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CRASH BOX DESIGN WITH METAL FOAM FILLING MADE VIA MELT ROUTE AND CALCIUM CARBONATE BLOWING AGENT Hartanto, David Satya; Choiron, M. Agus; Purnowidodo, Anindito; Ariadi, Yudhi
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/MECHTA.2025.006.02.9

Abstract

The crashworthiness of daily passenger vehicles has been continuously developed to improve the safety of a passenger on collision. This study presents a simulation on thin-walled foam filled crash-box based on finite element methods to improve the current crash box design while also maintaining the usage of simple geometry in form of rectangular tube. This crash box is modeled as foam filled thin-walled structure that is intended to be mounted on the frontal side of car chassis. This simulation was carried out using frontal impact test, with an impactor speed of 10 m/s. The foam-filling of the crash-box is created in-house by the researcher, using calcium carbonate blowing agent on melt route process. By observing the area under the curve of the relationship between the force-reaction and the displacement, the energy absorption can be calculated. The simulation also reveals the deformation patterns on the crash box. The result of the simulation shows that foam-filling on thin-walled crash box improves the deformation behavior of the crash box and subsequently improving the energy absorption figure and its crushing force efficiency.
CHARACTERISTICS OF AGAVE SISALANA NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES WITH SEAWATER TREATMENT Raviko, Johansyah; Purnowidodo, Anindito; Wahyudi, Slamet; Azmi, Muhammad
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/MECHTA.2025.006.02.11

Abstract

This study focuses on the more environmentally friendly treatment (seawater treatment) than classical chemical treatments (natural fibers and a new trend of developing epoxy resin matrix composites with natural Agave Sisalana fiber reinforcement). The current study investigated natural agave sisalana fiber soaked in seawater for three days and seven days to increase the adhesion of the fiber-matrix interface on the epoxy resin composite with natural agave sisalana fiber. The best single fiber tensile strength test was caught on the 7-day treatment sample, where the loss was 898.49 MPa, and the modulus of elasticity was 1418.42 MPa. From the results of the SF composite tensile strength test, the highest tensile strength value was obtained in the 7-day seawater treatment sample of 103,734 MPa, the elongation at break value was 23,954 MPa, and the modulus of elasticity was 4,576 MPa. The data revealed that samples with the given treatment had higher mechanical properties than those without treatment. The loss of impurities in the sisal fiber after seawater treatment leads to a better bond between the fibers and the matrix, where the high value of tensile strength was influenced by the interface bond between the sisal fiber and the strong epoxy resin matrix acting as a load support. Furthermore, the macro photo data reveals that the results of the tensile testing fracture experienced a ductile fracture because it was marked that the fiber pull-out mechanism dominated in each specimen, piloting the reinforced sisal fiber composites experience slow cracking. In conclusion, seawater treatment may strengthen the fibers' mechanical surface properties by removing the outer layers of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin, causing the fiber-matrix interface to increase, leading to higher direct impact and tensile strength than composites with no seawater treatment.
Effect of Tube Thickness Configuration of Two Segments Circular Crash Box on Its Crashworthiness Performance Hermawan, Muhammad Vendy; Choiron, Moch. Agus; Purnowidodo, Anindito; Winarto, Winarto
Automotive Experiences Vol 8 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.13170

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the effect of tube configuration with different bottom fixation components on the energy absorption of a two-segment crash box. The circular tube thickness configuration has two thickness levels, half of the length of the tube has thicker walls (t2), and the other half has thinner walls (t1). The t1 values ​​are 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 mm while t2 is constant, 3 mm. Finite element analysis using ANSYS WORKBENCH was performed for the axial load model. The bottom fixation component uses Cutting Die Model (CDM) and Flat Model (FM). Sixteen crash box models were run to provide the effect of two tube thickness configurations and CDM-FM fixation components. The material of the circular tubes is Aluminum 6063 with a Bilinear Hardening Model assumption. Crashworthiness performance indicators were observed based on the values ​​of Energy Absorber (EA), Specific Energy Absorber (SEA), initial peak force (Fmax), and Crash Force Efficiency (CFE). The results show that the CDM model has the lowest Fmax value, due to the use of the die, which stimulates easier initial folding in the tube end area. The CDM model also has better SEA and CFE values. According to the results obtained from computer simulations, the CDM-t2t1 model with t1=1mm exhibited the highest Specific Energy Absorption (SEA) of 67.93 kJ. On the other hand, this same crash box model provided the smallest Fmax of 205.88 kN and the highest CFE value of 0.69. From these results, it can be concluded that this model provides the best crashworthiness performance.
Advanced computational techniques for predicting 3D printing distortion in selective laser melting processes of Aluminium AlSi10Mg Choiron, Moch. Agus; Purnowidodo, Anindito; Zacoeb, Achfas; Setyawan, Gembong Edhi; Wirawan, Willy Artha; Ariadi, Yudhi; Rennie, Allan E.W.; Kurnianingtyas, Diva
Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/mesi.12581

Abstract

Distortion for 3D printing using Selective Laser Melting (SLM) on AlSi10Mg aluminium is an important issue that affects the final manufactured product. This research aims to develop a finite element method (FEM)-based computational simulation and experimental validation to predict distortion in 3D printed products using SLM. The study results found that the variation of 3D printing position affects the resulting product's distortion and mechanical properties. The 90° part print position results in smaller distortion of 0.303 and 0.335 mm than the 0° part print position of 0.329 and 0.378, respectively, making it more suitable for high-precision applications. This study confirms the importance of scan orientation in controlling distortion in the SLM process, which can be used as a guide for optimal printing parameters. With proper orientation selection, the risk of distortion or defects in SLM products can be minimised, and industrial production efficiency can be improved.
MORPHOLOGY, STRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NATURAL CELLULOSE FIBER FROM OIL PALM FROND FIBER (ELAEIS GUINEENSIS JACQ) Sari, Martina Puspita; Purnowidodo, Anindito; Hamidi, Nurkholis
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol. 16 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jrm.v16i2.1590

Abstract

Natural fiber is one of the innovations in the development of renewable materials from composites which are considered more environmentally friendly. One of the advantages is that it is biodegradable which are able to decompose in nature and does not leave residues that are harmful to the environment until now it has been developed in combination with various types of polymer matrices so that it can produce composites that have good strength. In this study, composites made from palm frond fiber (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) were characterized by a two-step treatment, namely alkalization using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and the addition of a bleaching process using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). single fiber and Weibull distribution methods, chemical properties testing including chemical composition of fiber content, FTIR, and physical property testing including diameter measurement and SEM observations. Thus, the optimal concentration of alkali and bleaching was produced in the two-step process between 5% NaOH concentration and H2O2 in terms of bonding characteristics, this was mainly due to the reduction of the amorphous part of the fiber. There was a color change after the OPFF was treated with NaOH and H2O2 where the color of the OPFF became brighter. The heat resistance value is inversely proportional to the thickness value after alkaline treatment. heat resistance increased while the diameter of the OPFF decreased with increasing concentration of NaOH and the addition of the second treatment H2O2. The best crystallinity index was obtained at 10% NaOH variation and the best cellulose content was obtained at 5% NaOH variation. Likewise, the tensile strength of TF without treatment experienced a significant increase (76%) with 5% NaOH - H2O2 treatment. The results of the FTIR (Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy) test confirmed that the alkaline treatment and bleaching removed the hemicellulose content, impurities, and excessive water absorption. The surface of the treated OPFF becomes rougher. The etched surface shows interlocking with the matrix as shown in the SEM images. The effect of NaOH and H2O2 treatment on OPFF shows the potential of OPFF as a reinforcement for matrix polymer composites to reduce the use of synthetic fibers.
PENGARUH WAKTU SOLUTION TREATMENT DAN AGING TERHADAP KEKERASAN DAN KEKUATAN TARIK ALUMINIUM PADUAN AA 7075 – T6 Naafila, Amira; Purnowidodo, Anindito; Setyarini, Putu Hadi
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol. 15 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jrm.v15i1.862

Abstract

Aluminium 7075 is a material used to plane body, because this material is corrosion-resistant, and its properties can be formed well, low density and light. Aluminium 7075-T6 which is mainly used for aircraft manufacturing, has a content of 0,37% Zn, 0,13% Mg, 0,07% Cu and 0,20% Si. Because this material 7075-T6 is heat treatable. It will be treated with the solution treatment (420ºC) and aging treatment (250ºC) each in 1hour and 2,5 hours to make precipitation. The hight strength and low hardness to find out the characteristics of aluminium 7075-T6 tensile strength testing, hardness testing and EDS (Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy) testing will be carried out. And the result of tensile strength testing for raw material has an ultimate tensile strength (125,000MPa), elongation (0,02%) and the result of Rockwell hardness testing has (10,36 HRt). This material done by processed solution treatment with temperature (420ºC/hour, 2,5 hours/ 150ºC) has an ultimate tensile strength (95,833 MPa), elongation (0,26%) and for the Rockwell hardness testing the result is (49,2 HRt). The heat treatment made the solution treated aluminium grain bigger but increasing the strength because of precipitation.
PERFORATION AND PENETRATION OF FIBER METAL LAMINATES TARGET BY HEMISPHERICAL PROJECTILE Fadly, Muhammad Syaiful; Purnowidodo, Anindito; Setyarini, Putu Hadi; Bakri, Bakri; Chandrabakty, Sri
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/MECHTA.2023.004.02.8

Abstract

This study aims to examine the phenomena that occur due to projectile penetration on fiber metal laminate. Ballistic testing was carried out experimentally according to National Institute of Justice standards (NIJ Standard 0101.06 level III-A) using a 9 mm full-metal jacket projectile with a normal angle of attack (90° to the target). The results showed that fiber metal laminate could withstand the projectile rate by penetrating the first layer (aluminum plate) and the second layer (aramid/epoxy), while the last layer was deformed to form a bulge. The pierced aluminum plate is characterized by petalling failure. Meanwhile, the aramid/epoxy was penetrated by the projectile with failure of the primary yarn to break the fiber.
Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Achfas Zacoeb Agung Sugeng Widodo Agus Setiawan Agus Suprapto Akhmad Ali Imron Amros Alfonsius Tuati, Amros Alfonsius Andika H P Ari Wahjudi Ariadi, Yudhi Arief Rizki Fadhillah Arthur Yanny Leiwakabessy Asroni Asroni Asroni, Asroni Avita Ayu Permanasari Bakri Bakri Bakri Bakri Bayu Agung Wicaksono Choiron, M. Agus Choiron, Mochamad Agus Choiron, Mochammad Agus Djarot B. Darmadi Djarot B. Darmadi, Djarot B. Eko Hendry Suyono Fauzi, Katanda Fajar Febi Rahmadianto Fikrul Akbar Alamsyah Gayuh Utami Dewi, Francisca Gembong Edhi Setyawan Hartanto, David Satya Helmy Purwanto Hermawan, Muhammad Vendy Hery Widijanto Hilmi Iman Firmansyah Ida, Zumrotul Imam Kusyairi Imam Kusyairi, Imam Jufra Daud Johanis Abanat Khairul Anam Kurnianingtyas, Diva Moch. Agus Choiron Moch. Agus Choiron Moch. Agus Choiron Muhammad Azmi, Muhammad Muhammad Fakhruddin Muhammad Sadat Hamzah Muhammad Syaiful Fadly Muhammad Syaiful Fadly Naafila, Amira Nasmi Herlina Sari Nurkholis Hamidi Putu Hadi Setyarini Raviko, Johansyah Redi Bintarto, Redi Rennie, Allan E.W. Rivai, Ahmad Riza Prawira Rudianto Raharjo Rudy Soenoko Rudy Soenoko Sari, Martina Puspita Setiyabudi, Sofyan Arief Setyabudi, Sofyan Arief Setyabudi, Sofyan Arif Slamet Wahyudi Sofyan Arief Sonief, Achmad As’ad Sri Chandrabakty Sugiarto S Suteja Suteja, Suteja Syahrizal Syahrizal Tamara F. Utama Tawaf, Nanang Teguh Dwi Widodo Wahyono Suprapto Wibowo, Farit Hendro Wijil Pambudi Winarto Winarto Wirawan, Willy Artha Wiwik Handayani Yudy Surya Irawan