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The effect of Glyptotermes montanus termites supplementation as protein source in the diet for broiler strian Rokky-301 Harry T Uhi; Jajat Jachja; Rita Mutia; Dodi Nandika
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 6, No 3 (2001): SEPTEMBER 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Termites (Isoptera) as one of local feed in several places in Indonesia just like Irian jaya, is available, easy to find and having protein in a high level. Termites nest which high about 0,5-2 metres above ground is easy to find at all low area merauke which having land areal about 20.000 ha, otherwise in other distrik, it can easily to find in a forest especialy in a new open land for Agriculture and transmigration. The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of Glyptotermes montanus Kemner termites suplementation as protein resource in the diet of broiler strain Rokky-301. One hundred eighty DOC Rokky-301 were randomly divided in to five treatment with three replicates of 12 chickens each. The treatment diets were basal diet (R0), basal diet + fresh termites 0,5% (R1), basal diet + fresh termites 1% (R2), basal diet + fresh termites 1,5% (R3), and Comercial diet (R4) as positive control. The chickens were fed the treatment diets over 50 days. The results showed that the chicken fed R3 diet had significantly higher body weight gain than did chicken fed other diets except for chicken fed commercial diet (R4). Feed consumption of chicken fed R0 diet was significantly higher than other treatment diets. However 1,5% fresh termites suplementation (R3) significantly reduced feed consumption. Basal diet (R0) had highest feed conversion compared to other treatment diets. However 1,5% fresh termites suplementation (R3) was significantly improved feed conversion compared to other treatment. Key word: Body weight gain, Glyptotermes montanus termites, broiler strain Rokky-301

Karakteristik Emisi Akustik untuk Mendeteksi Rayap Tanah pada Kayu Muhammad Achirul Nanda; Kudang Boro Seminar; Dodi Nandika
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 5 No. 3 (2017): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

AbstractVarious methods for detecting termites in the wood have been developed, one of those was based on acoustic emission. Eventhough, that method was difficult to distinguish the signal generated by termites or interference noise from the environment. It could be solved through a combination of acoustic emission and behavior of termites. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to analyze the acoustic signal and the moisture content to classify infested and uninfested wood by termites. The wood used in this study were made from Pinus logs, in air dried condition, which measure of 20(l) x 9.5(w) x 2.5(h) cm. Five wood were infested by 220 of C. curvignathus (‘infested wood’), the others were in sound condition (‘uninfested wood’). The acoustic signal was analyzed by FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) to transform from the time domain into the frequency domain. The results showed that moisture content of infested wood (11.94±0.792%) was higher than uninfested board (10.82±0.525%). Whereas the results of the acoustic signal indicated that the value of zero moment power of infested wood as well as uninfested wood, i.e., 13.405±3.019 and 9.573±2.188 respectively. Finally, the parameters which able to classify infested and uninfested wood by termites significantly were moisture content and the zero moment power.AbstrakBerbagai metode untuk mendeteksi rayap di dalam kayu telah dikembangkan, salah satunya adalah berbasis emisi akustik. Namun, metode tersebut kesulitan untuk membedakan sinyal yang diakibatkan oleh rayap atau pengaruh gangguan dari lingkungan. Hal tersebut dapat diatasi dengan mengkombinasikan emisi akustik dengan perilaku rayap. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis sinyal emisi akustik dan kadar air untuk mengklasifikasikan kayu yang terserang oleh rayap dan tidak terserang oleh rayap. Kayu yang digunakan pada penelitian ini dibuat dari kayu pinus, pada kondisi kering dengan ukuran 20 (p) x 9.5 (l) x 2.5 (t) cm. Lima kayu terserang sebanyak 220 rayap C. Curvignathus (‘kayu terserang’), kayu lain dalam keadaan baik (‘kayu normal’). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kadar air dari kayu terserang oleh rayap (11.94±0.792%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan kayu normal (10.82±0.525%). Sedangkan hasil dari sinyal akustik menunjukkan bahwa nilai zero moment power pada kayu terserang oleh rayap dan kayu normal secara berurutan adalah 13.405±3.019 dan 9.573±2.188. Selanjutnya, parameter yang mampu untuk mengklasifikasikan kayu yang terserang oleh rayap dan kayu normal secara signifikan adalah parameter kadar air dan zero moment power

Pengaruh Kondisi Permukaan terhadap Daya Lekat Lapisan Pelindung Andi T. Lestari; I. Wayan Darmawan; Dodi Nandika
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 14, No 1 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh kondisi permukaan kayu jati Perhutani, pinus dan jati rakyat (penampang radial dan tangensial) terhadap daya lekat bahan lapisan pelindung permukaan. Contoh uji diampelas dan diukur tingkat kekasarannya (Ra) menggunakan roughness tester TR200. Water repellent (WR), bahan pengawet, cat dan kombinasinya dilaburkan pada permukaan kayu. Pengujian keterbasahan dilakukan dengan pengukuran sudut kontak (contact angle) antara cairan dan permukaan contoh uji. Sudut kontak tersebut diukur menggunakan Motic Images Plus (MIP) versi 2.0. Nilai sudut kontak statis ditentukan menggunakan program PROC NLIN dari SAS. Nilai Ra bervariasi antara 2,51-5,80 m. Penampang radial memiliki nilai Ra yang lebih kecil dari penampang tangensial. Jati rakyat dan pinus menghasilkan nilai Ra yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan jati Perhutani. WR menghasilkan sifat keterbasahan yang rendah dengan sudut kontak statisnya mencapai 134o. Sifat keterbasahan bahan pengawet tinggi dengan sudut kontak statis 8,92o. Kombinasi antara cat dan WR, serta cat dan bahan pengawet menghasilkan daya lekat yang paling kuat dibandingkan dengan kombinasi antara cat, bahan pengawet, dan WR. Daya lekat lapisan pelindung permukaan kayu jati rakyat relatif sama dengan kayu pinus, namun daya lekat keduanya lebih baik dibandingkan dengan jati Perhutani.

Biodegradasi Substrat Gergajian Kayu Sengon oleh Jamur Kelompok Pleurotus Asal Bogor Biodegradation of Sengon-wood Sawdust Substrate by Pleurotus Group Fungi from Bogor Elis Nina Herliyana; Dodi Nandika; Achmad Lisdar; I. Sudirman; Arief B. Witarto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 6, No 2 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

White-rot fungi has been started to be developed for enhancing the mushroom based industry in many countries including in environmentally sound of bio-bleaching and bio-pulping technological process. Six isolates of wild Pleurotus group were isolated from various location in Bogor, namely Pleurotus EAB7, EB24, EB14-2, EB6, EA4 and EB9 of which were studied of their ligninolytic character. P. ostreatus HO was used as standard comparison.The ligninolytic character of these six fungi isolates was measured after inoculation into Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) wood sawdust substrate inside plastic bag with substrate weight of about 400 gram; other additional substances were paddy scalp, gypsum, calcium and water. Observation was done on Sengon wood sawdust substrate since vegetative phase until reproductive phase. Samples were opened, destructed with Hammer Mill, and then dried with oven on temperature of 40oC in 4 ~ 6 days until water content reach 15%, and weigh about 30 gram for analyses. Analyses were done by measuring water soluble extractive substance (TAPPI T 207 om-88 Standard), NaOH (sodium hydroxide) 1% soluble extractive substance (TAPPI T 212 om-88 Standard), alkohol-benzena soluble extractive substance (TAPPI T 204 om-88 Standard), lignin content (TAPPI T 13 os-54 Standard), holocellulose content with method browning (TAPPI T 211 m Standard), and cellulose content with method Cross and Bevan (Meulenhoff et al. 1977; TAPPI 1996).Having applied of each wild Pleurotus group isolates resulted in increasing of extractives total compounds both in vegetative and reproductive phases. Each wild Pleurotus group isolates shows variation in decreasing average of lignin content (10.7 ~ 89.7%) and cellulose (18.9 ~ 87.4%). Pleurotus EB9 are able to decrease the highest lignin (89.7%) and cellulose (87.4%) content of substrate. Classification based on ligninolytic character is different with classification based on morphological and physiological characters. Pleurotus EB9 seems to be separated from other isolates. This shows that there was different ligninolytic character among the isolates. The best isolate for bio-pulping and bio-bleaching agent is Pleurotus EB9 on vegetative phase.

Keanekaragaman Genetik Rayap Tanah Genus Coptotermes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) di Pulau Jawa Niken Subekti; Dodi Nandika; Dedy Duryadi Solihin
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 23, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2006.23.2.156

Subterranean termite Coptotermes spp. has been known as the most economically important structural pest in Indonesia. Due to morphological ambiguity, traditional identification of Coptotermes spp. has always been difficult and unreliable. Through molecular diagnostic method, a study was conducted to determine genetic variation of Coptotermes spp. occurring in Java Island. Termite specimens were collected from Banten 1, Banten 2, DKI 1, DKI 2, Jabar 1, Jabar 2, Jateng 1, Jateng 2, Yogya 1, Yogya 2, Jatim 1, and Jatim 2. The method for identification was PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis using four restriction enzymes each of which was applied to CO II amplicon for all the Coptotermes spp. being analyzed. The results showed the existence of two species of Coptotermes in Java which are different from both Coptotermes gestroi and Coptotermes formosanus.

SIFAT ANTI RAYAP KATEKIN DARI GAMBIR (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) Dodi Nandika
Prosiding University Research Colloquium Proceeding of The 8th University Research Colloquium 2018: Bidang Sosial Ekonomi dan Psikologi
Publisher : Konsorsium Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah 'Aisyiyah (PTMA) Koordinator Wilayah Jawa Tengah - DIY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (340.624 KB)

Gambir is a dry extract from the leaves and branches of the Uncaria gambir Roxb plant. Its contains catechin that are quite large and have antioxidant properties. Catechin are flavonoid compounds contained in gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb). Some previous studies have shown that catechins have antibacterial and antifungal properties. However, the antitermitics properties of these compounds have not been reported comprehensively. Preliminary research on the antitermitics properties of catechins was carried out by dissolving catechin in ethyl acetate (concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) then applied to whatmann filter paper. Further research was carried out by impregnating catechin solutions (2.5%, 5% and 7.5% concentrations) into the rubber wood (Hevea brasiliensis) samples using the vacuum press method. The antitermitics properties was carried out based on the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) K-1571-2004 while testing the antitermitics properties of dry wood based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 01-7207-2014. The results of the preliminary study showed that application of catechin had a significant effect on feedingpreferenceand mortality of termites C. curvignathusand C. cynocephalus.

Antioxidant Activity of Fungus Comb Extracts Isolated from Indo-Malayan Termite Macrotermes gilvus Hagen (Isoptera: Termitidae) Yanti Rachmayanti; Dikhi Firmansyah; Reza Ro'isatul Umma; Decsa Medika Hertanto; I Ketut Sudiana; Djoko Santoso; Dodi Nandika; Lina Karlinasari; Arinana Arinana; Irmanida Batubara; Lucia Dhiantika Witasari
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 22, No 6 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.77227

Indonesian termites are one of the wealthiest biological resources considering their very high species diversity (300 species) and extensive geographical distribution in the Indonesian mainland. However, its potential as a source of bioactive compounds has not been fully explored. One of the endemic termite sub-families of Indonesian, Macrotermitinae (Isoptera: Termitidae), has a food source in the form of fungal nodules that grow and spread in a particular structure in the termite nest that is shaped like a mammalian brain called a fungus comb, which likely serves as a source of bioactive compounds. This study aims to analyze the potential of fungus comb from an Indonesian Macrotermitinae sub-family species as a source of antioxidants. Antioxidant activity was tested on four different extracts of fungus comb (EFC), namely hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract, methanol extract and water extract, using DPPH• (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS•+ (2,2′-azino-di-[3-ethylbenzthiazolinesulphonate]) radicals. The results showed that the highest antioxidant activity was found in methanol extract, followed by ethyl acetate extract with IC50 values of 0.6 mg/mL and 0.75 mg/mL, respectively. TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) analysis confirmed the high antioxidant activity of methanol extract.

SIFAT ANTI RAYAP KATEKIN DARI GAMBIR (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) Dodi Nandika
Prosiding University Research Colloquium Proceeding of The 8th University Research Colloquium 2018: Bidang Sosial Ekonomi dan Psikologi
Publisher : Konsorsium Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah 'Aisyiyah (PTMA) Koordinator Wilayah Jawa Tengah - DIY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Gambir is a dry extract from the leaves and branches of the Uncaria gambir Roxb plant. Its contains catechin that are quite large and have antioxidant properties. Catechin are flavonoid compounds contained in gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb). Some previous studies have shown that catechins have antibacterial and antifungal properties. However, the antitermitics properties of these compounds have not been reported comprehensively. Preliminary research on the antitermitics properties of catechins was carried out by dissolving catechin in ethyl acetate (concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) then applied to whatmann filter paper. Further research was carried out by impregnating catechin solutions (2.5%, 5% and 7.5% concentrations) into the rubber wood (Hevea brasiliensis) samples using the vacuum press method. The antitermitics properties was carried out based on the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) K-1571-2004 while testing the antitermitics properties of dry wood based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 01-7207-2014. The results of the preliminary study showed that application of catechin had a significant effect on feedingpreferenceand mortality of termites C. curvignathusand C. cynocephalus.

Fingerprints, Antioxidant Activity, and Anti-Tyrosinase of Fungus Comb Extract Dewi, Trisni Untari; Diposani, Diva Putri; Rohaeti, Eti; Nandika, Dodi; Karlinasari, Lina; Arinana, Arinana; Santoso, Djoko; Witasari, Lucia Dhiantika; Rachmayanti, Yanti; Batubara, Irmanida
Jurnal Jamu Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 3 (2023): Jurnal Jamu Indonesia
Publisher : Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jji.v8i3.346

Fungus comb is a structure made by termite colony Macrotermitinae with lots of potential because it contains secondary metabolites such as steroids, terpenoids, and saponins and compounds containing antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase properties. This study aimed to determine fungus comb extracts' fingerprint pattern, antioxidant capacity, and anti-tyrosinase activity. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was used to determine fingerprint patterns. The resulting TLC pattern was processed with ImageJ and converted into a densitogram. The fungus comb was extracted with n-hexane and ethyl acetate. TLC results showed that fungus comb extracts contain steroids and terpenoids and have antioxidant properties. The antioxidant capacity assay was carried out with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl reagent. N-hexane extract had an antioxidant capacity value of 9.07 mg ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE)/g extract, while ethyl acetate extract had 6.04 mg AAE/g extract. Anti-tyrosinase activity assay was carried out with L-tyrosine and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) as substrates. N-hexane extract had a better anti-tyrosinase activity with IC50 of 1804 µg/mL for L-tyrosine and 6784 µg/mL for L-DOPA.

Daya Tahan Hidup Fragmen Koloni Rayap Tanah Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) dalam Pemeliharaan di Laboratorium Kutana, Agung Nugrawan; Nandika, Dodi; Arinana; Hanifah, Nisrina Putri; Wahyuningtias, Irma
PERENNIAL Vol 20 No 2 (2024): Vol. 20 No. 2, Oktober 2024
Publisher : Forestry Faculty of Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/perennial.v20i2.36785

Information about colony fragments survival of the termite species Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren in the laboratory is very limited. This study was conducted to determine colony fragments survival of the subterranean termite C. curvignathus Holmgren in laboratory maintenance. The test media used the Termitarium PSIH-IPB: 1999 as a glass vessel containing 4 kg of a mixture of sand and clay with 4 proportions and 4 different pH determined as treatments that would be studied for their effects on termite survival. The results showed that the proportion of the sand:clay mixture affected the survival and feeding preferences of the subterranean termite C. curvignathus Holmgren. The highest percentage of termites that survived was found in the termitarium containing a mixture of sand:clay 50:50. The highest percentage of bait wood weight loss occurred in the test media containing a mixture of sand: clay 50:50. The weight loss of bait wood is directly proportional to the termites survival.

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