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All Journal E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Review of Primary Care Practice and Education (Kajian Praktik dan Pendidikan Layanan Primer) Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML) Bali Medika Jurnal JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia
I Nyoman Wande
Bagian SMF Patologi Klinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana/Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health

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The Role of Antioxidant Therapy in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Literature Review Astini, Dewa Ayu Agung Alit Suka; Yasa, I Wayan Putu Sutirta; Jawi, I Made; Wande, I Nyoman
Review of Primary Care Practice and Education Vol 8, No 1 (2025): January
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/rpcpe.104276

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease and has become a global problem due to the rapid increase in the number of cases. This disease is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia caused by insulin resistance and pancreatic beta cell dysfunction. The occurrence of oxidative stress is known to play a central role in the development of T2DM complications, through increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) that worsen insulin resistance, worsen beta cell function, and trigger complications such as cardiovascular complications, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Objectives: This literature review aims to evaluate the scientific evidence supporting the use of antioxidant therapy as an additional approach in the management of T2DM, focusing on the effectiveness and mechanism of action of antioxidant compounds on glycemic parameters, oxidative stress, and diabetes complications. Methods: A literature search was conducted through databases on ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar, with the keywords "antioxidant therapy", "type 2 diabetes mellitus", "oxidative stress", and "diabetes management". The selected articles included in vitro, in vivo studies, and clinical trials published in the period 2013-2023. Literature review focused on the biochemical mechanisms of antioxidant compounds and clinical outcomes related to glycemic parameters and diabetes complications. The literature extraction process was carried out from January to March 2024. Results: Supplementation of vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin C, polyphenols, saponins, and flavonoids has been proven to reduce blood glucose levels and increase insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The mechanism involves increasing antioxidant activity, regulating glucose homeostasis, as well as modulating signaling pathways such as AMPK, PPAR, and GLUT4. Conclusions: This bioactive compound has potential as an adjunct therapy in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus by targeting oxidative stress and insulin resistance. Further research is needed to determine optimal dosage and long-term effectiveness.
Euphorbia milii and propolis combination tea reduced hepatic steatosis and hepatocyte apoptosis in high-fat diet rat model Linawati, Ni Made; Sundari, Luh Putu Ratna; Widarta, I Wayan Rai; Arijana, I Gusti Kamasan Nyoman; Wande, I Nyoman; Luvianto, Juven
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 15, No 2, (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol15.Iss2.art10

Abstract

Background: Dyslipidemia can cause various organ disorders, such as fatty liver disease. Over time, fatty liver disease has become more commonplace worldwide and may cause mortality if the progression worsens. Natural components from Euphorbia milii (E. milii) and propolis (EMP) have been demonstrated as immunomodulators that reduce total cholesterol levels.Objective: To prove the effect of EMP tea on inhibiting fatty liver and hepatocyte apoptosis in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced rats.Methods: This study applied a post-test-only control group design using 18 Wistar rats, which were divided into three groups: K0 (received standard feed), KN (received HFD of 2 g/200 g Body weight (BW) in a day), and P (received HFD of 2 g/200 g BW in a day and EMP of tea 40 mg/100 g BW in a day). The interventions were conducted for 30 days, followed by termination on day 31 for liver tissue collection and analysis. We calculated the hepatic steatosis with the help of hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Hepatocyte apoptosis was also determined with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining.Results: The K0 group had a lower hepatic steatosis percentage (17.87 ± 1.81) than KN (63.75 ± 15.88). We also found no hepatocyte apoptosis in the K0 but a high hepatocyte apoptosis index in the KN (3.98 ± 0.29). The combination of EMP tea in HFD-induced rats significantly reduced hepatic steatosis and apoptosis percentage (25.33 ± 1.17 and 0.91 ± 0.61, respectively). Conclusion: We demonstrated that combining EMP tea reduced hepatic steatosis and hepatocyte apoptotic index in HFD-induced rats, suggesting its potential as a treatment for these conditions.                                       
Co-Authors Anak Agung Wiradewi Lestari Anak Agung Wiradewi Lestari, Anak Agung Aryana, I Gust Putu Suka Astika, I Nyoman Astini, Dewa Ayu Agung Alit Suka Cong, Tzeto Han Dewi, Ni Made Ratih Purnama Dewi, Pande Putu Ayu Patria Dharayani, Luh Anandita I Gusti Kamasan Nyoman Arijana I Ketut Suastika I Made Jawi I Putu Gede Adiatmika I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa I Wayan Rai Widarta Ida Bagus Putu Putrawan Indrayani, Pande Kadek Putri Rahayu Ketut Ariawati Luh Putu Ratna Sundari Luvianto, Juven Mahartini, Ni Nyoman Milaviwanda, Luh Komang Ayu Nabu, Ekarini Katharina Yunarti Ni Kadek Mulyantari Ni Made Linawati Parwati, Putu Ayu Prabasari, Pande Visca Gayatri Prabawa, I Putu Yuda Purnami, Ni Ketut Rai Putra, Kadek Agus Widya Adi R. A.T. Kuswardhani Sianny Herawati Sudana, I Nyoman Gde Triningrat, Anak Agung Mas Putrawati Wira Gotera Wirawati, Ida Ayu Putri