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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Majalah Biomorfologi (Biomorphology Journal) CURRENT INTERNAL MEDICINE RESEARCH AND PRACTICE SURABAYA JOURNAL Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Narra J Jurnal EduHealth Folia Medica Indonesiana
Musofa Rusli
Faculty Of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya. Department Of Internal Medicine, Faculty Of Medicine, RSUD Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health Veterinary

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Correlation between ESBL-Producing Bacteria Infection with Sepsis Severity of Patient in Medical Ward of Internal Medicine Department Dr. Soetomo General Hospital in 2016 Pratiwi, Asri Dhea; Rusli, Musofa; Utomo, Budi
JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Vol. 10 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (250.452 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/juxta.V10I22019.84-87

Abstract

Introduction: Sepsis is life-threatening condition that begins with infections that trigger pro-inflammation overresponse. Delaying antibiotic treatment in sepsis can cause serious condition. In ESBL-producing bacteria, the antibiotic resistance is common and it might cause harm to sepsis patient. This research aims to analyze the correlation between infections of ESBL-producing bacteria with sepsis severity. Methods: This study was observational analytic on sepsis patient in Internal Medicine Ward of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. The data were taken from medical records of the patient. The severity of sepsis was based on Surviving Sepsis Campaign 2012. Results: A total 72 sepsis patients were included in this study, which consist of 40 patients with non-producing ESBL GNB and 32 patients with ESBL-producing bacteria. The most common bacteria in ESBL infection is Escherichia coli ESBL+ (75%) and non ESBL infection is Acinetobacter baumanii (27.5%). Septic shock is more common in patient with ESBL-producing bacteria (53.1% vs 22.5%). The correlation between ESBL infection and sepsis severity is significant and the power of correlation is low (p = 0.048; r = 0.234). Conclusion: There is a correlation between ESBL-producing bacteria infection with sepsis severity and the power of correlation is low (p = 0.048, r = 0.234).
Bacterial and Fungal Coinfections in COVID-19 Inpatients at a Tertiary Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia, from November 2020 to February 2022 Shabira, Naura Ghina; Widodo, Agung Dwi Wahyu; Rusli, Musofa
Current Internal Medicine Research and Practice Surabaya Journal Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): CURRENT INTERNAL MEDICINE RESEARCH AND PRACTICE SURABAYA JOURNAL
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/cimrj.v6i1.53331

Abstract

Introduction: After the first discovery of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in 2020, the rapid increase of cases beyond China prompted the declaration of a pandemic. Elevated rates of bacterial-fungal coinfection were observed in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to determine the profiles of bacterial and fungal coinfections in COVID-19 patients diagnosed between November 2020 and February 2022 at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Methods: This retrospective descriptive study obtained data from medical records and used total sampling to assemble 278 COVID-19 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The evaluated variables were subject characteristics, including age, sex, comorbidities, length of stay, ventilator use, bacterial coinfections, fungal coinfections, and bacterial-fungal coinfections. Results: The age group of 55–64 years (26.9%) was predominant among the patients, with males (55.4%) outnumbering females. Hypertension was the most prevalent comorbidity (15.8%). The patients were mostly hospitalized for over ten days (66.2%). Eleven patients (4%) were admitted to the intensive care unit, and five patients (1.8%) required mechanical ventilation. The bacterial coinfections were primarily caused by Streptococcus viridans (56.6%), found in 145 sputum specimens, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (23.4%). The predominant isolates in the bacterial-fungal coinfections were Streptococcus viridans and Candida albicans (24.8%), identified in 125 sputum specimens, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida albicans (18.4%). Conclusion: COVID-19 patients with bacterial-fungal coinfections present certain characteristics, including being male, middle-aged, hypertensive, and hospitalized beyond ten days. Streptococcus viridans, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Candida albicans are common etiologies in bacterial-fungal coinfections.   Highlights: 1. This study overviews the distribution of patients and causative pathogens associated with bacterial, fungal, and bacterial-fungal coinfections, which have escalated with the rapid rise of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalization. 2. Data on the causative pathogens of bacterial-fungal coinfection in COVID-19 patients can be considered in the development of guidelines for empirical therapy in clinical practice.  
Correlation Between Complete Blood Count Parameters with Procalcitonin in Immunogenomic Phases of COVID-19 Patients Sellynastiti, Sarah Triwinar; Rusli, Musofa; Hernaningsih, Yetti
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v13i1.63384

Abstract

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), a global pandemic caused by SARSCoV-2, presents varying degrees of severity influenced by different immunogenomic phase. The immunogenomic phase that occurs in patients with COVID-19 is divided into three phases, namely the initial phase, propagating phase, and complicating phase. Severity disease progression can be monitored from the results of complete blood count (CBC) parameters and several inflammatory parameters such as procalcitonin. The purpose of this study was to investigate, during the immunogenomic phase of COVID-19 patients, the correlation between PCT levels and full blood count parameters. Patients treated at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital for COVID-19 were the subjects of this crosssectional study. Data analysis used in this study is Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test for normality, followed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test and bivariate Pearson correlation test to determine the correlation between complete blood count (CBC) parameters and PCT. Our findings reveal that most patients are male, predominantly aged between 50 and 60 years. Distinct variation of CBC parameters and PCT levels were observed in each phase. A significant relationship between these hematological markers, the immunogenomic phase and the progression of the disease. The PCT level of COVID-19 patients was associated with parameters of red blood cells, including hemoglobin, hematocrit, and the width-standard deviation of red blood cell distribution, leukocytes and their differential count, including lymphocytes and neutrophils, and platelets.. This analysis further understanding regarding the hematological dynamics in COVID-19 patients, providing important information about the pathophysiology of the disease and potential biomarkers for monitoring its progression.
Profiles of Deceased Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Coinfections at an Indonesian Tertiary Hospital Firmansyah, Joedhistira Bayu; Rusli , Musofa; Juniastuti; Septyawati, Ratna
Current Internal Medicine Research and Practice Surabaya Journal Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): CURRENT INTERNAL MEDICINE RESEARCH AND PRACTICE SURABAYA JOURNAL
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/cimrj.v6i2.53649

Abstract

Introduction: Antibiotic use in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients reached 70% during the pandemic, potentially inducing the invasion of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). This study analyzed patients who died from COVID-19 with MDRO coinfections at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study of 120 deceased COVID-19 inpatients from January to December 2021. The inclusion criteria required: (1) positive MDRO cultures from ≥2 specimens, and (2) resistance to ≥1 agent across ≥3 antimicrobial categories. Patients with incomplete records or no antibiotic therapy were excluded. The data were presented using descriptive statistics to characterize patient demographics, microbiological profiles, and antimicrobial resistance patterns. Results: The patients were predominantly male (60%), aged 41–80 years (78.33%), and hospitalized for 8–30 days (53.44%). The microbiological examinations revealed blood cultures as the main specimen source (43.10%), followed by sputum (27.59%), urine (19.40%), pus (7.33%), and cerebrospinal fluid (2.59%). The prevalent isolates varied by specimen type: coagulase-negative staphylococci (51%) in blood, Pseudomonas spp. in pus (17.65%), Klebsiella spp. in sputum (26.69%), and Escherichia coli in urine (37.78%). The cerebrospinal fluid cultures showed an equal distribution of Gram-negative bacilli, Gram-positive bacilli, and Gram-positive cocci (33.33% each). Conclusion: This study characterizes the profiles of fatal COVID-19 cases with MDRO coinfections, demonstrating a predominance of older male patients with prolonged hospitalization. The identified resistance patterns and pathogen distribution, notably coagulase-negative staphylococci in blood, highlight the importance of improved infection surveillance and antibiotic stewardship to minimize the risk of coinfection in the future.   Highlights: 1. While existing studies have examined multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) coinfections in COVID-19 globally, this work offers a valuable standalone characterization of a high-risk subgroup in Indonesia, where resistance patterns arising from antimicrobial use during the pandemic created unique clinical challenges. 2. This study provides comprehensive data on the mortality of COVID-19 patients with MDRO coinfections at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, enhancing medical personnel's awareness of MDRO bacterial transmission and informing improvements in antibiotic stewardship programs within hospitals.  
Mortality Profile of COVID-19 Co-Infection in HIV/AIDS Patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia Januarti, Catur Ifda; Rusli, Musofa; Nugraha, Jusak; Puspitasari, Dwiyanti
JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Vol. 16 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/juxta.V16I22025.129-134

Abstract

Highlights: The majority of HIV/AIDS patients who succumbed to the effects of co-infection at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, were of productive age, with the predominant complications being anemia and bacterial infections. Tuberculosis was listed as the most common opportunistic infection that exacerbated the condition of HIV/AIDS patients and caused death during the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19.   Abstract Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an immune system disease caused by the HIV infection, making individuals susceptible to various diseases, including coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Co-infection in HIV/AIDS patients can worsen the severity of the diseases, especially in those with comorbidities, complications, and opportunistic infections, potentially leading to death. This study aimed to determine the mortality profile of COVID-19 co-infection in HIV/AIDS patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from January 2020 to December 2022. Methods: This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional method, utilizing secondary data from 48 medical records of COVID-19 co-infection in HIV/AIDS patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from January 2020 to December 2022, collected through a total sampling technique. Results: Of the 105 total HIV/AIDS patients with COVID-19 co-infection, 48 were selected in this study based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The mortality profile showed a predominance of males (75%), with an average age of 36.5 years. The most common comorbidity was bacterial infection (38.6%), with the highest complication being anemia (55.6%), and the most prevalent opportunistic infection being tuberculosis/TB (50%). Conclusion: The mortality profile of COVID-19 co-infection in HIV/AIDS patients indicated a higher occurrence among males, with an average age of 36.5 years old. The most common comorbidity was bacterial infection, whilst the most prevalent complications include anemia, with TB being the most frequent opportunistic infection.
Educational Background Occupation Distribution In Viral Skin Infection Patients At Dermatology And Venereology Outpatient Clinic Dr. Soetomo General A Cademic Hospital Surabaya From January 2019-December 2021 Alya Nuha Andini; Linda Astari; Musofa Rusli; Medhi Denisa
Jurnal EduHealth Vol. 15 No. 01 (2024): Jurnal eduHealt, Edition January - March, 2024
Publisher : Sean Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The total cases of viral skin infections in Indonesia, coupled with a lack of awareness regarding the associated risk factors and preventive measures, poses a significant issue. There is a scarcity of research addressing the profile of viral skin infections in Indonesia. This study aims to assess the distribution of educational background and occupation of patients with viral infections treated at the Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Unit of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital in Surabaya from 2016 to 2018. Using a descriptive approach, this retrospective study relies on medical records spanning from January 2019 to December 2021. The majority of patient’s last educational background was senior high school. (43%), with the diagnosis of herpes simplex dominated by senior high school (57%), molluscum contagiosum by patients that never went to school (29%), varicella by both senior high school and patients that never went to school (29%), and herpes zoster by senior high school (30%). The majority of patients work as private employees (28%), with the diagnosis of herpes simplex patients work as college student (29%), Molluscum contagiosum as college student (25%), varicella as college student (30%), and herpes zoster as private employees (35%). In conclusion, the distribution of educational background and occupation of viral skin infection patients at Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya from January 2019 - December 2021 still varies every year and requires more comprehensive management.
PATTERNS OF RIFAMPICIN AND ISONIAZID RESISTANCE IN PULMONARY RR/MDR-TB WITH OR WITHOUT T2DM Sopha, May Ira; Wulandari, Laksmi; Rusli, Musofa; Husada, Dominicus; Prodjosoewojo, Susantina
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 61, No. 2
Publisher : Folia Medica Indonesiana

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Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) causes approximately[-12pc]AU: Please provide ORCID ID for all authors. 1.6 million deaths each year. The incidence of drug-resistant TB has continued to rise, primarily due to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Drug-resistant TB remains a primary concern in various parts of the world, especially in Eastern Europe, Russia, Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between first-line anti-tuberculosis drug resistance and the presence or absence of T2DM comorbidity in patients with pulmonary RR/MDR TB. This research employed a cross-sectional design, which used secondary data from 2023, obtained from medical records, the Tuberculosis Information System (SITB), and the results of first-line DST tests. The subjects included the RR-TB or MDR-TB patients with or without T2DM, treated at the MDR-TB outpatient clinic of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya. Of 131 patients, a portion had T2DM comorbidity. Statistical analysis showed no significant association between T2DM status and individual resistance to rifampicin (p = 0.247) or isoniazid (p = 0.312). However, clinically, patients with T2DM tended to exhibit more severe and complex resistance patterns. Although there was no statistically significant relationship between T2DM and first-line drug resistance, the presence of T2DM clinically indicated a tendency toward more severe resistance profiles.
Immunogenomic Phase-Based Differences in Complete Blood Count Profiles of COVID-19 Patients With and Without Comorbidities Ratu Diva Nuralifia Yusuf; Musofa Rusli; Hartono Kahar
JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Vol. 17 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/juxta.V17I12026.21-27

Abstract

Highlights: Complete blood count profile represents the most frequently conducted laboratory test, pivotal for prognostic assessment, particularly in COVID-19 patients presenting with comorbidities. Significant differences exist within CBC profiles across various immunogenomic phases, notably leukocyte count, thrombocyte count, and NLR.   Abstract Introduction: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in significant mortality in Indonesia, particularly affecting those with comorbidities. Utilizing complete blood count (CBC) profiles can inform clinical management strategies and enhance patient care. This study examined the correlations among CBC profiles, immunogenomic phase, and disease pathophysiology. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, retrospective, observational study using medical records from Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia. Demographic data from 134 COVID-19 patients were analyzed, focusing on differences in CBC profiles between patients with and without comorbidities across immunogenomic phases. Statistical comparisons were conducted using the International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 13.0, with significance set at p<0.05. Results: Most patients were male, with a mean age of 52.13 years old. Cardiovascular comorbidities were prevalent (36%) across all immunogenomic phases. Significant differences in leukocyte and platelet counts were observed among patients with comorbidities. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) ratio varied significantly between immunogenomic phases in both comorbid and non-comorbid groups. Additionally, significant variations in leukocyte and platelet counts were found in the comorbid group, along with differences in NLR in both groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Variations in leukocyte count, platelet count, and NLR indicated that comorbidities and CBC profiles might contribute to the development of cytokine storm, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiple organ failure.
Co-Authors Agung Dwi Wahyu Widodo Alya Nuha Andini Aryati Aryati Asmarawati, Tri Pudy Bramanton Bramantono Bramantono, Bramantono Brian Eka Rahman Budi Utomo Dominicus Husada Dwiyanti Puspitasari, Dwiyanti Erika Marfiani Ernawati Ernawati Erwin Astha Triyono Firmansyah, Joedhistira Bayu Fundhy Sinar Ikrar Prihatanto, Fundhy Sinar Ikrar Hartono Kahar Ilma Dzurriyyatan Toyyibah Januarti, Catur Ifda Juniastuti Juniastuti Jusak Nugraha Laksmi Wulandari Linda Astari, Linda Lukman Hakim M Vitanata Marissa Jayawinata Medhi Denisa Megawati Muhammad Vitanata Arfijanto, Muhammad Vitanata Nasronudin Nasronudin Pius Sebastian Ginting Pratiwi, Asri Dhea Prodjosoewojo, Susantina Qonitatillah, Jihan Rachman, Brian Eka Rahayu, Dwi RP. Ratu Diva Nuralifia Yusuf Resti Yudhawati Rizaliansyah, Ferdian Samsriyaningsih Handayani Sellynastiti, Sarah Triwinar Septyawati, Ratna Shabira, Naura Ghina Siti Nurul Jannah Sopha, May Ira Subagyo Yotopranoto Tripudi Asmarawati Usman Hadi Widyoningroem, Anita Yetti Hernaningsih