermentasi Streptomyces G dalam media ISP-4 mengandung dua senyawa yang berbeda dan satu diantaranya menunjukkan aktivitas penghambatan terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 dan Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 berdasarkan data KLT- bioautogram.
Optimasi Kondisi Fermentasi pada Produksi Metabolit Antibakteri dari Bacillus tequilensis BSMF Simbiotik Halichondria panicea Nindya Pramesti Wardani; Achmad Toto Poernomo; Isnaeni Isnaeni
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 8 No. 2 (2021): JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v8i22021.187-193

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Resistensi antibakteri merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang dialami hampir di seluruh negara. Eksplorasi antibakteri dari sumber baru seperti tumbuhan, hewan, dan mikroorganisme baik yang hidup bebas maupun bersimbiosis menjadi solusi alternatif untuk mengatasi resistensi antibakteri. Mikroorganisme berupa bakteri ditargetkan sebagai sumber antibakteri yang berkelanjutan karena jumlahnya melimpah dan mudah dalam proses pembiakan. Bakteri yang hidup bersimbiosis diketahui dapat memproduksi metabolit antibakteri berspektrum lebih luas dibandingkan bakteri yang hidup bebas. Bakteri dapat bersimbiosis dengan berbagai makhluk hidup termasuk organisme multiseluler seperti spons. Isolat Bacillus tequilensis BSMF yang bersimbiosis dengan Halichondria panicea dari Perairan Cabbiya Madura menunjukkan adanya produksi metabolit yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Tujuan: Menentukan pH dan suhu optimum untuk produksi metabolit antibakteri dari Bacillus tequilensis BSMF simbiotik Halichondria panicea. Metode: Produksi metabolit antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode fermentasi padat pada media Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) yang telah diatur pH dan suhu inkubasinya, sedangkan uji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 dan Eschericia coli ATCC 25922 dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi agar. Penentuan aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan melalui pengukuran diameter zona hambat. Hasil: pH media yang menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri optimum Bacillus tequilensis BSMF terhadap Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 dan Eschericia coli ATCC 25922 adalah 8 ± 0,5 pada suhu inkubasi 32 ± 1oC dengan rata- rata indeks aktivitas antibakteri berturut- turut 2,74 ± 0,07 dan 3,39 ± 0,07. Kesimpulan: pH dan suhu optimum yang diperoleh adalah pH 8 ± 0,5 dan suhu 32 ± 1oC.
Co-Authors A'yun, Arini Qurrata Achmad Toto Poernomo Aditya Fridayanti Aditya Fridayanti Aditya Fridayanti Alief Putriana Rahman Alimsardjono, Lindawati Ambarini Indah Andri Astuti Andyanita Hanif Hermawati Anggita Mirzautika Aprelita Nurelli Dwiana Arie Ika Susanty Aryati Aryati Asri Darmawati Astrid Aulia Hamida Dahlang Tahir Diyah, Nuzul Wahyuning Djoko Agus Purwanto Dwi Riani Oktavia Palupi Esti Handayani Esti Hendradi Febri Annuryanti Fridayanti, Aditya Hadi Poerwono Hana Sofiana Maghfira Hanifah Ridha Rabbani Hepriyadi, Selvy Uftovia I Gede Edy Sagitha Idha Kusumawati Ifah Yulistyani Izza Rahmi Hidayah Juni Ekowati Kholis Amalia Nofianti Laili Irfanah Lisa Nathalie Luky Hayuning Les Mahfudz Mahfudz Marcellino Rudyanto Mega Ferdina Suwito Meliana Susanti Muhammad Agus Syamsur Rijal Muhammad Muslich Muhammad Mu’amar Fathoni Muhammad Yuwono Muhammad Yuwono Muhammad Yuwono Muhammad yuwono Nailatul Hidayah Ni Made Mertaniasih Nindya Pramesti Wardani Noor Erma Nasution Noor Erma Nasution Noor Erma Nasution Noor Erma Nasution Sugijanto Noor Erma NS Nuril Fikriyah Nurrosyidah, Iif Hanifa Primadi Avianto Pujianti, Efrin Pujianti, Efrin Putri, Radha Hartina Ramlan, Nurul Mutmainnah Riesta Primaharinastiti Rifaatul Mahmudah Siswandono, Siswandono Sonia Khoirun Nisa Sri Poedjiarti Sudjarwo Sudjarwo Sugijanto Sugijanto Sugijanto Randiman Sugiyartono, . Sugiyartono, . Suharjono Suharjono Suharjono, Suharjono Sukardiman Suko Hardjono Susanti Susanti Suzana Syahrani, Achmad Syamsul Arifin Tri Sundari Utari Ardiningdyah Widji Soeratri Yulistiani Yulistiani Zahratus Silmi Aliyah