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All Journal Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Intermestic: Journal of International Studies
Indra Pahlawan
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DAMPAK NEGATIF KEBIJAKAN HUKUM TRANSAKSI SIPIL UNI EMIRAT ARAB (UEA) TERHADAP PEKERJA MIGRAN INDONESIA (PMI) Syakara, Muhammad Rifqi; Pahlawan, Indra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol 12: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

The rapid development of digital financial technology and the adoption of crypto assets in the global economic system have begun to influence various sectors, including their use as payment methods for migrant workers. The United Arab Emirates (UAE), through the Virtual Asset Regulatory Authority (VARA), is one of the countries that has progressively regulated the use of crypto assets in civil transactions, including wage payments for foreign workers. In contrast, Indonesia maintains a conservative approach by classifying crypto as a commodity under the supervision of Bappebti, without a specific framework governing its use in the context of migrant labor. This study employs a qualitative approach using literature review and policy document analysis issued by relevant authorities in both the UAE and Indonesia. The liberal economic theory and the nation-state concept are used to explain how states respond to digital transformation within civil transaction laws and its implications for the protection of migrant workers’ rights. The findings reveal significant negative impacts on Indonesian migrant workers in the UAE, including wage instability, low digital literacy, and Indonesia’s limited legal capacity to protect its workers from crypto-based wage practices. Keywords: Crypto Assets, Civil Transaction Law, Civil Transactions, Migrant Workers, Virtual Asset Regulatory Authority.
PERAN END CHILD PORNOGRAPHY AND TRAFFICKING (ECPAT) DALAM MENGATASI TINDAKAN EKSPLOITASI KOMERSIAL PADA ANAK (ESKA) DI SEKTOR PARIWISATA THAILAND Rahadian, Fathurrahman Adam; Pahlawan, Indra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol 12: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

Tourism is a major source of foreign revenue for Thailand, but its nightlife sector is often associated with the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children (CSEC), a form of human trafficking. With no single government agency directly addressing this issue, ECPAT has taken on the role of an independent actor to combat CSEC. Using qualitative research from 2018–2023, this study examines how ECPAT fills the state’s gap through policy advocacy, public awareness campaigns, and partnerships with government and private sectors via programs like Down to Zero, Disrupting Harm, and The TUI Academy. Despite its efforts, ECPAT faces challenges such as weak law enforcement, underreporting by victims, limited resources, and resistance from the tourism industry toward child protection initiatives. Keywords: ECPAT, CSEC, Sexual Exploitation, NGO
DAMPAK PERANG DAGANG ANTARA AMERIKA SERIKAT-TIONGKOK TERHADAP EKSPOR MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT INDONESIA KE TIONGKOK 2018-2019 Dita, Delfia Tiara; Pahlawan, Indra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 11: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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This research analyzes the impact of the trade war between the United States and Tiongkok on Indonesian palm oil exports to Tiongkok in 2018-2019. In the trade war that occurred between the United States and Tiongkok, Indonesia made several policies to deal with the Trade War on palm oil exports to Tiongkok. This research uses an explanatory qualitative method, and uses a neoliberalism perspective, a theory used by international trade theory and uses a nation state level of analysis, with data collection techniques from primary data and various sources, including media reports and official documents related to the trade war. United States and Tiongkok on palm oil exports. The data obtained was then analyzed to identify the impact of the United States and Tiongkok trade war on Indonesian palm oil exports to Tiongkok. The results of the research show that the trade war between the United States and Tiongkok has an influence on Indonesian palm oil exports to Tiongkok. As the value of Indonesian CPO exports decreased, shares in the agricultural industry sector and CPO producers experienced a significant decline. And Indonesia also provided policies to deal with the trade war that occurred between the United States and Tiongkok regarding Indonesian palm oil exports. Keywords: impact of the Trade War, palm oil exports, CPO dynamics
BENTUK DIPLOMASI BUDAYA INDONESIA PADA FESTIVAL SAMOSIR MUSIC INTERNASIONAL 2018-2023 Siagian, Cristin Arti Kasih; Pahlawan, Indra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 11: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

Indonesia's cultural diplomacy at the International Samosir Music Festival (FSMI) shows the important role of culture in deepening relations between nations. This research aims to analyze in more depth the forms of Indonesian cultural diplomacy revealed through FSMI, with an emphasis on efforts to promote Indonesian cultural diversity, namely Traditional Batak music and improve the quality of diplomatic relations between Indonesia and participating countries. This research was conducted using a qualitative method with a descriptive approach and using secondary data collection techniques obtained through literature study, in this case through book sources, journal articles, research papers, working papers, official online data bases or archives and interviews with the leadership of the Samosir Music Festival. International. The author uses a constructivist perspective with a country level of analysis. The author analyzes the research results using cultural diplomacy theory to explain the form of diplomacy that Indonesia has carried out through an international music festival. The results of the research conducted show that the Indonesian people and even foreign tourists who come are very interested in Indonesian culture, especially Traditional Batak art since the International Samosir Music Festival was held in Samosir, North Sumatra. The research results prove that the cultural diplomacy carried out by Indonesia is fulfilled as evidenced by several activities carried out, and has had a positive impact on the various countries that come and collaborate in it. Keywords: Samosir Music International Festival (FSMI), cultural diplomacy, Traditional Batak Arts.
KEPENTINGAN SINGAPURA BERINVESTASI DI SEKTOR PARIWISATA PULAU BINTAN Herman, Rafif Basya’ir; Pahlawan, Indra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol 12: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

This study aims to analyze Singapore’s interests in investing in the tourism sector of Bintan Island and to identify the actors, policies, and programs involved in the process. Bintan Island, which is geographically close and historically linked to Singapore, holds a strategic position in promoting regional cooperation in investment and tourism. This research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical method. The theoretical framework includes the Theory of National Interest, State Investment Theory, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Theory, and Economic Liberalism Theory. These theories are used to explain how Singapore’s national policies and economic strategies drive its outward investment expansion, particularly to Bintan Island, as well as how Indonesia’s policies—through the Special Economic Zone (SEZ)—support such investment collaboration. The findings reveal that Singapore’s investment interests in Bintan Island are not solely economic, such as market expansion and tourism development, but also encompass political, geopolitical, and economic diplomacy aspects. This investment strengthens Singapore’s position as a regional economic hub while reinforcing bilateral relations with Indonesia. Moreover, the involvement of various actors—including government bodies, private sectors, and financial institutions—demonstrates that the investment is a synergy of shared policies and mutual interests. Nevertheless, challenges such as local economic disparity, potential foreign dominance, and environmental sustainability issues remain crucial considerations in maintaining the balance of benefits from this cross-border investment. Keywords: Foreign investment, tourism, bilateral relations, national interests.
LANDASAN FAKTOR KEBIJAKAN IMPOR BERAS INDONESIA ASAL THAILAND PADA TAHUN 2009 – 2011 Dewi, Citra Syafni; Pahlawan, Indra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 5: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2018
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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This research discussed about basic factor of policy import Indonesia Rice from Thailand in 2009-2011 and the purpose of this research is to find out reasons of Indonesia make a decision to import from Thailand. Rice have very important role in Indonesia citizen’s life in many aspect such as economy, labor, living environment, social, culture and politic. Indonesia has great potency in agriculture but the fact is there are so many farmers that weak in economy aspect. This is qualitative research which used descriptive explanative methods, and collecting datas from books, journals, articles, mass media, official publications and relevant websites. This paper used the liberalism perspective written by Locke, analysis unit nation-state and the theory is International Corporation written by K.J.Holsti. The result of this research is Indonesia makes decision to import rice from Thailand because domestic rice cannot sufficient. There are some reasons first, hard distributions, unstable climate, citizens always increase that make consume of rice also increase, Indonesian always think that rice is primer food. Honestly, Indonesia can be independent country in agriculture aspect especially for primary food in this country but need more attention from all sectors in order Indonesia can be develop country. Keyword: BULOG, HPP, International Corporation, Import, Rice
PERAN INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS (ICRC) DALAM MENINGKATKAN PERLINDUNGAN KEMANUSIAAN PADA KONFLIK ROHINGYA DI MYANMAR Neirata, Indyra Auliya; Pahlawan, Indra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol 12: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

The humanitarian crisis in Rakhine State, Myanmar, stems from long-standing structural discrimination, military violence, and mass displacement of the Rohingya ethnic group. In the absence of adequate state protection, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) emerges as a key non-state actor providing essential humanitarian assistance and protection. Using pluralist perspectives and Humanitarian Diplomacy Theory, this study examines how the ICRC fulfills its mandate through negotiation, neutrality, and direct engagement in conflict-affected areas. The findings demonstrate that the ICRC contributes through various programs under the Protection and Assistance Programs, including Water and Habitat, Emergency Relief, Health Assistance, civilian protection, and detention visits. Despite restricted access and unstable security conditions, the ICRC consistently upholds its humanitarian principles. Although it does not resolve the root causes of the conflict, the organization effectively mitigates humanitarian suffering and improves access to basic rights for the remaining Rohingya population in Myanmar. Keywords: ICRC, humanitarian diplomacy, Myanmar conflict.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN THROUGH CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE OLEH UN WOMEN DALAM MENGATASI KRISIS EKONOMI DI KENYA Putri, Nadia Zafira; Pahlawan, Indra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol 12: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

Women in Kenya face severe economic challenges due to gender inequality and the impacts of climate change that threaten the agricultural sector, particularly in climate-vulnerable regions such as Kitui County. These conditions heighten the vulnerability of small-scale women farmers and underscore the need for international organizations to strengthen their economic resilience. This study employs Clive Archer’s International Organization Theory and the Liberal Institutionalism perspective to analyze the role of UN Women in the Economic Empowerment of Women through Climate-Smart Agriculture program in Kenya. The research adopts a qualitative literature-based method through analysis of official reports, policy documents, and academic sources. The findings demonstrate that UN Women effectively functions as an independent actor that enhances multilateral cooperation and promotes women’s economic empowerment through climate-smart agricultural practices. The program has improved women’s adaptive capacity, income levels, and participation in sustainable development across Kenya. These results highlight the importance of gender-responsive international cooperation in addressing the economic and climate crises affecting women in vulnerable communities. Keywords: UN Women, Women’s Empowerment, Climate-Smart Agriculture, Liberal Institutionalism.
Co-Authors ", Rozalia ', Rania ,, Sabrun ,, Sasriaini Aditya Al Jamil, Aditya Al Afnur, Silvi Ramadani Agung Setia Budi Ahmad Jamaan Aida Rahma Suci Aisyah Fitri Yana Al-Hafiz, Nofri Wandi Alfajri, Said Irsyam Alfi Rizky, Alfi Andri Laksamana Arethusa, Zana Cobitha Arzila " Atikha Sari Aulia Faradipta Hakma Ayu Angelina Aritonang Bayu Setya Setya Bene Fetresya Simamora, Bene Fetresya BerylBeryl Rifqi Alhadi Bonny Desfiando Daniel S Debora, Rizpani Dewi Harnum Dewi, Citra Syafni Dian Mardiana Dilla, Arifa Rahma Dita, Delfia Tiara Dyanni Syifa Amira Efryli Derta Ega Nadhilah, Ega Eko Novrialdi Emi Meidila Sidauruk Febriana Ayonda Fenny Desty Fitri Andayani Fitri Rahmadani Gayatri, Shirley Dwi Halima Tus Syadiah Harahap, Aulia Rahmah Hariani, Rani Hartalis " Herman, Rafif Basya’ir Huwaida, Salwa Shabrina Ihsan Fauzi Rahman Indah Octaviani Khothibulloh Muhammad Khunaivi, Aldi Syahrul Klementina Silalahi Lady Chintia Nasution Lasma Angel Apriana Girsang Lena Anita Sulastri Purba Liana Fitri M Iqbal Sidiq M. Ilham Alhalis M. Martin Tonida M.Fajar Ma’ruf M.Fidel Katsro Manurung, Nora Dameris Maulida " Meichen Monalia Silaban MUhammad Yusrizal Muhammad, Iqbaal Mutiarani Ernanda Nadya Eka Putri Nanda Micolla Nathacia Rahmadhani, Nathacia Neirata, Indyra Auliya Nora Dameris Manurung Novel, Elin Konstantia Novella Putri Lerian Oci Khairani Octavia Tri Nararanti Okso Marisi Ollani Vabiola Bangun Paulus Hosbil Romanto Pramudita, Lintang Prima Rita Idayu Putri Herianasari Putri, Deska Nindia Putri, Nadia Zafira Putri, Tessa Alfiani Rahadian, Fathurrahman Adam Rahatesa, Queenta Rahmad Fajar Rahman, Ridho Rahmi, Maulida Ramadhan, Agung Rani Hariani Ratih Maharani Eka Putri Ricky Yudika Matondang Ridho Handoko Ridho Rahman Rifdah Hanun A Rini Oktiwi Ningsih Riyan Zulfikar Aris Rizpani Debora Rolly Jean Marten Safitri Andani Saiman Pakpahan Sapry, Hanna Zikria Sarah Patrecia Sinulingga Sari Eza Darma Sari Eza Darma, Sari Eza Sari, Atikha Sembiring, Sulthan Saleh Septian Wahyu Shintia, Eni Shirley Dwi Gayatri Siagian, Cristin Arti Kasih Sijekto " Silaen, Veronika Lestary Siregar, Dewi Mentari Siti masruroh Sri Kurnia Fitri Ningsih Suci Dwi Nikiki, Suci Dwi Suci Rahmawati, Suci Sukmika Mardalena Sulthan Saleh Sembiring Susanti, Nurvia Suwita Lora Syafira An-nur Syafira Yunita Annisa Syakara, Muhammad Rifqi Tri Huliyani Tri Rahmi Delly, Tri Rahmi Umi Oktyari Retnaningsih Wahyu Dilla Ramadhany Wanti Wahyuning Tiyas Wardani, Indah Surya Widyatama, Alferro Wulandari, Puput Ayu Yenny Nutrician Tampubolon Yesi Ningsih Paradila Yolanda Sari Silitonga Yona Princy