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Blended Learning and Learning Outcomes: The Mediating Role of Student Engagement in Indonesian Secondary Education Rufi'i Rufi'i; Dani Chandra Yudho Pranoto; Budi Nur Rahman; Sabrina Aulia Rizki; Nurudeen Olalekan Orunbon; B. B. Harianto; Rufi'i Rufi'i; Dani Chandra Yudho Pranoto; Budi Nur Rahman; Sabrina Aulia Rizki; Nurudeen Olalekan Orunbon; B. B. Harianto
Jurnal Pembelajaran, Bimbingan, dan Pengelolaan Pendidikan Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um065.v6.i4.2026.12

Abstract

Blended learning has increasingly been adopted in secondary education as a strategic response to the demand for more effective and contemporary instructional practices; however, the mechanisms through which it influences academic achievement remain insufficiently explained. This study examines student engagement as a mediating process linking blended learning to learning outcomes, shifting the focus from technological integration toward learner-centered mechanisms. A cross-sectional quantitative design was employed using survey data from 300 secondary school students. Data were analyzed through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 4, involving assessment of measurement reliability and validity, followed by structural model and mediation analysis with 5,000 bootstrap resamples. The results demonstrate that blended learning has a significant positive effect on student engagement and learning outcomes, while student engagement also exerts a strong positive influence on learning outcomes. Mediation analysis confirms that student engagement partially mediates the relationship between blended learning and academic performance. These findings indicate that blended learning enhances learning outcomes both directly and indirectly by fostering students’ cognitive and behavioral involvement. Overall, the study highlights student engagement as a key mechanism through which blended learning environments translate instructional design into meaningful educational gains in secondary education contexts.
Blended Learning and Learning Outcomes: The Mediating Role of Student Engagement in Indonesian Secondary Education Rufi'i Rufi'i; Dani Chandra Yudho Pranoto; Budi Nur Rahman; Sabrina Aulia Rizki; Nurudeen Olalekan Orunbon; B. B. Harianto; Rufi'i Rufi'i; Dani Chandra Yudho Pranoto; Budi Nur Rahman; Sabrina Aulia Rizki; Nurudeen Olalekan Orunbon; B. B. Harianto
Jurnal Pembelajaran, Bimbingan, dan Pengelolaan Pendidikan Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um065.v6.i4.2026.12

Abstract

Blended learning has increasingly been adopted in secondary education as a strategic response to the demand for more effective and contemporary instructional practices; however, the mechanisms through which it influences academic achievement remain insufficiently explained. This study examines student engagement as a mediating process linking blended learning to learning outcomes, shifting the focus from technological integration toward learner-centered mechanisms. A cross-sectional quantitative design was employed using survey data from 300 secondary school students. Data were analyzed through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 4, involving assessment of measurement reliability and validity, followed by structural model and mediation analysis with 5,000 bootstrap resamples. The results demonstrate that blended learning has a significant positive effect on student engagement and learning outcomes, while student engagement also exerts a strong positive influence on learning outcomes. Mediation analysis confirms that student engagement partially mediates the relationship between blended learning and academic performance. These findings indicate that blended learning enhances learning outcomes both directly and indirectly by fostering students’ cognitive and behavioral involvement. Overall, the study highlights student engagement as a key mechanism through which blended learning environments translate instructional design into meaningful educational gains in secondary education contexts.
Comparative Study of Fixed-Wing and Rotary-Wing Aircraft: A Systematic Literature-Based Analysis of Flight Efficiency, Maneuverability, and Operational Function Hadi Prayitno; Gunawan Sakti; Ahmad Bahrawi; Dani Chandra Yudho Pranoto; Moch Rifai
SKYHAWK : Jurnal Aviasi Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): SKYHAWK: Jurnal Aviasi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Civil Pilot Academy Banyuwagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52074/skyhawk.v6i1.353

Abstract

This study compares fixed-wing and rotary-wing aircraft in terms of flight efficiency, maneuverability, and operational function by addressing the lack of an integrated framework for mission-based aircraft comparison. A systematic literature-based comparative analysis was conducted using aerodynamics textbooks, aviation handbooks, technical references, regulatory documents, and recent scholarly articles. The analysis was structured around three parameters: flight efficiency, including energy consumption, cruising speed, and range; maneuverability, including takeoff and landing capability, hovering, and movement flexibility; and operational function, including mission suitability and operating environment. The findings show that fixed-wing aircraft provide higher cruise efficiency, greater range, and better payload effectiveness because lift is generated through forward motion over fixed airfoils. In contrast, rotary-wing aircraft offer superior maneuverability, vertical takeoff and landing, and hovering capability, making them more suitable for confined-area, emergency, and point-access missions. The novelty of this study lies in its structured analytical matrix, which clarifies the trade-off between cruise efficiency and spatial flexibility. The study concludes that neither aircraft type is universally superior; effectiveness depends on the alignment between aerodynamic characteristics, operational constraints, and mission requirements.